277  
FXUS61 KCTP 220351  
AFDCTP  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PA  
1051 PM EST SAT DEC 21 2024  
   
SYNOPSIS
 
 
* SCATTERED LAKE EFFECT & UPSLOPE SNOW SHOWERS LINGER INTO THIS  
EVENING  
* COLDEST AIRMASS OF THE SEASON SO FAR BRINGS SINGLE DIGIT LOW  
TEMPERATURES BY MONDAY MORNING  
* CHRISTMAS EVE SYSTEM WITH MIXED PRECIP IMPACTS TRAVEL WHILE  
TEMPERATURES CONTINUE TO MODERATE THROUGH THE END OF THE WEEK.  
 

 
   
NEAR TERM /THROUGH SUNDAY/
 
 
10 PM UPDATE... A COUPLE OF CHANGES WERE MADE LATE THIS EVENING.  
 
A LAKE HURON-ERIE CONNECTED BAND HAS RECENTLY INTENSIFIED FROM  
WEST-CENTRAL PA INTO SOUTHERN CAMBRIA/NORTHERN SOMERSET  
COUNTIES. THIS BAND IS LIKELY TO PERSIST UNTIL CLOSE TO  
MIDNIGHT, WITH GOOD LAKE GENERATED INSTABILITY, SOME SYNOPTIC  
UPGLIDE FROM A PASSING SHORT-WAVE, AND A SUFFICIENCY OF LOW-  
LEVEL MOISTURE. A QUICK 1-2" OF SNOW IS POSSIBLE OVER THE NEXT  
COUPLE OF HOURS AND A SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT WAS WRITTEN TO  
ADDRESS THIS.  
 
LATER TONIGHT, WE STILL EXPECT LAKE BANDS TO WEAKEN AND CONTRACT  
BACK TOWARDS THE NORTHWEST, AS DRYING, SUBSIDENCE, AND WEAKENING  
FLOW TAKE HOLD.  
 
THE OTHER ISSUE IS RAPIDLY FALLING TEMPERATURES (ALREADY DOWN  
NEAR ZERO OVER PARTS OF THE NORTHERN TIER AS OF 10 PM).  
ESPECIALLY WHERE SKIES ARE CLEAR TO THE EAST AND THERE IS SOME  
FRESH SNOW COVER, WE NOW HAVE LOWS LARGELY IN THE SINGLE DIGITS  
BY DAYBREAK, WITH SOME SUB-ZERO READINGS IN PARTS OF POTTER,  
TIOGA, AND SULLIVAN COUNTIES.  
 
7 PM UPDATE... AS EVIDENCED BY RECENT AIRCRAFT SOUNDINGS ACROSS  
PA AND OH, AS WELL AS REGIONAL RADAR TRENDS, LAKE ENHANCED  
STREAMERS OFF HURON AND ERIE ARE GRADUALLY WEAKENING THIS  
EVENING, OWING TO DRY ADVECTION/SUBSIDENCE JUST ABOVE THE  
BOUNDARY LAYER. WE ANTICIPATE A CONTINUED REDUCTION OF SNOW  
SHOWERS/FLURRIES OVER THE LAUREL HIGHLANDS OVER THE NEXT FEW  
HOURS, AS THE CAPPING INVERSION LOWERS AND OVERALL MOISTURE  
DEPTHS DECREASE.  
 
ELSEWHERE ACROSS NORTHWEST AND CENTRAL PA, PERSISTENT  
STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS OVER THE ALLEGHENIES AND THE NORTHERN TIER  
SHOULD HANG IN MUCH OF THE NIGHT, PERHAPS WITH SOME CLEARING  
DURING THE PRE-DAWN HOURS. MAINLY CLEAR SKIES ANTICIPATED  
ELSEWHERE.  
 
