526  
FXUS61 KPHI 311510  
AFDPHI  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MOUNT HOLLY NJ  
1110 AM EDT MON MAR 31 2025  
   
SYNOPSIS  
 
A WARM FRONT WILL LIFT NORTH OF THE AREA THIS MORNING, THEN A  
COLD FRONT WILL IMPACT THE REGION LATE THIS AFTERNOON AND  
EVENING WITH WIDESPREAD SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS. COOL AND DRY  
HIGH PRESSURE WILL SETTLE INTO THE AREA THROUGH WEDNESDAY, THEN  
MOVES OFFSHORE. SEVERAL ROUNDS OF SHOWERS EXPECTED LATE IN THE  
WEEK AND THROUGH THE WEEKEND. A WARM FRONT WILL LIFT NORTH  
WEDNESDAY NIGHT INTO THURSDAY. THIS FRONT WILL RETURN SOUTH  
THROUGH THE AREA LATE FRIDAY, THEN LOW PRESSURE WILL PASS  
OFFSHORE OVER THE WEEKEND.  
 
 
   
NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/  
 
1045 AM...LATEST SATELLITE IMAGERY SHOWS RAPIDLY CLEARING SKIES  
ACROSS THE DELMARVA, SOUTHEAST PA, AND SOUTHERN NJ. AS A  
RESULT, BETTER DAYTIME HEATING IS EXPECTED ACROSS THIS REGION  
OVER THE NEXT SEVERAL HOURS, WHICH MAY RESULT IN MORE  
INSTABILITY THAN FORECASTED. TO THIS END, THE CHANCE FOR  
THUNDERSTORMS TO BECOME SEVERE WOULD BE A TAD HIGHER AS A  
RESULT, THOUGH THE OVERALL THREAT OF LOCALLY DAMAGING WIND  
GUSTS, SMALL HAIL, AND PERHAPS A TORNADO OR TWO REMAINS  
RELATIVELY UNCHANGED.  
 
AS WE GET INTO THE DAY TODAY, THE MAIN FOCUS CONTINUES TO BE ON  
THE SEVERE WEATHER AND FLOODING THREAT BEGINNING IN THE MID TO  
LATE AFTERNOON AND CONTINUING INTO TONIGHT. THIS WILL OCCUR AS A  
STRONG COLD FRONT APPROACHES THE AREA IN THE AFTERNOON AND  
PUSHES THROUGH AT NIGHT. MEANWHILE THE UPPER LEVEL TROUGH WILL  
PIVOT ACROSS THE GREAT LAKES AND MID ATLANTIC THROUGH THE DAY  
BEFORE PUSHING OFFSHORE OVERNIGHT TONIGHT INTO TUESDAY MORNING.  
LOCALLY DAMAGING WIND GUSTS WILL BE THE MAIN SEVERE WEATHER  
THREAT, BUT AN ISOLATED TORNADO OR TWO CANNOT BE RULED OUT.  
HEAVY RAIN FROM THESE STORMS WILL ALSO BRING THE RISK OF FLASH  
FLOODING ACROSS THE REGION WITH THE HIGHEST THREAT FOR THIS  
BEING IN THE URBAN CORRIDOR FROM AROUND WILMINGTON NORTH AND  
EAST THROUGH PHILLY AND TRENTON.  
 
AHEAD OF THE COLD FRONT, MOSTLY CLOUDY SKIES HAVE GIVEN WAY TO  
PARTLY/MOSTLY SUNNY SKIES. TEMPERATURES WILL WARM INTO THE LOW  
TO MID 70S, THOUGH MANY LOCATIONS ARE RUNNING A FEW DEGREES  
WARMER THAN INITIALLY FORECAST. AS A RESULT, WE COULD SEE  
OVERALL INSTABILITY CREEP UP THIS AFTERNOON, POSSIBLY EXCEEDING  
1000 J/KG OF MUCAPE IN SPOTS, WHICH WOULD HELP MORE STORMS  
POTENTIALLY REACH SEVERE CRITERIA. REGARDLESS, THERE WILL BE  
VERY STRONG DYNAMICS AND SHEAR IN PLACE, THUS MUCH OF THE REGION  
REMAINS IN THE SLIGHT RISK FOR SEVERE WEATHER FROM THE STORM  
PREDICTION CENTER. DEEP LAYER SHEAR (0-6 KM) WILL RANGE IN THE  
40-50 KT RANGE, SUPPORTING THE POTENTIAL FOR SEVERE  
THUNDERSTORMS WITH DAMAGING WIND GUSTS. IT IS ALSO WORTH NOTING  
THAT THE 0-1 KM SHEAR AND HELICITY LOOK TO BE QUITE HIGH, IN  
ADDITION TO 0-3 KM BULK SHEAR AROUND 30-35 KTS WITH VEERING  
HODOGRAPHS. AS A RESULT, AN ISOLATED TORNADO OR TWO WILL BE  
POSSIBLE.  
 
