411  
FXUS61 KCTP 190534  
AFDCTP  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PA  
134 AM EDT SUN JUL 19 2026  
   
WHAT HAS CHANGED
 
 
* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH #492 IN EFFECT UNTIL 01Z SUNDAY  
 
* EXPANDED THE FLASH FLOOD WATCH (UNTIL MIDNIGHT EDT TONIGHT)  
NORTH TO COVER ALL OF THE CWA WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE  
NORTHERN TIER COUNTIES - BASED ON THIS MORNINGS MCS AND  
ADDITIONAL SEVERAL ROUNDS OF STORMS WITH VERY HEAVY RAINFALL  
RATES THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING AS A WARM FRONT OVER THE  
ALLEGHENIES MOVES SLOWLY ACROSS CENTRAL PA  
 
* TORNADO RISK IS STILL 5% CHC OF A TORNADO W/IN 25 MILES OF A  
POINT), BUT THE CONDITIONAL INTENSITY GROUP 1 HAS BEEN  
INTRODUCED S & E OF HARRISBURG  
 
* DAMAGING WIND GUST THREAT IS HIGH (45% CHC OF WIND DAMAGE W/IN  
25 MILES OF ANY POINT) OVER ALMOST ALL OF THE CWA  
 

 
   
KEY MESSAGES
 
 
1) SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH DAMAGING WINDS AND LOCALLY VERY HEAVY  
RAINFALL ARE POSSIBLE FROM MID-DAY INTO LATE THIS EVENING.  
TORNADOES ALSO POSSIBLE.  
 
2) SUNDAY & MONDAY QUIET BUT TUES LOOKS ACTIVE AGAIN WITH  
SEVERE AND FLOOD RISKS RETURNING.  
 

 
   
DISCUSSION
 
 
KEY MESSAGE 1: SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH DAMAGING WINDS AND  
HEAVY RAINFALL ARE POSSIBLE THROUGH EARLY THIS EVENING. A FEW  
TORNADOES AREA ALSO POSSIBLE WITH THE STRONGEST STORMS.  
 
LITTLE CHANGE FROM THE PREVIOUS DISC REGARDING THE SEVERE TSRA  
POTENTIAL THIS AFTERNOON/EVENING AS THE ONE-TWO PUNCH OF A WARM  
FRONT/COLD FRONT HELPS TO FOCUS SEVERAL ROUNDS OF CONVECTION.  
 
BASED ON THE NUMBER OF AFTERNOON TSRA THAT IMPACTED ELK COUNTY  
AND ADJACENT PARTS OF THE NORTHERN MTNS (ALONG WITH THE RATHER  
EXTENSIVE COVERAGE OF GROUND- PRIMING TSRA THAT BLOSSOMED INTO A  
MCS THIS MORNING), WE THOUGHT IT WOULD BE PRUDENT TO EXPAND THE  
FLOOD WATCH (THROUGH 04Z SUNDAY) A LAYER OF COUNTIES FURTHER  
NORTH.  
 
PREVIOUS...  
 
SPC HAS KEPT THE ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE WEATHER EXPECTATION  
FOR ALL OF CENTRAL PA TODAY. THEY HAVE ALSO ADDED A SPECIAL  
(CONDITIONAL INTENSITY GROUP OR CIG) HATCHING TO SERN PA  
(INCLUDING AREAS S & E OF HARRISBURG. THE CIG DESIGNATION MEANS  
THAT TORNADOES THAT DO DEVELOP IN THAT AREA COULD BE STRONGER  
THAN JUST EF0/1. A REASONABLE MAXIMUM INTENSITY OF EF2-STRENGTH  
TORNADOES IS POSSIBLE TODAY - AGAIN, MAINLY IN SE PA.  
 
EARLY SHOWERS/THUNDERSTORMS TWO WILL OCCUR NEAR/ALONG A PAIR OF  
WARM FRONTS MOVING NORTH AND EAST THROUGH THE AREA THIS MORNING  
AND EARLY AFTERNOON.  
 
THE VORT MAX SUPPORTING THE INITIAL ROUNDS OF MID TO LATE  
MORNING CONVECTION WILL BE MOVING EAST OF THE SUSQ VALLEY EARLY  
THIS AFTERNOON, FOLLOWED BY SOME CLOUD THINNING AND RECOVERY  
WITH POCKETS OF MDT-STG SFC-BASED INSTABILITY DEVELOPING FOR THE  
AFTERNOON AND EVENING HOURS. THIS WILL HELP TO RAMP UP THE  
THREAT FOR SVR TSRA AND INCREASE RAINFALL RATES WITHIN THE VERY  
JUICY AIRMASS.  
 
