162  
FXUS63 KDLH 041857  
AFDDLH  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DULUTH MN  
157 PM CDT FRI JUL 4 2025  
   
KEY MESSAGES  
 
- SEVERE STORMS ARE EXPECTED THIS AFTERNOON INTO EARLY SATURDAY  
MORNING - MAINLY FOR NORTHEAST MINNESOTA. DAMAGING WIND  
GUSTS, SEVERE HAIL, AND TORRENTIAL RAINFALL WITH THE POTENTIAL  
FOR FLASH FLOODING ARE THE MAIN THREATS.  
 
- VERY WARM AND HUMID TODAY FOR JULY 4TH. EXTREME HEAT WARNINGS  
AND HEAT ADVISORIES ARE IN EFFECT.  
 
- STRONG TO SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ARE POSSIBLE AGAIN SATURDAY  
ACROSS NORTHWEST WISCONSIN.  
 
- QUIETER WEATHER TO BEGIN NEXT WEEK.  
 
 
   
DISCUSSION  
 
ISSUED AT 156 PM CDT FRI JUL 4 2025  
 
WE'RE TRACKING SEVERAL IMPACTFUL WEATHER CONCERNS FOR THIS  
HOLIDAY WEEKEND.  
 
OUR MOST IMMEDIATE CONCERN IS THE OPPRESSIVE HEAT AND HUMIDITY  
GRIPPING THE REGION TODAY. TEMPERATURES AND HUMIDITY FORECASTS  
CONTINUE TO CLIMB, WITH WIDESPREAD HIGHS NOW EXPECTED TO REACH  
THE LOW TO MID 90S. WHEN COMBINED WITH DEWPOINTS IN THE UPPER  
70S TO MID 70S, CONDITIONS WILL BE TRULY UNCOMFORTABLE. THE MOST  
INTENSE HEAT WILL BE FELT ACROSS NORTH-CENTRAL MINNESOTA AND  
PARTS OF THE SOUTH SHORE, WHERE SOUTHERLY WINDS EXPERIENCING  
SOME DOWNSLOPING FROM INLAND HIGHER TERRAIN WILL ONLY AMPLIFY  
THE WARMING. FORTUNATELY, AREAS ALONG THE NORTH SHORE SHOULD  
EXPERIENCE A SLIGHT REPRIEVE, THANKS TO COOLING WINDS OFF LAKE  
SUPERIOR. WHILE LINGERING CLOUD COVER FROM MORNING STORMS,  
PARTICULARLY OVER FAR NORTHERN MINNESOTA, MIGHT OFFER A BRIEF  
TEMPERING EFFECT, THE ROBUST WARM AND MOISTURE ADVECTION ACROSS  
THE REGION TODAY WILL LARGELY OFFSET THIS. WERE FORECASTING HEAT  
INDEX VALUES IN THE MID 90S TO LOW 100S, WITH THE HOTTEST  
READINGS IN THE SAME AREAS EXPERIENCING THE HIGHEST AMBIENT  
TEMPERATURES. THIS TRANSLATES TO HEAT RISK VALUES RANGING FROM  
MODERATE TO MAJOR, MEANING THE HEAT COULD AFFECT MOST  
INDIVIDUALS SENSITIVE TO HEAT, OR EVEN ANYONE WITHOUT EFFECTIVE  
COOLING OR ADEQUATE HYDRATION. ADDITIONALLY, WET BULB GLOBE  
TEMPERATURES ARE EXPECTED TO CLIMB INTO THE LOW TO MID 80S. THIS  
OPPRESSIVE COMBINATION WILL LIKELY IMPACT MOST OF THE  
NORTHLAND, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF SOME PORTIONS OF THE NORTH  
SHORE. AS A RESULT, EXTREME HEAT WARNINGS ARE IN EFFECT. WITH  
INDEPENDENCE DAY OUTDOOR EVENTS LIKELY, ITS CRITICAL THAT YOU  
AND THOSE AROUND YOU HAVE PLENTY OF WATER AND ACCESS TO COOLING  
OPTIONS THROUGHOUT THE DAY AND INTO THIS EVENING. KEEP AN EYE ON  
GRANDPA IF HE DEMANDS ANOTHER ROUND OF CROQUET. SINCE HEAT IS  
NOT AS FUN TO TALK ABOUT, BRAVO FOR MAKING IT THIS FAR IN THE  
PARAGRAPH.  
 