THE BEST CHANCE FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL COME DURING THE  
AFTERNOON THROUGH EARLY EVENING TIMEFRAME. BETTER DYNAMICS  
ARRIVE ACROSS THE REGION TO INITIATE CONVECTION SOMETIME FROM  
3-5 PM EDT, MAINLY ACROSS EASTERN PA AND WESTERN DELMARVA. A FEW  
EARLIER SHOWERS AND PERHAPS AN ISOLATED THUNDERSTORM MAY ARRIVE  
IN THE MORNING/EARLY AFTERNOON, BUT THESE ARE NOT EXPECTED TO  
BE SEVERE. AS THE STRONGER CONVECTION INITIATES AFTER 2 PM, SOME  
THUNDERSTORMS COULD START OFF MORE DISCRETE IN NATURE,  
MAXIMIZING ANY SEVERE POTENTIAL THERE MAY BE. THESE MORE  
DISCRETE CELLS ARE EXPECTED TO BECOME MORE NUMEROUS THROUGH THE  
LATE AFTERNOON AND EARLY EVENING BEFORE COALESCING INTO A MORE  
LINEAR STRUCTURE AFTER SUNSET. ONCE THIS OCCURS, THE THREAT OF  
FLASH FLOODING WILL BEGIN TO INCREASE.  
 
THE HEAVY RAIN AND FLASH FLOODING THREAT WILL BE HIGHEST  
THROUGH THE MID TO LATE EVENING INTO THE EARLY OVERNIGHT HOURS  
AS STORMS TEND TO GROW UPSCALE AND INSTABILITY BECOMES MORE  
ELEVATED. A STRENGTHENING LOW- LEVEL JET DURING THE EVENING AND  
NIGHTTIME HOURS WILL SUPPORT PWAT VALUES SURGING INTO THE 1.5+  
INCH RANGE, NEAR THE CLIMATOLOGICAL MAXIMUM FOR THIS TIME OF  
YEAR. AS A RESULT, FORECAST STORM TOTAL RAINFALL IS GENERALLY  
AROUND 1 TO 2 INCHES ACROSS THE AREA WITH THE HIGHEST AMOUNTS  
(1.5 TO 2 INCHES) EXPECTED TO BE RIGHT OVER THE I-95 URBAN  
CORRIDOR. DESPITE OUR ONGOING DROUGHT, THIS WILL POSE A THREAT  
FOR FLASH FLOODING SINCE RAIN RATES WILL BE HIGH AS IT WILL ALL  
FALL WITHIN JUST A FEW HOURS. EXPECT THE COLD FRONT TO CROSS THE  
URBAN CORRIDOR ROUGHLY AROUND 11PM - MIDNIGHT AND THEN MOVE  
OFFSHORE NEAR OR SHORTLY AFTER 6Z. AS THIS IS OCCURRING,  
GUIDANCE CONTINUES TO SUPPORT THE IDEA OF A WAVE OF LOW PRESSURE  
TRYING TO FORM ALONG IT SO THIS COULD LEAD TO LINGERING POST  
FRONTAL MORE STRATIFORM TYPE RAIN LASTING INTO THE  
OVERNIGHT...ESPECIALLY FOR AREAS NEAR AND SOUTH/EAST OF THE  
URBAN CORRIDOR. ALL PRECIP SHOULD BE OVER THOUGH BY TUESDAY  
MORNING WITH SHARPLY COLDER TEMPERATURES IN THE FRONT'S WAKE.  
EXPECT LOWS RANGING FROM THE LOW TO MID 30S NORTH TO THE MIDDLE  
TO UPPER 40S SOUTH.  
 
 
   
SHORT TERM /TUESDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY NIGHT/  
 
A BRIEF COOL DOWN AHEAD FOR TUESDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY AS A  
COLDER AND DRIER AIRMASS PUSHES INTO THE AREA. TEMPERATURES  
CLOSER TO CLIMATOLOGICAL NORMALS DURING THIS PERIOD ALONG WITH  
FAIR WEATHER CONDITIONS.  
 