ALTHOUGH BRISK WINDS WILL SLOWLY SUBSIDE FROM WEST TO EAST, IT  
WILL BE A VERY COLD NIGHT, WITH AIR TEMPERATURES DOWN INTO THE  
SINGLE DIGITS OVER THE NORTHERN TIER AND THE TEENS IN THE  
SUSQUEHANNA VALLEY. APPARENT TEMPERATURES WILL GENERALLY RANGE  
FROM FIVE BELOW TO ABOUT 10 ABOVE ZERO MUCH OF THE TIME.  
 
PREVIOUS DISCUSSION... THE BASE OF AN UPPER TROUGH IS ROTATING  
THROUGH CENTRAL PA TODAY AND GENERATING WIDESPREAD LAKE-ENHANCED  
STREAMER BANDS THROUGHOUT THE FORECAST AREA. OCCASIONAL  
REDUCTIONS IN VISIBILITY AND A QUICK DUSTING OF SNOW HAVE BEEN  
OBSERVED ON SOME OF THE ROAD WEATHER CAMERAS AROUND THE STATE SO  
FAR. THESE SNOW SHOWERS WILL GRADUALLY TAPER OFF INTO THE  
EVENING AS THE UPPER TROUGH MOVES EAST. LINGERING LAKE- ENHANCED  
OROGRAPHIC SNOW SHOWERS MAY LINGER INTO THE OVERNIGHT HOURS  
ACROSS THE LAUREL HIGHLANDS AND NORTHERN MOUNTAINS. MAIN AREA OF  
CONCERN THROUGH THE AFTERNOON IS A HEFTY BAND WITH A LAKE HURON  
TO LAKE ERIE CONNECTION THAT HAS ALREADY BROUGHT A QUICK  
ACCUMULATION OF 3+ INCHES NORTH OF PITTSBURGH. THAT BAND IS  
POINTING RIGHT TOWARD EXTREME SOUTHWEST SOMERSET COUNTY AND  
COULD DROP 2 TO 3 INCHES OF SNOW THERE THROUGH DINNER TIME. AS  
SUCH, HAVE ISSUED A SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT TO REFLECT THE  
REDUCED VISIBILITIES, ACCUMULATING SNOW POTENTIAL, AND RAPIDLY-  
CHANGING WEATHER CONDITIONS FOR MOTORISTS.  
 
A DEEPENING SURFACE LOW LIFTING INTO THE CANADIAN MARITIMES  
HAS PRODUCED A FAIRLY TIGHT PRESSURE GRADIENT OVER PA TODAY,  
WITH GUSTY NORTHWEST WINDS. BUFKIT SOUNDINGS SUGGEST 20 TO 30KT  
GUSTS ARE LIKELY, MAINLY DURING THE AFTERNOON HOURS. EARLY  
MORNING SATELLITE IMAGERY IS SHOWING DEVELOPING BREAKS IN THE  
STRATOCU, ESPECIALLY EAST OF THE ALLEGHENIES. HOWEVER, DIURNAL  
HEATING AND COLD TEMPS ALOFT SHOULD RESULT IN CLOUDS FILLING IN  
EARLY THIS AFTERNOON, WITH MOSTLY CLOUDY SKIES EVEN ACROSS THE  
SUSQ VALLEY AT TIMES.  
 
CLOUD COVER AND LOW LEVEL COLD ADVECTION SHOULD RESULT IN  
LITTLE WARMING TODAY. MIXING DOWN MODEL 850MB TEMPS OF  
-14C TO -16C YIELDS EXPECTED HIGHS FROM ONLY AROUND 20F ACROSS  
THE N MTNS, TO THE LOW 30S IN THE LOWER SUSQ VALLEY. THE GUSTY  
NORTHWEST WIND SHOULD RESULT IN MIDDAY WIND CHILLS IN THE SINGLE  
DIGITS OVER THE N MTNS AND TEENS MOST OTHER LOCATIONS.  
 

