503  
FXUS63 KLSX 141710  
AFDLSX  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION...UPDATED AVIATION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAINT LOUIS MO  
1210 PM CDT WED MAY 14 2025  
   
KEY MESSAGES
 
 
- NEAR DAILY RECORD HIGH TEMPERATURES ARE FORECAST ON THURSDAY,  
THE WARMEST DAY OF THE PERIOD.  
 
- THERE IS A THREAT OF STRONG TO SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THURSDAY  
EVENING AND FRIDAY WITH ALL HAZARDS POSSIBLE. HOWEVER, THERE IS  
CONSIDERABLE UNCERTAINTY WHETHER OR NOT THUNDERSTORMS ACTUALLY  
DEVELOP ON THURSDAY.  
 

 
   
SHORT TERM
 
(THROUGH LATE THURSDAY AFTERNOON)  
ISSUED AT 312 AM CDT WED MAY 14 2025  
 
ENOUGH RESIDUAL BL MOISTURE AND LIGHT WINDS COULD RESULT IN SOME  
PATCHY RIVER VALLEY FOG THIS MORNING, BUT THE CURRENT AIRMASS IS  
RELATIVELY DRIER THAN 24 HOUR AGO AND CONDITIONS ARE OVERALL LESS  
FAVORABLE. HOWEVER, A WARM FRONT IS EXPECTED TO LIFT NORTHWARD  
THROUGH THE CWA TODAY, MARKING THE ONSET OF STRONG LOW-LEVEL WAA.  
WITH INCREASING WAA AND GREATER INSOLATION THAN TUESDAY THROUGH  
DIURNAL CUMULUS AND SOME MID-LEVEL CLOUDS, HIGH TEMPERATURES WILL BE  
WARMER AND AROUND 80 TO THE MID-80S F. ALTHOUGH AN OVERHEAD UPPER-  
LEVEL RIDGE AND ARRIVING EML PLUME WILL BE PRESENT, UP TO 20 PERCENT  
OF HREF MEMBERSHIP HAS ISOLATED SHOWERS AND MAYBE A THUNDERSTORM  
ALONG/EAST OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER DURING THE AFTERNOON AND EVENING  
WITH MOISTURE CONVERGENCE ALONG THE FRONT WHERE THE INVERSION WILL  
BE WEAKER/MORE ELEVATED AT THE PERIPHERY OF THE EML.  
 
ON THURSDAY, A POTENT UPPER-LEVEL TROUGH WILL EJECT ACROSS THE  
NORTHERN PLAINS INTO UPPER MIDWEST WITH A WEAK, TRAILING "PACIFIC"  
COLD FRONT PASSING EASTWARD THROUGH THE CWA DURING LATE MORNING  
THROUGH EVENING. STRONG, VEERING LOW-LEVEL WAA PRECEDING THE FRONT  
WITH SOME DOWNSLOPING OFF THE OZARK PLATEAU AND 850-HPA TEMPERATURES  
NEARING THE MAXIMUM OF SEASONAL CLIMATOLOGY WILL SUPPORT WELL-ABOVE  
AVERAGE TO NEAR DAILY RECORD HIGH TEMPERATURES IN THE UPPER 80S TO  
LOW-90S F. EVEN BEHIND THE FRONT, DEEPER BL MIXING MAY OFFSET WEAK  
CAA TO MAINTAIN THESE WARM TEMPERATURES THROUGH THE DAY.  
 