ONTO THE SEVERE THREAT, WE HAVE TO DISSIPATE ALL OF THIS HEAT  
AND HUMIDITY SOMEHOW, SO LETS DRIVE A COLD FRONT THROUGH THE  
REGION TO DO THAT. UNFORTUNATELY, THAT COMES WITH STRONG STORM  
POTENTIAL - HEAT AND HUMIDITY ARE THE PERFECT SNACK FOR A HUNGRY  
STORM. WE ANTICIPATE STRONG TO SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS  
AFTERNOON AND EVENING AND POSSIBLY INTO THE EARLY MORNING HOURS  
ON SATURDAY. WE GET A BRIEF BREAK SATURDAY MORNING BEFORE  
ANOTHER ROUND OF STORMS ARE EXPECTED FURTHER EAST ACROSS NW WI  
SATURDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING. SCATTERED SHOWERS AND  
THUNDERSTORMS, INCLUDING STRONG TO SEVERE CELLS, WILL BEGIN TO  
DEVELOP ALONG A SURFACE TROUGH AHEAD OF AN APPROACHING COLD  
FRONT AND ON THE EDGE OF A NORTHWARD ADVANCING WARM FRONT. A  
SUPERCELL HAS ALREADY FORMED ALONG THIS FRONT JUST WEST IF  
I-FALLS. WHILE THIS IS A HARBINGER OF WHAT TO COME, THE PRIMARY  
SYNOPTIC FORCING FOR ASCENT REMAINS FURTHER WEST AND SHOULD  
ARRIVE LATER THIS EVENING. STORMS DEVELOPING ACROSS FAR NORTHERN  
MINNESOTA AND TO OUR WEST SHOULD THEN GRADUALLY SPREAD  
SOUTHEAST DURING THE REMAINDER OF THE EVENING INTO OVERNIGHT  
HOURS. THIS WILL BRING MORE WIDESPREAD ACTIVITY MAINLY INTO  
NORTH-CENTRAL AND NORTHEASTERN MINNESOTA, EVENTUALLY REACHING  
NORTHWEST WISCONSIN EARLY SATURDAY. AT LEAST A FEW OF THESE  
STORMS ARE EXPECTED TO BE STRONG TO SEVERE, FUELED BY 0-6KM BULK  
SHEAR VALUES AROUND 30 KNOTS AND 3000-4500 J/KG OF MUCAPE.  
STORM MODES ARE EXPECTED TO QUICKLY GROW UPSCALE INTO CLUSTERS  
OR BROKEN LINES. GIVEN AMPLE DOWNDRAFT CAPE, THE PRIMARY HAZARDS  
WILL BE DAMAGING WIND GUSTS AND LARGE HAIL. THERE REMAINS A  
LOW, BUT NON-ZERO (2%), TORNADO THREAT ACROSS FAR NORTHERN  
MINNESOTA NEAR THE FRONT DURING THE LATE AFTERNOON INTO LATE  
EVENING HOURS, WHERE STORMS COULD BE SURFACE-BASED AND HAVE  
MODEST AMOUNTS OF LOW-LEVEL HELICITY. THIS TORNADO THREAT, WHILE  
PRESENT, REMAINS LOW.  
 
