083
FXUS63 KMQT 162323
AFDMQT
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MARQUETTE MI
623 PM EST THU JAN 16 2025
KEY MESSAGES
- NORTHWEST LAKE EFFECT SNOW GRADUALLY TAPERS OFF TONIGHT.
ADDITIONAL SNOW ACCUMULATIONS ARE EXPECTED TO BE LESS THAN AN
INCH, ALTHOUGH, AN ADDITIONAL 1-2 INCHES IS POSSIBLE IN LUCE
COUNTY EASTWARD.
- DANGEROUSLY COLD ARCTIC AIR SETTLES INTO THE AREA THIS WEEKEND
INTO EARLY NEXT WEEK, LEADING TO TEMPERATURES REMAINING
SUBZERO FROM SATURDAY NIGHT THROUGH AT LEAST TUESDAY MORNING
OVER INTERIOR WESTERN UPPER MICHIGAN. MUCH OF THE REST OF WEST
AND CENTRAL UPPER MICHIGAN MAY SEE TEMPERATURES FAIL TO RISE
ABOVE ZERO ON MONDAY AND MAYBE TUESDAY.
- HOMEOWNERS AND PROPERTY MANAGERS SHOULD TAKE ACTION NOW FOR
THIS COLD PERIOD, ESPECIALLY IF PAST VERY COLD PERIODS HAVE
YIELDED IMPACTS. ENSURE YOUR WINTER CAR SURVIVAL KIT IS UP-TO-
DATE. THIS WEEKEND THROUGH TUESDAY, LIMIT TIME OUTDOORS FOR
YOU AND YOUR PETS, AND CHECK ON VULNERABLE NEIGHBORS.
- FREQUENT WHITEOUTS ARE EXPECTED IN THE NORTHWEST WIND SNOW
BELTS SATURDAY THROUGH TUESDAY MORNING DUE TO THE FALLING SNOW
BEING A FINE, POWDERY TYPE SNOW THAT IS HIGHLY EFFECTIVE AT
REDUCING . EXPECT VERY HAZARDOUS DRIVING CONDITIONS IN THE
LAKE EFFECT SNOW AREAS.
- NO WIDESPREAD, SIGNIFICANT SNOWFALLS FOR UPPER MI THROUGH NEXT WEEK.
NEARLY ALL OF THE SNOW THAT OCCURS WILL BE LAKE EFFECT DRIVEN.
SHORT TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/
ISSUED AT 302 PM EST THU JAN 16 2025
AFTERNOON RAP ANALYSIS AND WATER VAPOR IMAGERY REVEAL TROUGHING
NUDGING INTO THE UPPER GREAT LAKES AND DRIER LOW LEVEL AIR MAKING AN
EASTWARD TREK ACROSS LAKE SUPERIOR. THIS IS ACTIVELY WORKING TO
DIMINISHING NW LAKE EFFECT SNOW ACROSS THE FORECAST AREA, WHERE THE
WEST HALF HAS BEEN DRY THE LAST SEVERAL HOURS. MEANWHILE, LIGHT LAKE
EFFECT SNOW SHOWERS ARE ONGOING ACROSS THE EAST HALF OF THE UP AND
WILL CONTINUE THROUGH THE EVENING. INTO TONIGHT, DRY AIR WILL
CONTINUE TO EAT AWAY AT LAKE INDUCED INVERSION HEIGHTS, TAPERING OFF
LES ACROSS THE EAST BEFORE THE SURFACE RIDGE AXIS PRESSES INTO THE
UP, BACKING WINDS TO THE SW AND KICKING ANY REMAINING SHOWERS
OFFSHORE. OVERALL, SNOW ACCUMULATIONS THROUGH FRIDAY MORNING ARE
EXPECTED TO REMAIN LOW, GENERALLY LESS THAN AN INCH ACROSS THE EAST-
CENTRAL, THOUGH LUCE COUNTY COULD PICK UP ANOTHER 1-2" CONSIDERING
THE FAR EAST WILL HOLD ONTO LOW-LEVEL MOISTURE THE LONGEST. LOWS
TONIGHT WILL DIP INTO THE TEENS ACROSS THE INTERIOR TO NEAR 20F
ALONG THE LAKESHORES.
