596  
FGUS73 KDLH 271545  
ESFDLH  
MNC001-017-021-031-035-061-071-075-115-137-WIC003-007-013-031-051-  
099-113-129-280345-  
 
PROBABILISTIC HYDROLOGIC OUTLOOK  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DULUTH MN  
945 AM CST THU FEB 27 2025  
   
..SPRING FLOOD AND WATER RESOURCES OUTLOOK NUMBER TWO  
 
THIS OUTLOOK COVERS NE MINNESOTA AND NW WISCONSIN FOR RIVER FORECAST  
POINTS ON THE HEADWATERS OF THE MISSISSIPPI, CHIPPEWA, ST. CROIX,  
RAINY, AND KNIFE RIVERS.  
 
   
..CURRENT CONDITIONS  
 
MOST RIVER BASINS HAVE A NORMAL TO BELOW NORMAL AMOUNT OF WATER IN  
THE SNOWPACK. SOME AREAS ALONG THE NORTH SHORE HAVE NORMAL TO ABOVE  
NORMAL SNOWWATER. DROUGHT CONDITIONS PERSIST IN THE REGION DUE TO  
WELL BELOW NORMAL PRECIPITATION SINCE JULY. FALL RAINS SLIGHTLY  
IMPROVED THE DROUGHT CONDITION IN NOVEMBER. PRECIPITATION SINCE  
OCTOBER 1ST IS NEAR NORMAL. THE GROUND IS DEEPLY FROZEN DUE TO  
FREQUENT COLD SNAPS AND SHALLOW SNOW DEPTH. THIS IS A KEY FACTOR IN  
THIS SPRING'S FLOOD POTENTIAL. RIVERS ARE ICE COVERED WHICH COULD  
BE A FACTOR IN ICE JAM FLOODING.  
 
RECENT WARM TEMPERATURES AND STRONG WINDS HAVE DIMINISHED SNOW  
PACK ACROSS THE REGION. WHILE THE HEADWATERS OF THE MISSISSIPPI  
AND RAINY BASINS HAVE RETAINED SNOW THE CHIPPEWA RIVER HEADWATERS  
ARE SEEING SOME SNOW MELT RUNOFF. RIVERS AND STREAMS FEEDING LAKE  
SUPERIOR ARE ALSO SHOWING SIGNS OF SNOW MELT RUNOFF WITH MANY  
RIVERS SHOWING WATER FLOWING OVER ICE. THE KNIFE RIVER NEAR TWO  
HARBORS IS A GOOD EXAMPLE. MELT IS MAINLY OCCURRING IN THE LOWER  
TERRAIN ALONG THE NORTH SHORE. ACTIVE MELT HAS BEEN OBSERVED IN  
ALL OF NORTHWEST WISCONSIN AND AREAS SOUTH OF HIGHWAY 2 IN NORTH  
CENTRAL MINNESOTA.  
   
..CLIMATE OUTLOOK  
 
THROUGH MARCH 6TH EXPECT SOME ADDITIONAL SNOW ON FRIDAY FEBRUARY  
28TH MAINLY ACROSS THE MINNESOTA ARROWHEAD AND NORTHERN WISCONSIN. THE  
EASTERN MOST PORTIONS OF THE RAINY RIVER BASIN AND TIP OF THE  
MINNESOTA ARROWHEAD HAVE THE BEST CHANCE TO SEE STORM WATER  
EQUIVALENTS OF 0.25 INCHES OR GREATER. THE CLIMATE PREDICTION  
CENTER'S 2 WEEK OUTLOOKS SHOW ABOVE NORMAL TEMPERATURES AND NEAR  
TO ABOVE NORMAL PRECIPITATION. THE OUTLOOK FOR MARCH, APRIL AND  
MAY SHOW AN EQUAL CHANCE OF BOTH TEMPERATURES AND PRECIPITATION  
BEING ABOVE OR BELOW NORMAL.  
   
..SPRING FLOOD RISK  
 
THE SPRING FLOOD RISK IS NORMAL TO BELOW NORMAL AND HIGHEST IN  
NORTHEAST MINNESOTA. PRECIPITATION AND RATE OF MELT THROUGH EARLY  
SPRING WHILE THE GROUND IS STILL FROZEN IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT  
FLOOD RISK FACTORS. FROST DEPTHS OF 30 INCHES OR DEEPER ARE COMMON  
WHICH IS MUCH DEEPER THAN NORMAL. THE PRESENCE OF DEEP FROST AND ITS  
AFFECT ON SPRING RUNOFF ARE NOT EXPLICITLY ACCOUNTED FOR IN THE  
PROBABILITY OF FLOODING.  
 