MOST CRITICALLY, THESE STORMS HAVE HUGE TORRENTIAL RAINFALL AND  
SIGNIFICANT FLASH FLOODING POTENTIAL. THE MAIN THREAT PERIOD  
FOR THIS IS FROM LATE THIS AFTERNOON INTO SATURDAY. OUR PRIMARY  
CONCERN STEMS FROM EXCEPTIONALLY HIGH PRECIPITABLE WATER (PWAT)  
VALUES, WHICH ARE FORECAST TO SURGE TO AROUND 2 TO 2.25 INCHES.  
THESE VALUES ARE NEAR THE MAXIMUM FOR JULY CLIMATOLOGY,  
INDICATING AN INCREDIBLY MOISTURE-LADEN AIRMASS. THIS ABUNDANT  
MOISTURE, COMBINED WITH A DEEP SURFACE TO FREEZING LEVEL DEPTH  
OF 13,000 TO 15,000 FEET, CREATES AN ENVIRONMENT HIGHLY  
CONDUCIVE TO EFFICIENT, HEAVY RAINFALL RATES. FURTHER  
EXACERBATING THE FLOOD THREAT, DEEP, UNIDIRECTIONAL SOUTHWEST  
WINDS ALOFT WILL BE NEARLY PARALLEL TO THE SURFACE COLD FRONT  
AND SURFACE TROUGH. THIS ALIGNMENT SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASES THE  
RISK OF TRAINING THUNDERSTORMS, WHERE INDIVIDUAL STORM CELLS  
REPEATEDLY TRACK OVER THE SAME AREAS, LEADING TO PROLONGED  
PERIODS OF INTENSE RAINFALL. WE ANTICIPATE MULTIPLE WAVES OF  
THUNDERSTORMS, BEGINNING WITH THE AFTERNOON/EVENING ACTIVITY AND  
CONTINUING AS THE COLD FRONT SLOWLY SLIDES THROUGH THE  
NORTHLAND OVERNIGHT INTO SATURDAY MORNING. FORECAST RAINFALL  
AMOUNTS HAVE INCREASED FOR NORTH-CENTRAL MINNESOTA, MUCH OF  
NORTHEAST MINNESOTA, AND THE ARROWHEAD, WITH WIDESPREAD TOTALS  
OF 1 TO 3 INCHES EXPECTED, AND LOCALIZED AMOUNTS POTENTIALLY  
EVEN MUCH HIGHER. THIS SIGNIFICANT THREAT IS FURTHER  
CORROBORATED BY 48-HOUR HREF PROBABILITY-MATCHED MEAN AND  
MAXIMUM RAINFALL BULLSEYES SUGGESTING POTENTIAL TOTALS OF 3 TO 5  
INCHES IN THE HARDEST-HIT AREAS. WHILE THE HEAVY RAINFALL  
POTENTIAL DROPS OFF WITH SOUTHEAST EXTENT INTO THE TWIN PORTS  
AND NORTHWEST WISCONSIN, WHERE FORECAST AMOUNTS OF 0.5 TO 1.5  
INCHES ARE EXPECTED, THE LOCALIZED THREAT IN NORTH-CENTRAL AND  
NORTHEAST MINNESOTA IS SUBSTANTIAL. OUR WPC EXCESSIVE RAINFALL  
OUTLOOK AREA, WHERE A SLIGHT RISK (15% CHANCE OF FLASH FLOODING)  
REMAINS, GENERALLY ALIGNS WITH WHERE A FLASH FLOOD WATCH HAS  
BEEN ISSUED FOR LATE THIS AFTERNOON INTO DAYTIME SATURDAY.  
RESIDENTS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE PREPARED FOR RAPIDLY RISING  
WATER LEVELS, INUNDATED ROADWAYS, AND THE POTENTIAL FOR FLASH  
FLOODING. SOME OF THE OVERNIGHT CONVECTION LAST NIGHT HAS ALSO  
PRECONDITIONED SOME AREAS MINIMIZING THEIR HOLDING CAPACITY. AN  
EXAMPLE IS A QUICK 1.5 OF RAIN FELL IN TWO HARBORS FROM A FAIRLY  
QUICK MOVING CELL THIS MORNING - THIS JUST SHOWS YOU THE HIGH-  
END POTENTIAL OF THESE STORMS. ROADS WERE ALSO WASHED OUT IN  
WASHBURN COUNTY LAST NIGHT FROM THESE DUMPERS.  
 