UPSTREAM, A CLIPPER IS FORECAST TO DIG INTO THE UPPER
GREAT LAKES AND SEND A SUB-990MB SFC LOW NORTH OF LAKE SUPERIOR
THROUGH FRIDAY. ISENTROPIC UPLIFT NOTED AROUND THE ~290K THETA SFC
FRIDAY MORNING COULD TOUCH OFF SOME LIGHT SNOW SHOWERS ACROSS THE
WEST-CENTRAL UP IN THE AM HOURS, HOWEVER FORECAST SOUNDINGS SHOW A
STOUT DRY LAYER BELOW 700MB, WHICH WILL BE DIFFICULT TO OVERCOME;
THUS POPS HAVE BEEN CAPPED TO AROUND 20%.
OTHERWISE, SOUTH-SOUTHWEST WINDS WILL BE ON THE INCREASE EARLY
FRIDAY MORNING COINCIDING A 40-45KT LOW-LEVEL JET NOSING INTO THE
WEST-CENTRAL UP. AREAS SUSCEPTIBLE TO STRONG DOWNSLOPING ALONG THE
LAKE SUPERIOR SHORELINE IN MARQUETTE AND ALGER COUNTIES COULD SEE A
GUSTY MORNING WITH SFC WINDS UPWARDS OF 35-40 MPH (>75% CHANCE).
LONG TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/
ISSUED AT 506 PM EST THU JAN 16 2025
MEDIUM RANGE MODEL GUIDANCE REMAINS IN EXCELLENT AGREEMENT ON THE
LARGE SCALE SURGE OF ARCTIC AIR INTO THE U.S. THIS WEEKEND INTO
EARLY NEXT WEEK. THIS SURGE OF ARCTIC AIR WILL BE DRIVEN BY A
BUILDING RIDGE OVER THE NE PACIFIC THAT BECOMES HIGHLY AMPLIFIED
NORTHWARD THRU ALASKA/NW CANADA INTO THE HIGH ARCTIC OVER THE
WEEKEND, FORCING A SIGNIFICANTLY DEEPENING TROF DOWNSTREAM ACROSS
CENTRAL TO EASTERN N AMERICA. NEGATIVE HEIGHT ANOMALIES AT 500MB IN
THIS TROF SETTLE AT ~320M (2.2-2.6 SIGMA) OVER WI ON MON. OVER THE
LAST 24HRS OF MODEL RUNS, ENSEMBLES HAVE SETTLED ON 850MB TEMPS
DROPPING TO -30 TO -31C INTO WESTERN UPPER MI IN THE CORE OF THE
COLD AIR AS IT REACHES UPPER MI. 850MB TEMPS THAT LOW AT THIS TIME
OF YEAR VERY EASILY SUPPORT 2M TEMPS REMAINING SUBZERO DURING THE
DAYLIGHT HRS ACROSS INTERIOR WESTERN UPPER MI AND LIKELY THRU MUCH
OF CENTRAL UPPER MI AS WELL. IN ADDITION, WITH 850MB TEMPS AT -30C
TO -31C AT LOWEST, WOULD EXPECT TEMPS DURING THE DAYLIGHT HRS OVER
INTERIOR WESTERN UPPER MI (GENERALLY IRONWOOD TO IRON RIVER AREA) TO
STRUGGLE TO GET ABOVE -10F SUN/MON, MON IN PARTICULAR AS THE CORE OF
THE COLDEST AIR PASSES ON THAT DAY, LEADING TO THE COLDEST DAY FCST
AREA WIDE. ONCE TEMPS FALL BLO 0F OVER INTERIOR WESTERN UPPER MI SAT
NIGHT, THEY WON'T RISE ABOVE 0F UNTIL SOMETIME TUE AFTN AT THE VERY
EARLIEST, BUT IT SEEMS MORE LIKELY NOW THAT IT WILL BE LATE WED
MORNING BEFORE THAT HAPPENS. WITH THE EXCEPTION OF AREAS FROM
MENOMINEE TO ESCANABA, MANISTIQUE AND NEWBERRY, AND ALONG THE LAKE
SUPERIOR SHORE WHERE W TO NW WINDS ARE ONSHORE, MUCH OF THE REST OF
THE FCST AREA MAY REMAIN BLO 0F MON AND POTENTIALLY TUE. MIN TEMPS
WILL RANGE DOWN THRU THE NEGATIVE TEENS AND -20S F AWAY FROM LAKE
SUPERIOR. TEMPS WILL EVEN FALL SUBZERO TO LAKE SUPERIOR, EXCEPT
WHERE W TO NW WINDS ARE ONSHORE. THERE IS THE POTENTIAL FOR A
MORNING OR TWO WITH AIR TEMPS FALLING TO OR BLO -30F IN IRON COUNTY,
MAYBE GOGEBIC COUNTY, BUT THAT WILL DEPEND ON WHETHER SFC WINDS
LARGELY DECOUPLE. SEEMS UNLIKELY, BUT SUN NIGHT AND MON NIGHT WOULD
BE THE NIGHTS TO WATCH. A FEW RECORD LOW MIN AND RECORD LOW MAX
TEMPS MAY BE SET ACROSS UPPER MI WITH THIS ARCTIC OUTBREAK.