 
   
SHORT TERM /SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY NIGHT/
 
 
DWINDLING LAKE EFFECT SNOW SHOWERS/FLURRIES OVER THE NW  
MTNS/LAUREL HIGHLANDS ARE EXPECTED TONIGHT, AS HIGH PRESSURE  
APPROACHES FROM THE GREAT LAKES. THE COLD WILL BE THE MAIN  
STORY, WITH MIN TEMPS IN THE SINGLE DIGITS OVER THE N MTNS TO  
MID TEENS IN THE SOUTHEAST COUNTIES. ALTHOUGH WINDS ARE EXPECTED  
TO DIMINISH TONIGHT, RADIATIONAL COOLING WILL NOT BE IDEAL DUE  
TO A LINGERING BREEZE OVER THE EASTERN COUNTIES AND LINGERING  
LAKE EFFECT STRATOCU OVER THE LAURELS AND NW MTNS.  
 
MOSTLY SUNNY AND COLD WEATHER WITH LIGHT WINDS ARE EXPECTED  
SUNDAY, AS HIGH PRESSURE BUILDS OVER THE STATE. GEFS 2M TEMP  
ANOMALIES ARE 10-15 DEGREES BELOW AVERAGE, TRANSLATING TO HIGHS  
RANGING FROM THE MID TO UPPER TEENS OVER THE N MTNS, TO THE MID  
AND UPPER 20S IN THE VALLEYS OF SOUTHERN PA. EVEN THOUGH HIGHS  
WILL BE SEVERAL DEGREES BELOW THOSE OF SATURDAY, THE  
COMBINATION OF SUNSHINE AND LIGHTER WINDS MAY ACTUALLY MAKE IT  
SLIGHTLY MORE PLEASANT TO BE OUTSIDE ON SUNDAY AFTERNOON.  
 
WITH HIGH PRESSURE OVERNIGHT SUNDAY NIGHT, IDEAL CONDITIONS FOR  
RADIATIONAL COOLING WILL UNDOUBTEDLY LEAD TO THE COLDEST LOW  
TEMPERATURES YET THIS WINTER BY MONDAY MORNING. LOWS WILL  
GENERALLY BE IN THE SINGLE DIGITS WITH BELOW ZERO TEMPERATURES  
FAVORED IN NORTHEAST PA.  
 
RETURN SOUTHERLY FLOW BEHIND THE DEPARTING HIGH WILL HELP  
TEMPERATURES REBOUND SOME ON MONDAY AS HIGH CLOUDS STREAM IN  
AHEAD OF THE NEXT SYSTEM. CURRENT MEDIUM RANGE GUIDANCE  
INDICATES MOST OF THE DAY WILL BE DRY, BUT PRECIPITATION COULD  
ARRIVE IN NORTHWEST PA BY MONDAY EVENING.  
 
A FAIRLY FAST MOVING, NORTHERN STREAM SHORTWAVE WILL CROSS PA  
LATE MONDAY INTO TUESDAY AND BRING SOME LIGHT SNOW TO THE AREA.  
BEST CHANCE FOR -SN AND A LIGHT ACCUM OF A COATING TO 2 INCHES  
WILL BE ACROSS THE NORTHERN MTNS OF THE STATE. SOME TRAVEL  
DISRUPTIONS ARE POSSIBLE FOR I-80, BUT SIGNIFICANT ACCUMULATIONS  
APPEAR UNLIKELY AT THIS POINT. GFS AND ITS ENSEMBLES ARE  
FARTHER NORTH WITH THE TRACK OF THE MID AND UPPER LEVEL TROUGH,  
BUT QPF ALONG THE TRAILING COLD FRONT LEADS TO A SIMILAR  
OUTCOME TO THE EC WITH RESPECT TO SNOW PROBS/AMOUNTS.  
 

 
   
LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/
 
 
ON THE LARGE-SCALE, THE AMPLIFIED, COLD EASTERN  
CANADIAN/NORTHEASTERN CONUS UPPER TROUGH DOMINATING AT THE  
PRESENT TIME SHOULD BE A THING OF THE PAST BY CHRISTMAS DAY, AS  
THIS FEATURE LIFTS OUT INTO THE NORTHERN ATLANTIC. IT WILL  
REPLACED BY BUILDING HEIGHTS AND A GENERALLY MORE ZONAL FLOW  
PATTERN ALOFT. THIS TRANSLATES INTO MORE SEASONABLE TEMPERATURES  
FOR LATE DECEMBER ACROSS PA, EVEN TRENDING ABOVE CLIMO TOWARDS  
NEXT WEEKEND.  
 
