132  
FXUS63 KLSX 241105  
AFDLSX  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION...UPDATED AVIATION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAINT LOUIS MO  
605 AM CDT WED APR 24 2024  
   
UPDATE
 
 
ISSUED AT 400 AM CDT WED APR 24 2024  
 
THE EARLIER ISSUED DENSE FOG ADVISORY HAS BEEN CANCELED.  
VISIBILITY HAS IMPROVED ACROSS THE REGION. SOME PATCHY AREAS OF  
FOG REMAIN, BUT THEY ARE LOCALIZED AND IMPROVING.  
 
KIMBLE  
 

 
   
KEY MESSAGES
 
 
- MULTIPLE ROUNDS OF THUNDERSTORMS, SOME SEVERE, ARE EXPECTED LATE  
THIS WEEK AND THIS WEEKEND. WHILE WE CANNOT RULE OUT SEVERE  
WEATHER JUST ABOUT ANYTIME FROM EARLY FRIDAY MORNING THROUGH  
SUNDAY, WE ARE FOCUSED ON TWO PRIMARY PERIODS:  
 
- THUNDERSTORMS FRIDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING WILL POSE A  
CONDITIONAL THREAT FOR ALL SEVERE WEATHER HAZARDS. THE  
GREATEST UNCERTAINTY IS WHETHER THESE THUNDERSTORMS WILL FORM IN  
OUR AREA AFTER ACTIVITY EARLIER IN THE DAY.  
 
- THUNDERSTORMS SUNDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING WILL POSE A THREAT  
FOR ALL SEVERE WEATHER HAZARDS INCLUDING TORNADOES. THE GREATEST  
UNCERTAINTY WITH THIS IS RELATED TO THE TIMING OF A COLD FRONT.  
THE THREAT COULD BE FOCUSED IN OUR AREA OR TO OUR WEST. WITH A  
SLOWER FRONT, THE THREAT COULD CONTINUE INTO MONDAY.  
 

 
   
SHORT TERM
 
(THROUGH LATE THURSDAY AFTERNOON)  
ISSUED AT 315 AM CDT WED APR 24 2024  
 
EARLY THIS MORNING WE FIND OURSELVES WITHIN AN AREA OF SURFACE HIGH  
PRESSURE CENTERED NEAR THE WESTERN GREAT LAKES IN THE WAKE OF  
YESTERDAY'S COLD FRONT. AREAS OF DENSE FOG EARLY THIS MORNING, DUE  
TO LEFTOVER MOISTURE AFTER YESTERDAY'S RAIN, IS ERODING FROM NORTH  
TO SOUTH AS DRY ADVECTION EVENTUALLY WINS OUT. THIS FOG GIVES WAY TO  
A MOSTLY CLEAR SKY TODAY WITH PERHAPS SOME AFTERNOON CUMULUS.  
TEMPERATURES TOP OUT NEAR OR JUST BELOW SEASONAL AVERAGES, IN THE  
60S TO LOW 70S. TONIGHT SHOULD BE OUR COOLEST NIGHT OF THIS AIR MASS  
AS SURFACE HIGH PRESSURE BEGINS TO MOVES EAST THROUGH THE GREAT  
LAKES WITH OUR AREA ON THE SOUTHWEST PERIPHERY. DEWPOINTS IN THE 40S  
SUGGEST THAT LOWS SHOULD SIMILARLY BE IN THE 40S, BUT PARTS OF  
CENTRAL ILLINOIS COULD SEE SOME 30S CLOSER TO THE SURFACE HIGH.  
 