THICK RIVER ICE IS PRESENT IN MANY AREA WATERWAYS. IF THIS ICE  
WERE LIFTED BY STRONG RIVER RISES SPRING BREAK UP ICE JAMS WOULD  
BE POSSIBLE. A SIGNIFICANT RAINFALL EVENT WOULD BE NEEDED TO CAUSE  
THIS SCENARIO. SPRING ICE JAM FLOODING IS DIFFICULT TO PREDICT  
AND CAN QUICKLY DEVELOP INTO A VERY HAZARDOUS SITUATION.  
 
IN TABLE 1 BELOW...THE CURRENT (CS) AND HISTORICAL (HS) OR NORMAL  
PROBABILITIES OF EXCEEDING MINOR...MODERATE...AND MAJOR FLOOD STAGES  
ARE LISTED FOR THE VALID TIME PERIOD.  
 
CS VALUES INDICATE THE PROBABILITY OF REACHING A FLOOD CATEGORY  
BASED ON CURRENT CONDITIONS.  
 
HS VALUES INDICATE THE PROBABILITY OF REACHING A FLOOD CATEGORY  
BASED ON HISTORICAL OR NORMAL CONDITIONS.  
 
WHEN THE VALUE OF CS IS MORE THAN HS...THE PROBABILITY OF  
EXCEEDING THAT LEVEL IS HIGHER THAN NORMAL. WHEN THE VALUE OF CS IS  
LESS THAN HS...THE PROBABILITY OF EXCEEDING THAT LEVEL IS LOWER  
THAN NORMAL.  
 
   
..TABLE 1--PROBABILITIES FOR MINOR...MODERATE AND MAJOR FLOODING  
 
VALID PERIOD: 03/03/2025 - 06/01/2025  
 
: CURRENT AND HISTORICAL  
: CHANCES OF EXCEEDING  
: FLOOD CATEGORIES  
: AS A PERCENTAGE (%)  
CATEGORICAL :  
FLOOD STAGES (FT) : MINOR MODERATE MAJOR  
LOCATION MINOR MOD MAJOR : CS HS CS HS CS HS  
-------- ----- ----- ----- : --- --- --- --- --- ---  
:PRAIRIE RIVER  
TACONITE 10.0 12.0 13.0 : <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  
:MISSISSIPPI RIVER  
AITKIN 13.0 15.0 18.0 : 12 52 5 31 <5 7  
FORT RIPLEY 10.5 12.5 26.0 : 14 41 <5 19 <5 <5  
:ST. CROIX RIVER  
DANBURY 7.0 8.5 10.0 : <5 8 <5 <5 <5 <5  
:SNAKE RIVER  
PINE CITY 9.0 10.0 11.0 : <5 8 <5 5 <5 <5  
:ST. LOUIS RIVER  
SCANLON 10.5 11.0 13.0 : <5 5 <5 <5 <5 <5  
:KNIFE RIVER  
NEAR TWO HARBORS 33.0 34.0 36.0 : <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  
:NEMADJI RIVER  
SOUTH OF SUPERIOR 24.0 26.0 28.0 : <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  
:TYLER FORKS  
MELLEN 9.0 10.0 12.0 : 25 35 14 25 <5 5  
:BAD RIVER  
NEAR ODANAH 16.0 18.0 20.0 : <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  
AT ODANAH 8.5 9.5 10.5 : <5 6 <5 <5 <5 <5  
:SOUTH KAWISHIWI RIVER  
ELY 6.5 7.5 8.5 : 8 25 <5 12 <5 <5  
:LITTLE FORK RIVER  
LITTLE FORK 22.0 24.0 26.0 : <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  
:VERMILION RIVER  
CRANE LAKE 14.0 16.0 18.0 : 7 14 <5 <5 <5 <5  
 
LEGEND  
CS = CONDITIONAL SIMULATION (CURRENT OUTLOOK)  
HS = HISTORICAL SIMULATION  
FT = FEET  
 
IN TABLE 2 BELOW...THE 95 THROUGH 5 PERCENT COLUMNS INDICATE THE  
PROBABILITY OF EXCEEDING THE LISTED STAGE LEVELS (FT) FOR THE VALID  
TIME PERIOD.  
   