AS FOR THE SENSIBLE WEATHER, THERE IS INCREASING CONFIDENCE THAT  
SURFACE HIGH PRESSURE FROM SOUTHEASTERN CANADA DOWN INTO THE  
NORTHEASTERN U.S. WILL KEEP THE WEATHER DRY FOR THE COMMONWEALTH  
FROM CHRISTMAS DAY INTO AT LEAST THURSDAY.  
 
UNCERTAINTY GROWS LATER IN THE WEEK, AS LOW-LEVEL EASTERLY FLOW  
AND THE APPROACH OF WEAK SHORT-WAVE ENERGY FROM THE MIDWEST  
COULD BRING BOUTS OF LIGHT PRECIPITATION, ESPECIALLY FOR  
SOUTHERN AND WESTERN SECTIONS OF THE STATE. AT THIS EARLY  
JUNCTURE, LIGHT RAIN APPEARS TO BE THE MOST PROBABLE  
PRECIPITATION TYPE, BUT POCKETS OF LIGHT WINTRY MIX ARE NOT BY  
ANY MEANS OFF THE TABLE.  
 

 
   
AVIATION /04Z SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/
 
 
AS EXPECTED, BANDS OF SNOW SHOWERS ARE ON THE DECREASE  
EARLY THIS EVENING. MAIN IMPACTS WOULD BE VERY BRIEF DROP IN  
VISIBILITIES BELOW 2 MILES, AT SPOTS LIKE BFD AND PERHAPS JST.  
EXPECT MOST IF NOT ALL THE ACTIVITY TO BE OVER WITH BY MIDNIGHT.  
LIKEWISE, WINDS WILL SLOWLY WEAKEN OVERNIGHT.  
 
LOW CIGS WILL LIKELY OCCUR FROM TIME TO TIME AT JST  
AND BFD, PERHAPS FOR A BRIEF TIME AT AOO AND UNV INTO  
EARLY SUNDAY MORNING. FURTHER EAST, MAINLY CLEAR SKIES  
WILL PREVAIL.  
 
HIGH PRESSURE BUILDING INTO THE AREA ON SUNDAY SHOULD  
GIVE MOST PLENTY OF SUNSHINE. EXPECT LOW CIGS AT SPOTS  
LIKE JST AND BFD TO BE GONE BY EARLY AFT.  
 
LIGHT WINDS AND CLEAR SKIES EXPECTED FOR SUNDAY NIGHT INTO  
THE FIRST PART OF MONDAY.  
 
MAIN ISSUE FOR THE AREA AFTER MONDAY WOULD BE FOR LOWER  
CIGS AND EVEN SOME MIXED PRECIPITATION FROM TIME TO TIME,  
MAINLY AFTER EARLY MONDAY EVENING, AS A MILDER AND HIGHER  
DEWPOINT AIRMASS WORKS INTO THE AREA.  
 
OUTLOOK...  
 
MON...NO SIG WX.  
 
TUE...SNOW ENTERS W PA AM, OVERSPREADS AREA BY AFTERNOON.  
 
WED...NO SIG WX.  
 
WED NIGHT...PATCHY FREEZING RAIN POSSIBLE.  
 
THU...LIGHT RAIN POSSIBLE SOUTH.  
 

 
   
CTP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES
 
 
NONE.  
 

 
 

 
 
SYNOPSIS...BANGHOFF  
NEAR TERM...JUREWICZ/FITZGERALD/BANGHOFF  
SHORT TERM...FITZGERALD/BANGHOFF  
LONG TERM...JUREWICZ  
AVIATION...MARTIN  
 
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