HOMEOWNERS AND PROPERTY MANAGERS WHO HAVE HAD ISSUES WITH WATER
PIPES FREEZING DURING PERIODS OF VERY COLD CONDITIONS SHOULD MAKE
PREPARATIONS NOW. AREAS THAT HAVE VERY LITTLE SNOW COVER COULD ALSO
BECOME AT RISK FOR FREEZING OF WATER SUPPLY LINES EARLY NEXT WEEK AS
GROUND FROST DEPTHS DEEPEN RAPIDLY.
FORTUNATELY, WINDS WON'T BE STRONG TO REALLY DRIVE WIND CHILLS DOWN
DURING THIS THE ARCTIC OUTBREAK. NONETHELESS, THE COLD WILL BE
DANGEROUS, AND EXPECT CONDITIONS TO WARRANT COLD WEATHER ADVISORIES.
A FEW EXTREME COLD WARNINGS WILL BE POSSIBLE INTERIOR W. EVEN LIGHT
WINDS COULD RESULT IN CONDITIONS FEELING LIKE -20 TO -40. THESE
CONDITIONS CAN RESULT IN HYPOTHERMIA AND FROSTBITE IN LESS THAN 30
MINUTES. ANYONE WITH OUTSIDE PLANS IN THIS PERIOD SHOULD LIMIT TIME
OUTSIDE. EVERYONE IS ENCOURAGED TO ENSURE THEIR WINTER CAR SURVIVAL
KIT IS UP TO DATE. CHECK ON VULNERABLE NEIGHBORS AND LIMIT OUTDOOR
TIME FOR PETS.
AS FOR PCPN, THIS PATTERN WILL NOT SUPPORT ANY WIDESPREAD,
SIGNIFICANT SNOWFALLS FOR UPPER MI THROUGH NEXT WEEK AS ONLY A FEW
CLIPPER TYPE WAVES WILL GENERATE SOME BRIEF PERIODS OF -SN. SO,
SNOWFALL WILL BE ALMOST EXCLUSIVELY LAKE EFFECT DRIVEN. WHILE THE
ARCTIC AIR ARRIVING OVER THE WEEKEND/EARLY NEXT WEEK WILL LEAD TO
EXTREME OVERLAKE INSTABILITY, THE COLD WILL ALSO SUPPRESS THE DGZ
TOWARD THE SFC OR ELIMINATE IT ALTOGETHER, LEADING TO A FINE/POWDERY
TYPE SNOW (LOW SLR) THAT DOES NOT ACCUMULATE AS EFFICIENTLY. ON THE
FLIP SIDE, THIS TYPE OF SNOW IS HIGHLY EFFECTIVE AT REDUCING
VISIBILITY, LEADING TO FREQUENT WHITEOUTS IN SNOW SHOWERS. THIS TYPE
OF SNOW IS ALSO EASILY KICKED UP ON ROADS BY VEHICLES, LEADING TO
MINI WHITEOUTS TRAILING VEHICLES. TRAVEL IN THE AREAS AFFECTED BY NW
FLOW LES SAT THRU TUE WILL BE VERY HAZARDOUS DUE TO POOR VISIBILITY.
FROM TUE ONWARD, FLOW ACROSS N AMERICA DEAMPLIFIES, BUT THERE WILL
CONTINUE TO BE SOME DEGREE OF RIDGING IN THE MEAN OVER THE NE
PACIFIC/ADJACENT N AMERICA FORCING TROFFING IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN N
AMERICA. THE DEAMPLIFICATION WILL ALLOW FOR MODERATION FROM THE
EARLY WEEK BITTER COLD, BUT THE PATTERN WILL STILL SUPPORT THE
POTENTIAL FOR COLDER AIR TO AT LEAST GRAZE UPPER MI WITH THE PASSAGE
OF CLIPPER TYPE SHORTWAVES. EXPECT TEMPS ON MOST DAYS DURING THE
LAST HALF OF NEXT WEEK TO BE BLO NORMAL.