UPPER TROUGHING WILL PUSH OFFSHORE ON TUESDAY, THEN RIDGING  
WILL RETURN INTO WEDNESDAY. AT THE SURFACE, COLD AND DRY  
CANADIAN HIGH PRESSURE WILL BRIEFLY BUILD INTO THE AREA TUESDAY  
THROUGH TUESDAY NIGHT BEFORE DEPARTING INTO WEDNESDAY. A WARM  
FRONT WILL RETURN NORTH THROUGH THE AREA WEDNESDAY NIGHT.  
 
WE WILL STILL BE IN A POST FRONTAL, COLD ADVECTION REGIME FOR  
MUCH OF TUESDAY WITH 850 MB TEMPERATURES DROPPING TO AROUND -4C  
TO 2C. THIS WILL TRANSLATE TO HIGH TEMPERATURES NEAR NORMAL,  
MAINLY IN THE MID TO UPPER 50S FOR MOST AREAS (COOLER IN THE  
HIGHER ELEVATIONS). BREEZY NORTHWEST WINDS AROUND 10-15 MPH WITH  
GUSTS UP TO 25 MPH AND SUNNY SKIES.  
 
THE HIGH PRESSURE WILL START SHIFTING EAST TUESDAY NIGHT, WHICH  
WILL SWITCH SURFACE WINDS TO THE NORTHEAST TO EAST. WINDS  
REMAIN ELEVATED NEAR 5-10 MPH MUCH OF THE NIGHT ON THE FRINGE OF  
THE HIGH, THOUGH THE TYPICAL COLD SPOTS COULD GO CALM AND  
RADIATE BETTER. MID LEVEL MOISTURE WILL INCREASE AHEAD OF THE  
NEXT SYSTEM AS WELL, SO RADIATIONAL COOLING WILL NOT BE OPTIMAL.  
THIS IS NOTEWORTHY BECAUSE THE FROST/FREEZE PROGRAM BEGINS  
APRIL 1 (TUESDAY) FOR OUR DELMARVA COUNTIES. THE DRY AIRMASS AND  
PERSISTENT LIGHT BREEZE OVERNIGHT WILL LIKELY NOT SUPPORT ANY  
FROST DEVELOPMENT DESPITE LOW TEMPERATURES IN THE MID TO UPPER  
30S. FARTHER NORTH INTO NJ AND PA, LOW TEMPERATURES WILL BE IN  
THE UPPER 20S TO MID 30S.  
 
FOR WEDNESDAY, THE HIGH WILL CONTINUE TO DEPART THE REGION.  
HOWEVER, THE MODIFIED CANADIAN AIRMASS WILL BE ADVECTING IN OFF  
THE COLD OCEAN WITH A SOUTHEAST BREEZE INCREASING TO 10-15 MPH  
WITH GUSTS UP TO 25 MPH. THIS PATTERN WON'T BRING ANY SURFACE  
"WARM" ADVECTION TO OUR AREA DURING THE DAY DESPITE UPPER LEVEL  
WARM ADVECTION BEGINNING, SO TEMPERATURES WILL ACTUALLY END UP  
BEING A FEW DEGREES COOLER THAN TUESDAY IN MOST AREAS.  
INCREASING CLOUDS WON'T HELP EITHER. LOW LEVEL WARM ADVECTION  
WON'T REALLY BEGIN UNTIL LATE AFTERNOON OR EVENING, WHEN THE  
WARM FRONT WILL FINALLY START LIFTING NORTH THROUGH THE AREA AS  
WINDS SHIFT MORE SOUTHERLY.  
 
HIGHS WEDNESDAY ARE MAINLY IN THE LOW TO MID 50S. CLOSER TO 60  
DEGREES FOR DELMARVA AND THE HIGHER ELEVATIONS LIKELY REMAINING  
STUCK IN THE 40S. TEMPERATURES WON'T FALL MUCH WEDNESDAY EVENING  
(EVENING LOWS MAINLY IN THE 40S), AND WILL START RISING INTO  
THE 50S OVERNIGHT IN MOST AREAS. A FEW SHOWERS POSSIBLE  
WEDNESDAY NIGHT AS THE WARM ADVECTION RAMPS UP, BUT THIS WILL BE  
ISOLATED TO SCATTERED IN NATURE AND INSIGNIFICANT WITH REGARDS  
TO ANY MEASURABLE RAINFALL.  
 
 
   
LONG TERM /THURSDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/  
 
EAST COAST RIDGING WILL BE THE MAIN SYNOPTIC PATTERN FROM LATE  
WEEK THROUGH THE WEEKEND. WE WILL CLOSE OUT THE WEEK THURSDAY  
AND FRIDAY WITH ABOVE NORMAL TEMPERATURES, THEN RETURN TO MORE  
MILD CONDITIONS WITH TEMPERATURE CLOSER TO NORMAL OVER THE  
WEEKEND.  
 