ON THURSDAY, THE INITIAL RUMBLINGS (NO PUN INTENDED) OF AN UPCOMING  
ACTIVE WEATHER PERIOD WILL SHOW UP TO OUR WEST. MOISTURE SURGING  
BACK NORTHWARD THROUGH THE PLAINS WILL SET OFF SHOWERS AND  
THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS KANSAS DURING THE DAY ON THURSDAY. WITH MID  
LEVEL FLOW OUT OF THE WNW, CLOUDS AND REMNANT SHOWERS WILL HAVE A  
TENDENCY TO DRIFT DOWNSTREAM ACROSS MISSOURI AND POTENTIALLY INTO  
OUR AREA. WE'LL STILL BE IN THE COOLER, DRIER AIR MASS WITH LITTLE  
TO NO INSTABILITY, SO WE EXPECT ANY STRONG TO SEVERE STORMS ON  
THURSDAY TO REMAIN WELL TO OUR WEST. WITH THE POTENTIAL FOR MORE  
CLOUD COVER, ESPECIALLY OVER CENTRAL MISSOURI, TEMPERATURES MAY  
ACTUALLY BE A FEW DEGREES COOLER THAN WEDNESDAY, MAINLY IN THE  
60S.  
 
KIMBLE  
 

 
   
LONG TERM
 
(THURSDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY)  
ISSUED AT 315 AM CDT WED APR 24 2024  
 
BIG PICTURE OVERVIEW:  
AS UPPER RIDGING MOVES EAST A TROUGH WILL MOVE INTO THE  
SOUTHWESTERN US WITH MULTIPLE SHORTWAVE TROUGHS EXITING THROUGH  
THE PLAINS LATE THIS WEEK AND THROUGH THE WEEKEND. GULF OF MEXICO  
MOISTURE SPREADS NORTH AND EAST ACROSS THE PLAINS AND INTO THE  
MISSISSIPPI VALLEY SETTING UP AN UNSTABLE ENVIRONMENT CAPABLE OF  
PRODUCING THUNDERSTORMS EACH DAY. WITH A PREDOMINANTLY SOUTHERLY  
FLOW AT THE SURFACE AND MODERATE TO OCCASIONALLY STRONG  
SOUTHWESTERLY FLOW ALOFT, ENOUGH SHEAR WILL ALSO EXIST TO PRODUCED  
ORGANIZED STRONG TO SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS. AS EACH SHORTWAVE TROUGH  
MOVES THROUGH THE PLAINS IT AND ITS RELATED FRONTS WILL SERVE AS  
FOCUSING AREAS FOR THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITY. THE TIMING OF THESE  
WAVES AND THE RECOVERY OF THE AIR MASS IN BETWEEN WAVES ARE THE  
PRIMARY SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY FOR THE THREATS EACH DAY. WHILE WE  
CANNOT RULE OUT THUNDERSTORMS JUST ABOUT ANY TIME AS WE REMAIN IN  
THE UNSTABLE AIR MASS, THE FOCUS FOR OUR AREA IS ON TWO PRIMARY  
PERIODS: FRIDAY AFTERNOON AND SUNDAY EVENING.  
 
THURSDAY NIGHT INTO FRIDAY MORNING:  
THE BETTER LOW LEVEL MOISTURE MAKES ITS INITIAL SURGE NORTHEAST  
INTO AND THROUGH OUR AREA ALONG AN ILL-DEFINED WARM FRONT AS A  
SHORTWAVE TROUGH MOVES INTO THE NORTHERN PLAINS. WE WILL SEE AREAS  
OF SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS IN THIS MOIST ADVECTION PARTICULARLY  
ALONG AND AHEAD OF THE WARM FRONT. IN THIS SORT OF SCENARIO,  
THUNDERSTORMS WOULD BE ELEVATED IN NATURE AND POSE PRIMARILY A  
HAIL THREAT DEPENDING ON THE AVAILABLE INSTABILITY. AT THE MOMENT,  
MODELS ARE NOT VERY AGGRESSIVE WITH THE INSTABILITY WITH THIS  
INITIAL MOISTURE PUSH, PERHAPS IN PART DUE TO A POTENTIAL  
THUNDERSTORM COMPLEX OVER SOUTHWEST MISSOURI LATE THURSDAY INTO  
THURSDAY EVENING WEAKENING THE MOISTURE GRADIENT AS IT MOVES  
THROUGH OUR AREA LATE THURSDAY NIGHT INTO FRIDAY MORNING. WHILE IT  
DOESN'T LOOK GREAT RIGHT NOW, WE DON'T PLACE TOO MUCH FAITH ON  
LOWER RESOLUTION LONG RANGE MODELS TO RESOLVE THIS SORT OF  
ELEVATED INSTABILITY AND SO WE REMAIN ALERT FOR AT LEAST A  
CONDITIONAL THREAT OF HAIL WITH THIS OPENING ROUND OF  
THUNDERSTORMS.  
 
FRIDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING:  
WE WILL LIKELY SEE AT LEAST SOME DAYTIME HEATING ON FRIDAY TO  
HELP DESTABILIZE THE NEWLY ARRIVED MOIST AIR MASS AND GENERATE  
SURFACE BASED INSTABILITY FRIDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING. HOW MUCH  
DESTABILIZATION OCCURS AND WHERE IT OCCURS DEPENDS IN PART ON THE  
CONVECTION EARLIER IN THE DAY ON FRIDAY. THE BETTER FORCING WITH  
THE SHORTWAVE TROUGH WILL BE EXITING TO THE NORTHEAST THROUGH THE  
DAY, AND THERE ARE NO OTHER OBVIOUS LOW LEVEL FEATURES TO TRIGGER  
CONVECTION IN OUR AREA. THUNDERSTORM INITIATION IN OUR AREA FRIDAY  
AFTERNOON WOULD DEPEND ON OTHER MORE SUBTLE BOUNDARIES THAT MAY  
LOCALLY DEVELOP. CONVECTIVE INITIATION IS MORE LIKELY FURTHER TO  
THE WEST ALONG THE DRYLINE IN KANSAS AND OKLAHOMA WITH THESE  
POTENTIALLY TRACKING INTO OUR AREA FRIDAY EVENING. THERE SHOULD BE  
ENOUGH SHEAR AVAILABLE FOR SUPERCELLS, ALTHOUGH THEY MAY BEGIN  
MERGING INTO A BROADER CONVECTIVE COMPLEX BEFORE THEY ARRIVE. THE  
PRIMARY THREAT WITH STORMS DURING THIS PERIOD WOULD BE LARGE HAIL  
AND DAMAGING WINDS, ALTHOUGH AN ISOLATED TORNADO COULD NOT BE  
RULED OUT GIVEN THE AVAILABLE DIRECTIONAL SHEAR.  
 
SATURDAY NIGHT:  
SHORTWAVE RIDGING IN THE WAKE OF FRIDAY'S SHORTWAVE TROUGH WILL  
PROMOTE SUBSIDENCE AND A CAPPING INVERSION ACROSS OUR AREA DURING  
THE DAY ON SATURDAY. THIS WILL MAKE IT DIFFICULT FOR THUNDERSTORMS  
TO FORM DESPITE GOOD MOISTURE AND LIKELY THE STRONGEST HEATING OF  
THE PERIOD. WE MAY WELL SEE OUR GREATEST SURFACE BASED CAPE  
VALUES DURING THIS PERIOD, BUT WITHOUT A FOCUS OR A WEAKENED CAP  
IT WILL BE DIFFICULT TO TRIGGER CONVECTION IN OUR AREA ON  
SATURDAY. HOWEVER, CONVECTION IS EXPECTED TO FORM ALONG THE  
DRYLINE TO OUR WEST AS WELL AS ALONG A WARM FRONT IN THE VICINITY  
OF NORTHWEST MISSOURI AND SOUTHERN IOWA DURING THE EVENING. OUR  
BEST CHANCE FOR THUNDERSTORMS SATURDAY NIGHT WILL BE WITH A  
DEVELOPING CONVECTIVE COMPLEX ASSOCIATED WITH THE ACTIVITY TO OUR  
WEST WHICH COULD THEN TRACK INTO THE NORTHERN PORTION OF OUR  
FORECAST AREA OVERNIGHT SATURDAY NIGHT. THIS WOULD PRIMARILY POSE  
A THREAT FOR DAMAGING WINDS, ALTHOUGH A QLCS TORNADO WOULD ALSO BE  
POSSIBLE.  
 
SUNDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING:  
AS THE NEXT SHORTWAVE TROUGH MOVES INTO THE NORTHERN PLAINS ON  
SUNDAY IT WILL FINALLY SEND A CLEARING COLD FRONT SOUTHEASTWARD.  
THUNDERSTORM INITIATION IS EXPECTED IN THE WARM SECTOR AHEAD OF  
THIS FRONT ON SUNDAY, WITH THE AVAILABLE SHEAR AND INSTABILITY  
FAVORING SUPERCELLS CONGEALING INTO A BROADER CONVECTIVE COMPLEX.  
ALL SEVERE WEATHER HAZARDS WOULD BE POSSIBLE WITH THESE INCLUDING  
LARGE HAIL, TORNADOES, AND DAMAGING WINDS. THERE COULD ALSO BE A  
THREAT FOR LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL WITH TRAINING THUNDERSTORMS. THE  
BIGGEST SOURCE OF UNCERTAINTY FOR THIS PERIOD IS WHERE THE COLD  
FRONT WILL BE AND BY EXTENSION WHERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL INITIATE.  
THERE REMAINS CONSIDERABLE UNCERTAINTY IN THE GUIDANCE ON HOW  
QUICKLY THE FRONT MOVES THROUGH, WITH A SLIGHT TREND EMERGING  
FAVORING HOLDING THE FRONT OFF TO OUR WEST. IF THE FRONT IS  
SLOWER, THEN THE MAIN SEVERE WEATHER THREATS ON SUNDAY MAY BE TO  
OUR WEST AND THERE COULD BE A RENEWED THREAT IN OUR AREA LINGERING  
INTO MONDAY. IF THE FRONT IS CLOSER TO OR IN OUR AREA THEN THE  
PRIMARY SEVERE WEATHER THREATS WOULD BE IN OUR AREA AS WELL WITH  
THE CLEARING FRONT ELIMINATING THE THREAT FOR MONDAY.  
 
ONCE THE FRONT MOVES THROUGH WE WILL SEE THE MOISTURE PUSHED OFF TO  
OUR SOUTH AND END OUR DAILY THREATS FOR THUNDERSTORMS. THE AIR MASS  
BEHIND THIS FRONT HAS ORIGINS IN THE PACIFIC (NOT COLD) WITH A  
TRAJECTORY THROUGH THE WESTERN MOUNTAINS (DRY) SO WE WON'T SEE A  
NOTICEABLE TEMPERATURE DROP BEHIND IT. IN FACT, RIDGING BUILDS BACK  
IN QUICKLY BEHIND THE DEPARTED TROUGH OPENING US BACK UP TO EVEN  
WARMER TEMPERATURES FOR THE MIDDLE OF NEXT WEEK.  
 
KIMBLE  
 

 
   
AVIATION
 
(FOR THE 12Z TAFS THROUGH 12Z THURSDAY MORNING)  
ISSUED AT 605 AM CDT WED APR 24 2024  
 
POCKETS OF FOG EARLY THIS MORNING AT VALLEY TERMINALS WILL BURN  
OFF QUICKLY THIS MORNING, BY AROUND 12Z. WINDS BECOME LIGHT OUT OF  
THE NORTH UNDER VFR CONDITIONS. A BACK DOOR COLD FRONT IS MOVING  
SOUTHWEST THROUGH NORTHERN ILLINOIS THIS MORNING WITH SOME MVFR  
CEILINGS BEHIND IT. THIS IS EXPECTED TO LOSE ITS PUSH SOUTHWEST  
WITH TIME AND CLOUDS DISSIPATE BEFORE REACHING ANY OF THE TAF  
TERMINALS. IF IT DOES MAKE IT IN, IT WILL LIKELY BE FOR A BRIEF  
WINDOW OF MVFR CEILINGS. AS WINDS GO LIGHT AGAIN TONIGHT WE COULD  
SEE FOG FORM AT VALLEY LOCATIONS ONCE AGAIN.  
 
KIMBLE  
 

 
   
LSX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES
 
 
MO...NONE.  
IL...NONE.  

 
 

 
 
WFO LSX  
 
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