THE TIMING OF THAT VORT MAX AND THE SHRA/TSRA IT HELPS GENERATE  
LOOK LIKE THEY WILL BE EARLY ENOUGH IN THE DAY THAT AMPLE  
HEATING SHOULD THEN OCCUR AS THE MAIN WARM FRONT PUSHES INTO THE  
SRN COUNTIES AND ACROSS THE CWA LATE THIS MORNING AND EARLY  
THIS AFTERNOON. AS THE CAPES CLIMB, AND THE WIND  
PROFILES/HODOGRAPHS BECOME ROUNDED, THE RISK FOR DEEP CONVECTION  
THAT WOULD ALSO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE HIGH HELICITY TO PRODUCE  
SUPERCELLS INCREASES. THIS CONVECTION COULD START A COUPLE HOURS  
EARLIER THAN CLIMATOLOGICALLY-FAVORED TIMING...MORE LIKE A NOON  
KICKOFF THAN EARLY- TO MID-AFTN. THE RISK FOR DISCRETE,  
SPINNING CELLS IS HIGHEST OVER THE LOWER SUSQ, BUT IS POSSIBLE  
ANYWHERE ACROSS THE CWA WITH THE WARM FRONT(S) AND VARIED  
BOUNDARIES FROM EARLIER RAIN AND DIFFERENTIAL HEATING PLAYING  
ROLES TO MAKE THE NEAR STORM LLVL/BLYR ENVIRONMENT FAVORABLE.  
70F+ DEWPOINTS WILL ARRIVE IN THE S WITH THE FIRST WARM FRONT,  
AND THE LCLS SHOULD BE LOW AND FAVORABLE FOR TORNADO  
DEVELOPMENT. THE SIG TOR PARAMETER (STP) IS HIGHEST OVER THE SE,  
ESP IN LANCASTER CO. LOWER (L-M60S) DEWPOINTS HANG ON ACROSS  
THE N FOR MUCH OF THE DAY.  
 
THE NW WILL HAVE THE NEXT-BEST CHANCE FOR SEVERE STORMS TO  
DEVELOP. HOWEVER, THE INCREASING MOISTURE AND MODERATE-HIGH  
SHEAR AND MODERATE-HIGH CAPES WILL MEAN WE'LL HAVE TO WATCH ALL  
OF THE CWA FOR STORM INITIATION DURING THE EARLY AND MID  
AFTERNOON HOURS.  
 
SOME OF THE STORMS COULD ALSO BE SUPERCELLS AWAY FROM THE SE  
- AT LEAST EARLY IN THE EVENT. THE WIND PROFILE BECOMES MORE-  
ALIGNED/STRAIGHT HODOGRAPHS THAT WOULD BE MORE FAVORABLE FOR  
STORM CLUSTERS OR A BROKEN LINE, ESP IF A PRE-FRONTAL TROUGH  
MATERIALIZES.  
 
THE COLD FRONT MOVING DOWN FROM THE NW SHOULD ARRIVE LATE IN  
THE DAY AND COULD CONTINUE TO PROVIDE LIFT FOR STORMS IN THE NW  
HALF OF THE AREA INTO THE EVENING. BUT, IT MAY ARRIVE IN MOST  
PLACES TOO LATE (AFTER STABILIZATION FROM OTHER/EARLIER PRECIP)  
TO MAKE A WIDE THREAT FOR SEVERE WX TO OCCUR ALONG IT AS IT  
PASSES. EXPECT PRECIP ALONG THE COLD FRONT TO WEAKEN AND FALL  
APART THE DEEPER IT GETS INTO THE CWA (INTO THE CENTRAL MTNS).  
 
IF THERE IS A CHANCE FOR A BUST OR WEAKNESS IN THE SEVERE  
FORECAST IT IS OVER THE CENTRAL MTNS/RIDGE-AND-VALLEY REGION.  
POTENT STORMS ARE LIKELY/CERTAIN IN THE SE AND THE NW, BUT ARE  
LESS CERTAIN IN THE LAURELS AND RIDGE AND VALLEY COUNTIES.  
 