LOW PRESSURE WILL PASS NORTH OF THE AREA ON THURSDAY. AS THE  
LOW DEPARTS THURSDAY NIGHT, THE WARM SECTOR WILL BE ORPHANED, SO  
TO SPEAK, WITH THE FRONTAL BOUNDARY LINGERING TO OUR NORTH INTO  
FRIDAY. THE BOUNDARY WILL PUSH SOUTHWARD FRIDAY NIGHT AS UPPER  
AND SURFACE RIDGING RETREAT SOUTHWARD A BIT. THE BOUNDARY WILL  
THEN BE SOUTH OF OUR AREA THROUGH THE WEEKEND. SEVERAL WEAK  
TROUGHS WILL RIDE ALONG THIS BOUNDARY FROM LATE WEEK AND THROUGH  
THE WEEKEND, WHICH WILL TRANSLATE TO A GENERALLY UNSETTLED  
PATTERN FOR THE REGION. SEVERAL ROUNDS OF SHOWERS LIKELY.  
 
INSTABILITY WILL BE SUFFICIENT FOR THUNDERSTORMS BY THURSDAY  
NIGHT, BUT SEVERE CONVECTION IS NOT ANTICIPATED GIVE THE  
SYNOPTIC SETUP, MAINLY JUST SHOWERS WITH EMBEDDED THUNDER. THE  
USUAL GARDEN VARIETY SPRING CONVECTIVE ACTIVITY. BEYOND THURSDAY  
NIGHT, THUNDERSTORMS ARE UNLIKELY, BUT SHOWERS WILL REMAIN  
POSSIBLE EACH DAY, ESPECIALLY OVER THE WEEKEND WHEN FORCING IS  
MAXIMIZED. LONG STORY SHORT, ACTIVE AND UNSETTLED SHOWERY  
WEATHER, BUT NOTHING PARTICULARLY SIGNIFICANT OR IMPACTFUL TO  
SPEAK OF.  
 
HIGH TEMPERATURES THURSDAY AND FRIDAY MAINLY FROM 70 TO 80  
DEGREES, WARMEST THURSDAY WHEN THE WARM ADVECTION IS STRONGEST.  
QUITE MILD THURSDAY NIGHT WITH LOWS IN THE MID 50S TO MID 60S.  
TURNING COOLER INTO THE WEEKEND ONCE THE FRONT IS SOUTH OF US.  
HIGHS SATURDAY AND SUNDAY IN THE 50S TO MID 60S, AND LOWS MAINLY  
IN THE 40S.  
 
 
   
AVIATION /15Z MONDAY THROUGH FRIDAY/  
 
THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION IS FOR KPHL, KPNE, KTTN, KABE, KRDG,  
KILG, KMIV, KACY AND SURROUNDING AREAS.  
 
THROUGH TODAY...LIMITED FORECAST CONFIDENCE FOR EARLY THIS  
MORNING. GENERALLY EXPECT IFR/LIFR AROUND ABE/TTN SHOULD START  
TO IMPROVE TO MVFR AROUND DAWN AS THE WARM FRONT LIFTS NORTH.  
MEANWHILE, REMAINING SITES COULD SEE SOME MVFR CIGS DEVELOPING  
AROUND OR SHORTLY SUNRISE AND CONTINUING THROUGH THE MORNING.  
LLWS AT ALL SITES EARLY THIS MORNING WITH SW WINDS AT 2000 FEET  
AROUND 40 TO 45 KNOTS. ANY SUB VFR CONDITIONS SHOULD IMPROVE TO  
A PERIOD OF VFR THIS AFTERNOON BEFORE SHOWERS/STORMS ARRIVE  
LATE DAY (MAINLY AFTER 20Z) PRODUCING ADDITIONAL RESTRICTIONS.  
WINDS VEERING TO SW AND GENERALLY INCREASING TO 10 TO 15 GUSTING  
20 TO 25 KNOTS.  
 
TONIGHT...SUB VFR PREDOMINATING IN THE EVENING DUE TO  
SHOWERS/STORMS WITH AT LEAST PERIODS OF IFR LIKELY...ESPECIALLY  
DURING THE EVENING TIME FRAME. SHOWERS/STORMS WINDING DOWN  
OVERNIGHT WITH CONDITIONS IMPROVING TO VFR AND WINDS SHIFTING TO  
NW 10 TO 15 GUSTING TO AROUND 20 KNOTS.  
 
OUTLOOK...  
 
TUESDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY...VFR. GUSTY WINDS, OTHERWISE NO  
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER.  
 
WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH FRIDAY...CHANCES FOR SHOWERS THROUGH  
THE PERIOD, ALONG WITH SOME PERIODS OF RESTRICTIONS LIKELY.  
GUSTY SOUTH TO SOUTHWEST WINDS ON THURSDAY, WITH POTENTIAL FOR  
THUNDERSTORMS THURSDAY NIGHT.  
 
 
   
MARINE  
 
SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY CONDITIONS CONTINUING THROUGH TONIGHT DUE  
TO ELEVATED WINDS AND SEAS. SW WINDS GENERALLY AROUND 20 GUSTING  
TO AROUND 25-30 KNOTS WITH SEAS 5 TO 7 FEET. WINDS SHIFT TO  
NORTHWEST OVERNIGHT TO NIGHT. THE OTHER HAZARD EARLY THIS  
MORNING WILL BE REDUCED VISIBILITY OVER OUR NORTHERN OCEAN ZONES  
WHERE A MARINE DENSE FOG ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR OUR  
ZONES OFF THE COAST OF OCEAN AND MONMOUTH COUNTIES. THIS IS IN  
EFFECT UNTIL 9 AM. FINALLY, EXPECT SOME HEAVY SHOWERS AND STORMS  
OVER THE WATERS THIS EVENING INTO TONIGHT AND THIS COULD  
PRODUCE LOCALIZED WIND GUSTS OVER 40 KNOTS.  
 
OUTLOOK...  
 
TUESDAY...ADVISORY CONDITIONS CONTINUING THROUGH MIDDAY WITH  
NORTHWEST WIND GUSTS 20-25 KTS AND SEAS REMAINING NEAR 4-6 FEET.  
CONDITIONS IMPROVING BY LATE IN THE DAY. THE SMALL CRAFT  
ADVISORY WAS EXTENDED TO COVER THIS PERIOD.  
 
TUESDAY NIGHT THROUGH WEDNESDAY...NO MARINE HAZARDS EXPECTED.  
 
WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH THURSDAY NIGHT...ADVISORY CONDITIONS  
LIKELY. WIND GUSTS UP TO 30 KTS AND SEAS BUILDING 4-6 FEET.  
SCATTERED SHOWERS WITH THUNDERSTORMS POSSIBLE THURSDAY NIGHT.  
 
FRIDAY...NO MARINE HAZARDS EXPECTED. CHANCES FOR SHOWERS.  
 
 
   
TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING  
 
CONTINUED ONSHORE WINDS AND ELEVATED ASTRONOMICAL TIDES FROM THE  
RECENT NEW MOON COULD LEAD TO SOME SOME SPOTTY MINOR COASTAL  
FLOODING WITH TONIGHT'S HIGH TIDE, MAINLY FOR MIDDLESEX,  
MONMOUTH, OCEAN COUNTIES, AS WELL AS DELAWARE BAY AND THE TIDAL  
DELAWARE RIVER. HOWEVER, ANY IMPACTS ARE ANTICIPATED TO BE  
LIMITED AT MOST, AND NO ADVISORIES ARE CURRENTLY ANTICIPATED.  
 
 
   
CLIMATE  
 
LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL IS FORECAST ACROSS THE FORECAST AREA  
TODAY. BELOW IS A LIST OF THE DAILY PRECIPITATION RECORDS FOR  
MARCH 31ST.  
 
ALLENTOWN (ABE) 1.80" IN 2022  
AC AIRPORT (ACY) 1.46" IN 2017  
AC MARINA (55N) 1.22" IN 1958  
GEORGETOWN (GED) 1.70" IN 2002  
MOUNT POCONO (MPO) 1.41" IN 2022  
PHILADELPHIA (PHL) 1.57" IN 1980  
READING (RDG) 1.50" IN 1934  
TRENTON (TTN) 1.48" IN 1997  
WILMINGTON (ILG) 1.75" IN 2017  
 
 
   
PHI WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES  
 
PA...NONE.  
NJ...NONE.  
DE...NONE.  
MD...NONE.  
MARINE...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY UNTIL 1 PM EDT TUESDAY FOR ANZ430-431.  
SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY UNTIL 4 PM EDT TUESDAY FOR ANZ450>455.  
 
 
 
 
 
SYNOPSIS...STAARMANN  
NEAR TERM...AKL/FITZSIMMONS/MJL  
SHORT TERM...STAARMANN  
LONG TERM...STAARMANN  
AVIATION...FITZSIMMONS/STAARMANN  
MARINE...FITZSIMMONS/JOHNSON/MJL/STAARMANN  
TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...  
CLIMATE...  
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