THE OVERHEAD EML WILL AID STRONG INSTABILITY (2500 TO 4500 J/KG  
MLCAPE) ALONG/AHEAD OF THE FRONT THURSDAY AFTERNOON/EVENING BUT ALSO  
MAINTAIN A STRONG CAPPING INVERSION BETWEEN 900 AND 750 HPA. IN THE  
ABSENCE OF ROBUST LARGE-SCALE FORCING WITH THE PARENT TROUGH PASSING  
NORTH OF THE CWA, THERE IS STILL CONSIDERABLE UNCERTAINTY ON WHETHER  
SURFACE-BASED CONVECTIVE INITIATION WILL OCCUR. AROUND 20 TO 30  
PERCENT OF HREF MEMBERSHIP HAS SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS DEVELOPING  
DURING AFTERNOON AND EVENING ACROSS SOUTHEASTERN MO/SOUTHWESTERN IL,  
BUT SOME OF THIS CONVECTION COULD BE HIGH-BASED WELL ABOVE THE  
CAPPING INVERSION AND UNABLE TO FULLY UTILIZE THE INSTABILITY. A FEW  
CAMS HAVE SHOWN SIGNS OF SUFFICIENT MOISTURE CONVERGENCE AND BL  
MIXING/HEATING SUFFICIENT TO OVERCOME THE INVERSION AND ALLOW  
ISOLATED SURFACE-BASED THUNDERSTORMS TO DEVELOP ACROSS SOUTHEASTERN  
MO AND SOUTHWESTERN IL DURING THE EVENING. IF THIS WERE TO OCCUR,  
STRONG DEEP-LAYER WIND SHEAR OF 45 TO 55 KT AND HODOGRAPHS WITH SOME  
LOW-LEVEL CURVATURE WILL SUPPORT SUPERCELLS CAPABLE OF ALL SEVERE  
HAZARDS: VERY LARGE HAIL, DAMAGING WINDS, AND TORNADOES.  
 
PFAHLER  
 

 
   
LONG TERM
 
(THURSDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY)  
ISSUED AT 312 AM CDT WED MAY 14 2025  
 
THE WEAK COLD FRONT IS FORECAST TO LIFT BACK NORTHWARD ON FRIDAY AS  
A WARM FRONT AHEAD OF AN UPPER-LEVEL SHORTWAVE TROUGH AND ITS  
ASSOCIATED COLD FRONT, ACTING AS CATALYSTS FOR A BETTER OPPORTUNITY  
FOR THUNDERSTORMS. THERE IS UNCERTAINTY IN HOW FAR NORTHWARD THE  
EFFECTIVE WARM FRONT WILL ADVANCE INTO THE CWA, BUT ENSEMBLE MODEL  
GUIDANCE HAVE TRENDED TOWARD A FARTHER NORTHWARD ADVANCEMENT WITH  
PROBABILITIES OF 2000+ SBCAPE INCREASING TO 30 TO 60 PERCENT  
ALONG/SOUTH OF I-70. MORNING PRECIPITATION CAN OFTEN SLOW THE  
NORTHWARD ADVANCEMENT OF EFFECTIVE WARM FRONTS, BUT MODEL GUIDANCE  
INDICATE THAT MOST SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS DURING THE MORNING IN  
SOUTHERN MO/NORTHERN AR WILL QUICKLY DEPART TO THE EAST ADDING SOME  
MERIT TO A QUICK NORTHWARD ADVANCEMENT. PROBABILITIES OF MEASURABLE  
RAINFALL INCREASE THROUGH THE DAY TO 50 TO 80 PERCENT BY EVENING  
ALONG/SOUTH OF I-44 IN MO AND I-70 IN IL, BUT THE EXACT INITIATION  
TIME AND COVERAGE OF DEVELOPING THUNDERSTORMS IS UNCLEAR AND  
SENSITIVE TO WEAKENING OF THE CAPPING INVERSION AND ARRIVAL OF THE  
SHORTWAVE TROUGH. WITH 50 TO 60 KT OF DEEP-LAYER WIND SHEAR,  
ORGANIZATION OF THUNDERSTORMS INTO SUPERCELLS POTENTIALLY GROWING  
UPSCALE INTO CLUSTERS, ALL SEVERE HAZARDS APPEAR POSSIBLE. HOWEVER,  
FORECAST SOUNDINGS INDICATE THAT ANY SUPERCELLS HAVE THE POTENTIAL  
TO PRODUCE VERY LARGE HAIL WITH STEEP MID-LEVEL LAPSE RATES AND A  
LARGE AMOUNT OF CAPE IN THE HAIL GROWTH ZONE.  
 