----------------------------------------------------------  
 
KEY MESSAGE 2: SUNDAY & MONDAY QUIET BUT TUES LOOKS ACTIVE AGAIN  
WITH SEVERE AND FLOOD RISKS RETURNING.  
 
A DRYING TREND IS EXPECTED SUNDAY WITH NOTICEABLY LOWER  
HUMIDITY ALLOWING FOR A PLEASANT DAY AND RELATIVELY COOL NIGHT.  
HOWEVER, LATEST RRFS SHOWS SOME NEAR SFC SMOKE RETURNING TO CPA  
FROM THE GREAT LAKES. THIS COULD RESULT IN REDUCED AIR QUALITY  
AND HAZY SKY CONDITIONS.  
 
ADDITIONAL BOUTS OF RAIN/T-STORMS ARE POSSIBLE INTO THE  
WORKWEEK. THE FIRST OF WHICH WILL BE AROUND TUESDAY (DAY4) AS A  
WELL-DEVELOPED SYNOPTIC STORM MOVES THROUGH THE GREAT LAKES AND  
NE CONUS. SPC HAS BEEN HIGHLIGHTING A 15% PROB (EQUIVALENT TO  
SLGT RISK, LEVEL 2/5) FOR CENTRAL PA. FORCING/SUPPORT FOR THIS  
MEDIUM RANGE SEVERE OUTLOOK APPEARS FAIRLY ROBUST AND WOULD TAKE  
STOCK IN THIS RISK MANIFESTING AT SHORTER RANGES. WPC IS ALSO  
HIGHLIGHTING TUESDAY FOR HEAVY RAINFALL AND POSSIBLE FLOODING  
WITH THE SYNOPTIC SYSTEM GENERATING MULTIPLE CHANCES FOR RAIN  
WITH HIGH ATMOS MOISTURE IN PLACE.  
 
TEMPERATURES WILL TREND NEAR TO SLIGHTLY BELOW HISTORICAL  
AVERAGES THROUGH LATE WEEK INTO MONTH-END WITH SOME NOTICEABLY  
COOLER NIGHTS POSSIBLE.  
 

 
   
AVIATION /06Z SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/
 
 
CONVECTION HAS LEFT THE CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA AIRSPACE, AND  
SATELLITE IMAGERY SHOWS HIGH CLOUDS MOVING OUT AND CLEARING.  
WITH SMOKE AND STORMS BEING USHERED OUT ALONG THE COLD FRONT, A  
MIXED BAG OF RESTRICTIONS REMAIN ACROSS THE REGION. MOST SITES  
ACROSS THE EASTERN HALF OF OUR AREA REMAIN VFR WITH SMOKE FROM  
THE WILDFIRES FINALLY EXITING THE REGION AND ONLY MID TO HIGH  
LEVEL CLOUDS REMAINING. ELSEWHERE, MVFR TO IFR IS PRESENT AS  
LOW CEILINGS PERSIST ACROSS THE ALLEGHENY FRONT AND CENTRAL PA.  
FOG HAS ALSO BEGUN TO DEVELOP ANYWHERE CLOUDS HAVE CLEARED, WITH  
MANY PLACES BEING VERY MOIST NEAR THE SURFACE DUE TO RECENT  
RAIN. THE HIGHEST CONFIDENCE FOR IFR FOG WILL BE AT KJST AND  
KBFD.  
 
THESE RESTRICTIONS ARE EXPECTED TO REMAIN FOR THE REST OF THE  
EARLY MORNING HOURS AND JUST PAST DAYBREAK ON SUNDAY. DRYER  
CONDITIONS WILL PERSIST FOR THE NEXT TWO DAYS BEHIND THE FRONT,  
AND ALL AIRFIELDS ARE EXPECTED TO BE VFR BY 16Z TODAY.  
 
OUTLOOK...  
 
MON...MAINLY VFR.  
 
TUE-WED...RESTRICTIONS POSSIBLE IN SHOWERS/T-STORMS WITH COLD  
FROPA EXPECTED BETWEEN TUESDAY/WEDNESDAY.  
 
THU...VFR CONDITIONS.  
 

 
   
CTP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES
 
 
NONE.  
 

 
 

 
 
WHAT HAS CHANGED...LAMBERT/DANGELO  
KEY MESSAGES...LAMBERT/DANGELO  
DISCUSSION...LAMBERT/DANGELO/STEINBUGL  
AVIATION...BOWEN  
 
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