BEGINNING FRI, A CLIPPER SHORTWAVE WILL PASS ACROSS THE AREA. THIS
WAVE WILL INITIATE THE START OF THE ARCTIC AIR SURGE. WAA/ISENTROPIC
ASCENT AHEAD OF THE WAVE WILL NEED TO OVERCOME DRIER AIR AS THAT
ASCENT OVERSPREADS THE AREA LATE TONIGHT THRU FRI MORNING. MODELS
ARE SPLIT ON WHETHER THAT WILL OCCUR, BUT SUFFICIENT SATURATION WILL
OCCUR DEEPER INTO THE RETREATING COLDER AIR WHERE IT IS EASIER TO
ACHIEVE. THUS, WILL HOLD ONTO CHC POPS OVER THE EASTERN FCST AREA IN
THE MORNING. ANY SNOW ACCUMULATION WILL BE LESS THAN 1 INCH. BIGGER
FCST CONCERN IS WIND. PRES FALLS WILL PASS ACROSS THE AREA IN THE
WAA REGIME WITH THE CENTER AT 6-8MB/3HR PASSING JUST N OF LAKE
SUPERIOR. THE RESULTING ISALLOBARIC WIND WILL BE ALIGNED WITH THE S
TO SW GRADIENT WIND AND THUS ENHANCE THE WIND. WIND DIRECTION WILL
BE PARTICULARLY FAVORABLE FROM THE DOWNSLOPE AREAS OF MARQUETTE
COUNTY INTO THE EASTERN FCST AREA. GIVEN THAT HRRR/NAM/GFS FCST
SOUNDINGS SHOW POTENTIAL TO MIX TO 40-50KT WINDS FOR A FEW HRS AND
CONSIDERING THE ISALLOBARIC ENHANCEMENT, WILL HOIST A WIND ADVY FOR
MARQUETTE/ALGER COUNTIES FOR GUSTS UP TO 50MPH FRI MORNING UNTIL
ABOUT MID AFTN (13Z-20Z). IN REALITY, PEAK WINDS WILL LIKELY OCCUR
IN A 2-3HR PERIOD, SO THE ADVY TIMING RUNS A LITTLE LONG. LATER
SHIFTS WILL NEED TO CONSIDER ADDING SCHOOLCRAFT AND LUCE AS 180-190
WIND DIRECTION IS AN IDEAL DIRECTION FOR STRONG WINDS THERE. FCST
REFLECTS 40-45MPH GUSTS IN THAT AREA FOR NOW. ANY LOOSE SNOW WILL
LEAD TO BLOWING/DRIFTING SNOW ON ROADS. COLD FRONT THAT PASSES LATE
FRI AFTN/EVENING WILL BE FOLLOWED BY INCOMING 6-9MB/3HR PRES RISES,
BRINGING ANOTHER ROUND OF STRONGER WINDS, THIS TIME NW WINDS TO THE
KEWEENAW AND TO LAKESIDE LOCATIONS FROM ALGER COUNTY EASTWARD. BASED
ON MIXED LAYER WINDS IN FCST SOUNDINGS, EXPECT 40-50MPH GUSTS, MAYBE
PEAK UP TO 55MPH ON THE KEWEENAW. WILL HOLD OFF ON HEADLINE FOR
THESE WINDS GIVEN THE LATE AFTN/EVENING TIME FRAME. HIGH TEMPS ON
FRI SHOULD REACH THE LOW/MID 30S F.
COLD FROPA WILL INITIATE LES AND LEAD TO PROGRESSIVELY COLDER AIR
FLOWING INTO THE AREA THRU THE WEEKEND ON PREDOMINANTLY NW LOW-LEVEL
FLOW. TEMPS WILL FALL THRU THE DAY ON SAT AS 850MB TEMPS FALL FROM
JUST AFTER MIDNIGHT FRI NIGHT READINGS OF AROUND -10C E TO -15C W TO
TO AROUND -22C E TO -25C W BY SAT EVENING. BY SUNSET SAT, TEMPS WILL
BE NEARING 0F W TO AROUND 10F ABOVE E. THE INCREASINGLY COLDER AIR
SURROUNDING THE LAKE WILL PROGRESSIVELY STRENGTHEN LAKE INDUCED
THERMAL TROFFING, LEADING TO WINDS DEVELOPING AN OFFSHORE COMPONENT,
PARTICULARLY OFF OF NW WI, OFF OF MARQUETTE COUNTY AND OFF OF
ONTARIO ALONG THE E SIDE OF LAKE SUPERIOR. THIS WILL FAVOR ENHANCED
CONVERGENCE INTO ONTONAGON/SOUTHERN HOUGHTON COUNTIES AND ALSO INTO
ALGER/LUCE COUNTIES. EXPECT LES TO BE MOST PERSISTENT/HEAVIER IN