BRIEF UPPER-LEVEL QUASI-ZONAL FLOW AND FRIDAY'S COLD FRONT SOUTH OF  
THE CWA ON SATURDAY WILL YIELD DRY, RELATIVELY COOLER CONDITIONS.  
BUT GLOBAL MODEL GUIDANCE CONTINUE TO POINT TO THE CONUS FLOW  
PATTERN BECOMING INCREASINGLY AMPLIFIED LATE SATURDAY INTO EARLY  
NEXT WEEK THAT ALLOWS A WARM FRONT TO GRADUALLY LIFT NORTHWARD  
ACROSS THE OZARKS AND THE MID-MISSISSIPPI RIVER VALLEY, LEADING TO  
INCREASING OPPORTUNITIES FOR SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS THROUGH EARLY  
NEXT WEEK. EXACTLY HOW QUICKLY THIS PROCESS OCCURS WILL LIKELY BE  
INFLUENCED BY HOW SOON A BUILDING UPPER-LEVEL RIDGE GIVES WAY TO  
SOUTHWESTERLY FLOW, BUT ENSEMBLE MODEL GUIDANCE DEPICTS A PEAK IN  
THE PROBABILITIES OF MEASURABLE RAINFALL AROUND TUESDAY WHEN THE  
TROUGH IN THIS AMPLIFIED PATTERN FINALLY EJECTS NORTHEASTWARD ACROSS  
THE CENTRAL CONUS. MOST OF THE NBM TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION REMAINS  
ABOVE AVERAGE THROUGH EARLY NEXT WEEK BUT WITH AN UP TO 8 F SPREAD  
CAPTURING UNCERTAINTIES WITH THE FRONT AND ROUNDS OF SHOWERS AND  
THUNDERSTORMS.  
 
PFAHLER  
 

 
   
AVIATION
 
(FOR THE 18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z THURSDAY AFTERNOON)  
ISSUED AT 1204 PM CDT WED MAY 14 2025  
 
SCATTERED TO BROKEN CUMULUS THIS AFTERNOON IS EXPECTED TO  
DISSIPATE BY LATE THIS EVENING. CANNOT COMPLETELY RULE OUT A  
SHOWER OR WEAK THUNDERSTORM THROUGH THIS EVENING, BUT CHANCES OF  
ANYTHING HITTING A TERMINAL ARE QUITE LOW AND NOT ENOUGH TO  
MENTION A PROB30 OR VC GROUP. SOUTHEASTERLY WINDS AND WEAK GUSTS  
WILL SUBSIDE BY THIS EVENING AND VEER SLOWLY WITH TIME. BY LATE  
THURSDAY MORNING, WINDS WILL BECOME MORE OUT OF THE  
SOUTH/SOUTHWEST AND INCREASE IN SPEED WITH GUSTS TO NEAR 20 KNOTS.  
 
GOSSELIN  
 

 
   
CLIMATE
 
 
ISSUED AT 227 PM CDT MON MAY 12 2025  
 
RECORD MAXIMUM TEMPERATURES AND WARMEST MINIMUM TEMPERATURES  
FOR MAY 15.  
 
MAY 15  
 
ST LOUIS:  
MAXIMUM 94 1944  
WARMEST MIN 72 2013  
 
COLUMBIA:  
MAXIMUM 90 1944  
WARMEST MIN 71 1941  
 
QUINCY:  
MAXIMUM 93 1944  
WARMEST MIN 69 1962  
 

 
   
LSX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES
 
 
MO...NONE.  
IL...NONE.  

 
 

 
 
WFO LSX  
 
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