..TABLE 2--EXCEEDENCE PROBABILITIES  
 
CHANCE OF EXCEEDING STAGES  
AT SPECIFIC LOCATIONS  
VALID PERIOD: 03/03/2025 - 06/01/2025  
LOCATION 95% 90% 75% 50% 25% 10% 5%  
-------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------  
:PRAIRIE RIVER  
TACONITE 3.7 4.1 4.6 5.5 6.8 8.1 8.3  
:MISSISSIPPI RIVER  
AITKIN 6.7 6.8 8.5 9.7 12.0 13.6 15.0  
FORT RIPLEY 5.8 6.1 6.6 7.9 9.0 10.8 11.9  
:ST. CROIX RIVER  
DANBURY 1.9 2.3 2.7 3.2 4.5 5.2 6.1  
:SNAKE RIVER  
PINE CITY 4.7 5.0 5.4 6.1 7.0 8.0 8.3  
:ST. LOUIS RIVER  
SCANLON 5.5 5.7 6.5 7.2 8.4 9.2 10.0  
:KNIFE RIVER  
NEAR TWO HARBORS 27.9 28.0 28.5 28.8 29.2 30.0 30.9  
:NEMADJI RIVER  
SOUTH OF SUPERIOR 10.4 11.8 13.3 15.0 19.0 22.1 22.9  
:TYLER FORKS  
MELLEN 6.1 6.5 7.3 7.8 9.0 10.5 11.4  
:BAD RIVER  
NEAR ODANAH 5.7 6.1 7.0 7.6 9.4 12.0 13.1  
AT ODANAH 3.7 3.9 4.4 5.0 6.2 7.3 8.0  
:SOUTH KAWISHIWI RIVER  
ELY 4.4 4.6 5.0 5.3 5.8 6.5 6.6  
:LITTLE FORK RIVER  
LITTLE FORK 5.7 6.5 6.8 8.3 10.3 12.5 15.0  
:VERMILION RIVER  
CRANE LAKE 8.9 9.9 10.4 11.1 12.2 13.2 14.3  
 
IN TABLE 3 BELOW...THE 95 THROUGH 5 PERCENT COLUMNS INDICATE THE  
PROBABILITY OF FALLING BELOW THE LISTED STAGE LEVELS (FT) FOR THE  
VALID TIME PERIOD.  
   
..TABLE 3--NONEXCEEDENCE PROBABILITIES  
 
CHANCE OF FALLING BELOW STAGES  
AT SPECIFIC LOCATIONS  
VALID PERIOD: 03/03/2025 - 06/01/2025  
LOCATION 95% 90% 75% 50% 25% 10% 5%  
-------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------  
:PRAIRIE RIVER  
TACONITE 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1  
:MISSISSIPPI RIVER  
AITKIN 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.6  
FORT RIPLEY 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.2  
:ST. CROIX RIVER  
DANBURY 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8  
:SNAKE RIVER  
PINE CITY 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1  
:ST. LOUIS RIVER  
SCANLON 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.9  
:KNIFE RIVER  
NEAR TWO HARBORS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0  
:NEMADJI RIVER  
SOUTH OF SUPERIOR 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0  
:TYLER FORKS  
MELLEN 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0  
:BAD RIVER  
NEAR ODANAH 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1  
AT ODANAH 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2  
:SOUTH KAWISHIWI RIVER  
ELY 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1  
:LITTLE FORK RIVER  
LITTLE FORK 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1  
:VERMILION RIVER  
CRANE LAKE 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1  
 
THESE LONG-RANGE PROBABILISTIC OUTLOOKS CONTAIN FORECAST VALUES THAT  
ARE CALCULATED USING MULTIPLE SEASON SCENARIOS FROM 30 OR MORE YEARS  
OF CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA...INCLUDING CURRENT CONDITIONS OF THE  
RIVER...SOIL MOISTURE...SNOW COVER...AND 30 TO 90 DAY LONG-RANGE  
OUTLOOKS OF TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION. BY PROVIDING A RANGE OF  
PROBABILITIES...THE LEVEL OF RISK ASSOCIATED WITH LONG-RANGE PLANNING  
DECISIONS CAN BE DETERMINED. THESE PROBABILISTIC FORECASTS ARE PART  
OF THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE'S ADVANCED HYDROLOGIC PREDICTION  
SERVICE.  
 
VISIT OUR WEB SITE WEATHER.GOV/DLH FOR MORE WEATHER AND WATER  
INFORMATION.  
 
FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON STREAM FLOW CONDITIONS FOR USGS  
LOCATIONS PLEASE REFERENCE HTTPS://DASHBOARD.WATERDATA.USGS.GOV  
FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON STREAM FLOW CONDITIONS AT MNDNR SITES  
WWW.DNR.STATE.MN.US/WATERS/CSG/INDEX.HTML  
OR  
WWW.CLIMATE.UMN.EDU/DOW/WEEKLY_STREAM_FLOW/STREAM_FLOW_WEEKLY.ASP  
FOR MORE INFORMATION ON CLIMATE OUTLOOKS REFERENCE  
WWW.CPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV  
 
THE NEXT OUTLOOK WILL BE ISSUED MARCH 13TH.  
 
 
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