062  
FXUS07 KWBC 191547  
PMD30D  
PROGNOSTIC DISCUSSION FOR MONTHLY OUTLOOK  
NWS CLIMATE PREDICTION CENTER CAMP SPRINGS MD  
830 AM EST THU NOV 19 2009  
 
30-DAY OUTLOOK DISCUSSION FOR DECEMBER 2009  
 
EL NINO CONTINUED TO STRENGTHEN DURING THE MONTH OF OCTOBER AND INTO EARLY  
NOVEMBER. SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES (SSTS) IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN ARE NOW MORE  
THAN 1.5 DEG. C ABOVE NORMAL ALONG THE EQUATOR FROM 170 E TO 120 W LONGITUDE,  
WITH ANOMALIES CLOSE TO 2 DEG. C FROM NEAR THE DATE LINE TO 130W. SUB-SURFACE  
OCEAN TEMPERATURES IN THE EASTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC OCEAN ARE WELL ABOVE  
NORMAL. THE AVERAGE HEAT CONTENT OF THE UPPER 300 METERS HAS BEEN STEADY IN  
RECENT MONTHS AFTER HAVING RETREATED SLIGHTLY FROM THEIR PEAK VALUES IN LATE  
SUMMER. ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS OVER THE TROPICAL PACIFIC ARE CONSISTENT WITH  
EL NINO, WITH LOW LEVEL WESTERLY WIND ANOMALIES AND UPPER LEVEL EASTERLY WIND  
ANOMALIES OBSERVED IN OCTOBER AND EARLY NOVEMBER. THE MEAN ATMOSPHERIC  
CONVECTION FOR OCTOBER 2009 WAS ENHANCED IN THE WEST-CENTRAL EQUATORIAL PACIFIC  
AND SUPPRESSED OVER INDONESIA. THESE INDICATORS ARE SUGGESTIVE OF A MODERATE  
EL NINO EVENT. MOST MODELS PREDICT THAT THE EL NINO INTENSITY WILL REMAIN  
MODERATE THROUGH DECEMBER.  
 
THE MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION (MJO) HAS BEEN QUITE ACTIVE IN THE PAST FEW  
WEEKS. THE MJO IS EXPECTED TO COMPLICATE THE ATMOSPHERIC EL NINO  
TELECONNECTIONS DURING THE MONTH OF DECEMBER. SPECIFICALLY, THE CHANCE OF  
ABOVE MEDIAN PRECIPITATION AMOUNTS IS ELEVATED ALONG THE WEST COAST OF THE  
CONUS AS A RESULT OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE MJO EXPECTED IN THE EARLY PART OF  
DECEMBER.  
 
THE TEMPERATURE OUTLOOK FOR DECEMBER IS MOSTLY BASED ON THE CFS MODEL FORECAST  
AND EL NINO COMPOSITES FOR NDJ. INCREASED CHANCES OF ABOVE NORMAL TEMPERATURES  
ARE INDICATED FOR THE WESTERN U.S. EXCEPT FOR PARTS OF THE SOUTHWEST AND  
SOUTHERN ROCKIES DUE TO AN UPPER LEVEL RIDGE EXPECTED OVER WESTERN NORTH  
AMERICA ASSOCIATED WITH EL NINO. EL NINO TELECONNECTIONS FAVOR BELOW NORMAL  
TEMPERATURES NEAR TEXAS AND PORTIONS OF THE WESTERN GULF STATES. THE CFS  
INDICATES BELOW NORMAL TEMPERATURES THROUGHOUT MOST OF THE SOUTHEASTERN U.S.,  
HOWEVER, ENSO COMPOSITES SUGGESTING BELOW NORMAL TEMPERATURES ARE LESS  
CONVINCING ALONG THE EASTERN GULF THAN THE WESTERN GULF SO EC IS INDICATED FOR  
MUCH OF THE SOUTHEAST AND EASTERN U.S. ABOVE NORMAL TEMPERATURES ARE FAVORED  
FOR MUCH OF THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN PARTS OF ALASKA INCLUDING THE PANHANDLE.  
 
THE PRECIPITATION FORECAST IS CONSISTENT WITH ENSO COMPOSITES WITH SOME  
REVISIONS DUE TO THE CFS MODEL FORECASTS AND AN ACTIVE MJO. EL NINO USUALLY  
INCREASES THE CHANCES OF ABOVE MEDIAN PRECIPITATION AMOUNTS FOR SOUTHERN  
CALIFORNIA. AN ACTIVE MJO IN THE PHASE PREDICTED IN EARLY DECEMBER INCREASES  
CHANCES FOR ENHANCED PRECIPITATION AMOUNTS FARTHER NORTH ALONG THE COAST THAN  
NORMALLY EXPECTED IN EL NINO, SO ELEVATED CHANCES FOR ABOVE MEDIAN  
PRECIPITATION AMOUNTS FOR THIS DECEMBER EXTEND TO SOUTHERN OREGON. THE MJO  
RELATED ACTIVITY FAVORS WET CONDITIONS IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST, CONTRADICTING  
THE DRY CONDITIONS USUALLY FAVORED IN EL NINO DECEMBERS RESULTING IN A FORECAST  
FOR EQUAL CHANCES FOR BELOW, NEAR, OR ABOVE MEDIAN PRECIPITATION AMOUNTS FOR  
COASTAL AREAS IN WASHINGTON STATE AND NORTHERN OREGON. THE CFS INDICATES ABOVE  
MEDIAN PRECIPITATION ALONG THE ALASKAN PANHANDLE. THE CFS PREDICTS DRY  
CONDITIONS FOR MUCH OF THE WESTERN U.S., HOWEVER, WITH THE UNCERTAINTY DUE TO  
MJO AND GENERALLY WEAK ENSO PRECIPITATION TELECONNECTIONS IN THE EARLY PART OF  
THE WINTER SEASON, PROBABILITIES FOR BELOW MEDIAN PRECIPITATION ARE ONLY  
SIGNIFICANTLY ENHANCED FOR THE NORTHERN ROCKIES WHERE THE ENSO SIGNAL FOR DRY  
IS STRONGEST. AN ENHANCED SOUTHERN JET IN ASSOCIATED WITH EL NINO IS EXPECTED  
TO ELEVATE CHANCES FOR ABOVE MEDIAN PRECIPITATION AMOUNTS ALONG THE GULF COAST  
FROM TEXAS THROUGH FLORIDA. THE CFS FORECASTS FOR ENHANCED PRECIPITATION IN  
FLORIDA ARE DISTINCTLY LESS CERTAIN THAN FOR THE WESTERN GULF, SO HIGHEST  
PROBABILITIES ARE FOR INDICATED FOR SOUTHERN TEXAS.  
 
 
 
FORECASTER: DAVID UNGER  
 
NOTES: AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY THAT FORMERLY WERE LABELED CL (CLIMATOLOGICAL  
PROBABILITIES) ARE NOW LABELED AS EC (EQUAL CHANCES).  
 
AN UPDATED MONTHLY OUTLOOK... FOR DEC WILL BE ISSUED ON MON NOVEMBER 30 2009  
 
THESE OUTLOOKS ARE BASED ON DEPARTURES FROM THE 1971-2000 BASE PERIOD.  
 

 
 
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