750  
FXUS02 KWBC 270659  
PMDEPD  
 
EXTENDED FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NWS WEATHER PREDICTION CENTER COLLEGE PARK MD  
159 AM EST SAT JAN 27 2024  
 
VALID 12Z TUE JAN 30 2024 - 12Z SAT FEB 03 2024  
 
...LARGE SCALE SYSTEM LIKELY TO SPREAD PRECIPITATION ACROSS MUCH  
OF THE WEST NEXT WEEK WITH HIGHEST TOTALS EXPECTED OVER  
CALIFORNIA...  
 
   
..OVERVIEW
 
 
LATEST MODELS AND ENSEMBLES GENERALLY SUGGEST THAT THE LARGE SCALE  
PATTERN WILL TAKE ON AN INCREASINGLY BLOCKY LOOK WITH TIME. THIS  
EVOLUTION WILL FEATURE AN INITIAL ROCKIES UPPER RIDGE SETTLING  
OVER THE CENTRAL U.S. AND EXTENDING NORTH INTO CANADA WHILE A  
PACIFIC UPPER TROUGH REACHING THE WEST EVENTUALLY BECOMES  
NEGATIVELY TILTED AND EAST COAST MEAN TROUGHING WILL COMPRISE ONE  
SHORTWAVE PASSING THROUGH AROUND MIDWEEK AND THEN REINFORCING  
ENERGY FARTHER NORTH TOWARD THE END OF THE WEEK. CONTINUE TO  
EXPECT STRONG AND MOIST SOUTHERLY FLOW AHEAD OF THE PACIFIC TROUGH  
TO SUPPORT AN ATMOSPHERIC RIVER EVENT WHOSE FOCUS SHOULD PROGRESS  
SOUTHWARD ALONG THE WEST COAST OVER THE COURSE OF THE WEEK. A  
BROAD SHIELD OF RAIN/SNOW WILL LIKELY EXTEND FARTHER INLAND OVER  
THE WEST AFTER WEDNESDAY AND RAIN SHOULD DEVELOP OVER PARTS OF THE  
PLAINS BY FRIDAY OR SATURDAY. OVER THE EAST, AN AREA OF LIGHT TO  
PERHAPS MODERATE RAIN/SNOW SHOULD ACCOMPANY A MIDWEEK SYSTEM WHILE  
THE NORTHEAST COULD SEE SOME SNOW LATE IN THE WEEK AS REINFORCING  
ENERGY ALOFT SETTLES INTO THE MEAN TROUGH POSITION.  
   
..GUIDANCE/PREDICTABILITY ASSESSMENT
 
 
WITH RESPECT TO THE LARGER SCALE ASPECTS OF THE FORECAST, GUIDANCE  
HAS GENERALLY BEEN MORE AGREEABLE AND CONSISTENT WITH THE INCOMING  
WESTERN U.S. UPPER TROUGH VERSUS THE TWO PRIMARY FEATURES  
COMPRISING THE EAST COAST MEAN TROUGH. CONTINUE TO FAVOR A  
CONSENSUS/AVERAGE FORECAST OVER THE WEST WHERE THERE IS A  
PERSISTENT SPREAD FOR TIMING OF THE LEADING HEIGHT FALLS (GFS  
SLOW, CMC FAST) WITH NO PRONOUNCED CLUSTERING THUS FAR AND  
DIFFERENCES WELL WITHIN TYPICAL GUIDANCE ERROR AT THAT TIME FRAME.  
WHAT TRENDS EXIST OVER THE PAST DAY ARE JUST SLIGHTLY SLOWER AS  
OF MIDWEEK. THE NEW 00Z GFS HAS ADDED A NEW WRINKLE IN THE  
SURFACE FORECAST OFF THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST COAST, EJECTING THE  
LEADING DEEP SURFACE LOW NORTH OF OTHER GUIDANCE AND THEN TRACKING  
A TRAILING WAVE CLOSER TO THE COAST THAN OTHER GUIDANCE ON  
WEDNESDAY. MODEL/ENSEMBLE CONSENSUS AGREES UPON THE INCREASINGLY  
NEGATIVE TILT OF THE UPPER TROUGH BY FRIDAY-SATURDAY WITH TYPICAL  
DETAIL UNCERTAINTIES.  
 