THE COLD FRONT WILL CONTINUE TO PUSH SLOWLY SOUTHEAST THROUGH  
THE NORTHLAND ON SATURDAY, BRINGING NOTICEABLY LESS HOT  
TEMPERATURES WITH HIGHS IN THE UPPER 70S TO AROUND 80 DEGREES  
FAHRENHEIT. THERE WILL BE A SHORT WINDOW OF TIME SATURDAY  
AFTERNOON AND EVENING WHERE A FEW STRONG TO SEVERE STORMS WILL  
BE POSSIBLE ONCE AGAIN ALONG AND AHEAD OF THE COLD FRONT IN  
NORTHWEST WISCONSIN. HERE, A PLUME OF 1000-1500 J/KG OF MUCAPE  
AND MODEST SHEAR COULD PRODUCE A LOW-END DAMAGING WIND AND SMALL  
HAIL THREAT. ALL STORMS ARE EXPECTED TO EXIT TO OUR EAST  
SATURDAY NIGHT.  
 
COOLER AND DRIER CONDITIONS ARE EXPECTED FOR SUNDAY BEHIND THE  
COLD FRONT, WITH COMFORTABLE HIGH TEMPERATURES IN THE 70S AND  
DEWPOINTS IN THE 50S TO AROUND 60 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT. WERE ONLY  
ANTICIPATING ISOLATED (10-20%) AFTERNOON/EVENING SHOWER CHANCES.  
LOOKING AHEAD TO EARLY NEXT WEEK, ZONAL MID TO UPPER-LEVEL FLOW  
WILL TRANSITION TO NORTHWESTERLY BY MID-WEEK. PERIODIC  
SHORTWAVES MOVING THROUGH THIS FLOW PATTERN ALOFT SHOULD BRING  
ADDITIONAL SHOWER AND THUNDERSTORM CHANCES AT TIMES, WITH  
SEASONAL HIGH TEMPERATURES. AT THIS POINT, THERE DOESNT APPEAR  
TO BE ANY STRONG SIGNAL FOR WIDESPREAD STRONG TO SEVERE STORM  
POTENTIAL EARLY NEXT WEEK.  
 
 
   
AVIATION /18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z SATURDAY/  
 
ISSUED AT 1240 PM CDT FRI JUL 4 2025  
 
VFR FOR NOW, BUT AN INCOMING SYSTEM WILL CAUSE WIDESPREAD  
THUNDERSTORMS FROM WEST TO EAST STARTING THIS AFTERNOON AND  
SLOWLY SPREADING EASTWARD OVERNIGHT. +TSRA EXPECTED WITHIN THE  
BAND, SO WHEN IT IS OVER A TAF SITE, PRETTY LIKELY THAT VSBYS  
WILL BE < 1SM IN +RA WITH INSTANT PONDING OF WATER ON RUNWAYS.  
AFTER THE STORMS CROSS, CIGS WILL DROP TO SUB-IFR WITH A SLOW  
BREAKOUT THROUGH SATURDAY AFTERNOON RETURNING TO VFR BY SATURDAY  
EVENING.  
 
 
   
MARINE /FOR NEAR SHORE WATERS OF WESTERN LAKE SUPERIOR/  
 
ISSUED AT 156 PM CDT FRI JUL 4 2025  
 
POTENTIAL FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS EVENING AND OVERNIGHT.  
ASIDE FROM THAT SYNOPTIC WINDS SHOULD BE LESS THAN SMALL CRAFT  
ADVISORY CRITERIA.  
 
FOR THE OPEN WATER DISCUSSION, REFER TO THE NWS MARQUETTE AREA  
FORECAST DISCUSSION AT WEATHER.GOV/MQT.  
 
 
   
DLH WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES  
 
MN...EXTREME HEAT WARNING UNTIL 8 PM CDT THIS EVENING FOR MNZ010-  
011-018-019-025-026-033>038.  
FLOOD WATCH THROUGH SATURDAY AFTERNOON FOR MNZ010-011-018.  
HEAT ADVISORY UNTIL 8 PM CDT THIS EVENING FOR MNZ012-020.  
FLOOD WATCH FROM 7 PM CDT THIS EVENING THROUGH SATURDAY  
AFTERNOON FOR MNZ012-019>021-025-026-033>037.  
WI...EXTREME HEAT WARNING UNTIL 8 PM CDT THIS EVENING FOR  
WIZ001>003-006>008.  
HEAT ADVISORY UNTIL 8 PM CDT THIS EVENING FOR WIZ004-009.  
MARINE...NONE.  
 
 
 
 
 
DISCUSSION...WOLFE  
AVIATION...WOLFE  
MARINE...WOLFE  
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