OVER THE EAST, THE LEADING SYSTEM STILL EXHIBITS SIGNIFICANT  
SPREAD BUT WITH RECENT TRENDS GRAVITATING MORE TOWARD THE  
SLOWER/CLOSED UPPER DYNAMICS INITIALLY ADVERTISED BY GFS RUNS.  
THE NEW 00Z UKMET IS A FAST/OPEN EXTREME WHILE THE NEW 00Z ECMWF  
HAS ADJUSTED A LITTLE FASTER THAN THE 00Z GFS/GEFS/CMC AND 12Z  
ECENS MAJORITY. THEN GUIDANCE HAS BEEN SHOWING A LOT OF SPREAD  
AND VARIABILITY WITH UPSTREAM ENERGY LIKELY TO AMPLIFY INTO THE  
NORTHEAST AND VICINITY TOWARD THE END OF THE WEEK. THROUGH THE  
12Z/18Z CYCLES, SOLUTIONS VARIED AMONG OPEN TROUGHING OR A CLOSED  
LOW WITH MOST NOT NOTABLY DEEP. IN CONTRAST, 12Z  
ECMWF-INITIALIZED MACHINE LEARNING MODELS GENERALLY SUGGESTED THE  
POTENTIAL FOR THIS TROUGHING TO DEVELOP UP TO A DAY EARLIER AND IN  
DEEPER FASHION (AND MOST WITH A CLOSED LOW) THAN THE GFS/ECMWF AND  
THEIR MEANS (WITH THE CMC/CMCENS A LITTLE FARTHER EAST). NEW 00Z  
MODEL TRENDS SEEM TO BE SUPPORTING A DEEPER UPPER LOW OVER OR NEAR  
THE NORTHEAST.  
 
GUIDANCE COMPARISONS LED TO UPDATING THE FORECAST WITH A 12Z/18Z  
OPERATIONAL MODEL COMPOSITE EARLY WITH GRADUALLY INCREASING INPUT  
FROM THE 18Z GEFS/12Z ECMWF MEANS TO YIELD A HALF MODEL/HALF MEAN  
MIX BY THE END OF THE PERIOD NEXT SATURDAY.  
   
..WEATHER/HAZARDS HIGHLIGHTS
 
 
GUIDANCE HAS MADE ONLY INCREMENTAL ADJUSTMENTS FOR THE BROAD AREA  
OF PRECIPITATION EXPECTED TO SPREAD ACROSS THE WEST FROM TUESDAY  
ONWARD. INITIAL APPROACH OF THE PACIFIC UPPER TROUGH  
TUESDAY-THURSDAY WILL SUPPORT A STRONG SOUTHERLY FLOW OF ENHANCED  
MOISTURE AND LIKELY BRING A PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANT RAINFALL AND  
HIGH ELEVATION SNOW TO THE WEST COAST STATES. DURING THE PERIOD  
COVERED BY THE DAYS 4-5 EXCESSIVE RAINFALL OUTLOOKS (EARLY TUESDAY  
THROUGH WEDNESDAY NIGHT), EXPECT THE HEAVIEST RAINFALL TO REACH  
NORTHERN CALIFORNIA AROUND WEDNESDAY WHEN A SLIGHT RISK AREA HAS  
BEEN INTRODUCED IN THE DAY 5 OUTLOOK. THIS OUTLOOK AREA  
CORRESPONDS TO THE BEST OVERLAP OF GUIDANCE SIGNALS WITHIN  
PERSISTENT TIMING SPREAD (GFS SLOWEST, CMC FASTEST) THAT AFFECTS  
THE SOUTHWARD EXTENT OF PRECIPITATION. THE SURROUNDING MARGINAL  
RISK AREA REFLECTS AN INTERMEDIATE TIMING OF SIGNIFICANT BUT LESS  
EXTREME RAINFALL POTENTIAL. THE AVERAGE OF GUIDANCE HAS NUDGED A  
LITTLE SLOWER WITH THE ARRIVAL OF THIS MOISTURE LATE IN THE DAY 4  
PERIOD. THIS REDUCES CONFIDENCE IN THE ESTABLISHED DAY 4 MARGINAL  
RISK AREA, BUT FOR NOW MAINTAINED IT BUT WITH REDUCED EASTWARD  
EXTENT. THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK AREA OVER THE OLYMPIC PENINSULA  
IN WESTERN WASHINGTON ON BOTH DAYS. MOISTURE ANOMALIES AND THEIR  
PERSISTENCE ARE BETTER DURING DAY 4 BUT GUIDANCE STILL SHOWS SOME  
RELATIVE QPF MAXIMA INTO DAY 5 WITH EXISTING WET CONDITIONS. FROM  
THURSDAY ONWARD, MOISTURE WILL PUSH FARTHER SOUTH THROUGH  
CALIFORNIA WITH SOME HEAVY PRECIPITATION, AS WELL AS THROUGH MUCH  
OF THE INTERIOR WEST/SOUTHWEST/ROCKIES WITH RAIN AND HIGHER  
ELEVATION SNOW BEING ENHANCED OVER SOUTHWARD FACING TERRAIN.  
EXPECT SOME RAIN OF VARYING INTENSITY TO DEVELOP OVER PORTIONS OF  
THE CENTRAL U.S. BY FRIDAY OR SATURDAY.  
 
THE SYSTEM CROSSING THE EAST TUESDAY-WEDNESDAY WILL PRODUCE AN  
AREA OF PRECIPITATION (EXACT RAIN/SNOW LINE SOMEWHAT UNCERTAIN AT  
THE MOMENT) THAT SHOULD BE MOSTLY IN THE LIGHT TO MODERATE RANGE.  
THEN UPPER TROUGHING AND POTENTIAL SURFACE DEVELOPMENT MAY PRODUCE  
SOME SNOW OVER THE NORTHEAST BY FRIDAY-SATURDAY.  
 
THE NORTHERN-CENTRAL PLAINS INTO UPPER MIDWEST WILL SEE WELL ABOVE  
NORMAL TEMPERATURES THROUGH THE PERIOD, WITH NORTHERN AREAS  
TENDING TO SEE THE BEST CHANCE FOR MULTIPLE DAYS OF MIN/MAX  
TEMPERATURES AT LEAST 20F ABOVE NORMAL. SOME MORNING LOWS COULD  
BE UP TO 25-30F OR SO ABOVE NORMAL AND A FEW DAILY RECORDS WILL BE  
POSSIBLE. THE WEST WILL BE WARM EARLY IN THE WEEK WITH SOMEWHAT  
LESS EXTREME ANOMALIES (GENERALLY UP TO PLUS 10-20F), BUT THAT MAY  
STILL BE WARM ENOUGH TO PRODUCE SOME DAILY RECORDS. THE UPPER  
TROUGH MOVING IN SHOULD BRING A COOLING TREND FOR THE LATTER HALF  
OF THE WEEK WITH HIGHS OVER CALIFORNIA AND AN EXPANDING PORTION OF  
THE SOUTHWESTERN U.S. TRENDING BELOW NORMAL THURSDAY-SATURDAY.  
PARTS OF THE SOUTHWEST MAY SEE HIGHS 10-15F BELOW NORMAL BY THE  
END OF THE WEEK. THE ABOVE NORMAL MIN TEMPERATURES WILL TAKE  
LONGER TO TREND TOWARD NORMAL DUE TO CLOUDS AND PRECIPITATION.  
OVER THE EAST, THE FLORIDA PENINSULA SHOULD SEE TEMPERATURES UP TO  
5-10F BELOW NORMAL TUESDAY-WEDNESDAY AND COASTAL NEW ENGLAND  
SHOULD SEE SIMILAR ANOMALIES FOR HIGHS ON TUESDAY. OTHERWISE  
EXPECT NEAR TO ABOVE NORMAL TEMPERATURES, ALBEIT WITH SOME  
UNCERTAINTY FOR HIGHS OVER THE NORTHEAST BY FRIDAY-SATURDAY  
DEPENDING ON DEPTH OF UPPER TROUGHING.  
 
RAUSCH  
 
ADDITIONAL 3-7 DAY HAZARD INFORMATION CAN BE FOUND ON THE WPC  
MEDIUM RANGE HAZARDS OUTLOOK CHART AT:  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/THREATS/THREATS.PHP  
 
WPC MEDIUM RANGE 500MB HEIGHTS, SURFACE SYSTEMS, WEATHER GRIDS,  
QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION FORECAST, EXCESSIVE RAINFALL OUTLOOK,  
WINTER WEATHER OUTLOOK PROBABILITIES, HEAT INDICES AND KEY  
MESSAGES ARE AT:  
 
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/MEDR/5DAYFCST500_WBG.GIF  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/MEDR/5DAYFCST_WBG_CONUS.GIF  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/5KM_GRIDS/5KM_GRIDSBODY.HTML  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/QPF/DAY4-7.SHTML  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/#PAGE=ERO  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/WWD/PWPF_D47/PWPF_MEDR.PHP?DAY=4  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/HEAT_INDEX.SHTML  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/#PAGE=OVW  
 

 
 

 
 
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