THOSE AREAS. HOWEVER, BY LATER SAT AND THRU TUE, THE COLD WILL
SUPPRESS THE DGZ TO NEAR THE SFC OR ELIMINATE IT ALTOGETHER, LEADING
TO A FINE/POWDERY TYPE SNOW THAT DOES NOT ACCUMULATE AS EFFICIENTLY
AS TYPICAL LES. INITIAL THOUGHTS ARE THAT SNOW ACCUMULATIONS WILL
END UP IN A 2-4 TO LOCALLY 6 INCH RANGE ON SAT BEFORE THE ARCTIC AIR
LARGELY ELIMINATES THE DGZ. THEN, A GENERAL 1-3 TO ISOLD 4-5
INCHES/12HR RANGE SAT NIGHT THRU TUE. THE HIGHER AMOUNTS ARE MORE
LIKELY IN EASTERN PORTIONS OF ALGER INTO LUCE COUNTIES DUE TO LONGER
FETCH AND BECAUSE THE OFFSHORE WIND COMPONENT OFF OF ONTARIO OFTEN
LEADS TO PARTICULARLY STRONG LOW-LEVEL CONVERGENCE. IN FACT, GIVEN
THE MAGNITUDE OF THE COLD AND THE NOT PARTICULARLY STRONG LOW-LEVEL
GRADIENT WIND FIELDS AS WE GET INTO SUN THRU TUE, EASTERLY WINDS MAY
PUSH OUT A GOOD DISTANCE OVER EASTERN LAKE SUPERIOR AT TIMES,
CONVERGING WITH THE WNW/NW WINDS OVER THE LAKE. THAT MAY BOOST SNOW
AMOUNTS MORE THAN PREVIOUSLY MENTIONED. WILL BE SOMETHING TO MONITOR
AS WE GET CLOSER TO THAT TIME FRAME. BIGGER ISSUE WITH THE SNOW WILL
BE WHITEOUTS AS PREVIOUSLY DISCUSSED. WINDS WILL BE STRONGER ON SAT,
LEADING TO BLSN, BUT DURING THE COLDEST PERIOD SUN INTO TUE, WINDS
WON'T BE PARTICULARLY STRONG, GUSTING TO AROUND 25MPH NEAR THE LAKE
SUPERIOR SHORE AND KEWEENAW AND UP TO AROUND 20MPH ELSEWHERE. EVEN
SO, THE FINE/POWDERY SNOW WILL BE EASILY LOFTED BY THESE WINDS TO
FURTHER REDUCE THE ALREADY VERY POOR VIS FROM THE FALLING SNOW.
WIND BEGIN TO BACK WESTERLY TUE WITH ONSET OF WAA, SHIFTING LES TO
MAINLY THE KEWEENAW OVER THE W AND CLOSER TO SHORE OVER THE E.
CLIPPER TYPE SHORTWAVE WILL PASS AT SOME POINT WED/THU TO PROVIDE A
CHC OF -SN, FOLLOWED BY SOME LES.
AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z SATURDAY/
ISSUED AT 623 PM EST THU JAN 16 2025
DRY AIR IS SLOWLY WORKING ITS WAY INTO THE AREA. MVFR CONDITIONS AT
ALL SITES WILL GO VFR THIS EVENING AND WILL STAY THAT WAY INTO
FRIDAY MORNING. FRIDAY, A LOW PRESSURE PASSING NORTH OF LAKE
SUPERIOR WILL INCREASE SOUTH-SOUTHWEST WINDS IN THE MORNING WHERE
GUSTS UPWARDS OF 25-30KTS ARE POSSIBLE AT ALL SITES THROUGH THE
AFTERNOON. THE UPTICK IN WINDS ALOFT WILL ALSO BRING POTENTIAL LOW
LEVEL WIND SHEAR IMPACTS AT IWD. MVFR CONDITIONS WILL COME BACK IN
BY FRI AFTERNOON. CMX WILL HAVE SOME BLOWING SNOW WITH THE GUSTY
WINDS WHERE IT COULD GET DOWN INTO THE IFR CATEGORY.
MARINE
ISSUED AT 506 PM EST THU JAN 16 2025
A COUPLE OF PASSING CLIPPERS WILL RESULT IN A STRONG PRESSURE
GRADIENT OVER THE LAKE AT TIMES IN THIS PERIOD, FOLLOWED BY
DEEPENING ARCTIC COLD THIS WEEKEND AND EARLY NEXT WEEK.
ONGOING NW WINDS TO 20-30KT, STRONGEST OVER EASTERN LAKE SUPERIOR
WILL FALL BRIEFLY TO 20KT OR LESS BY LATE EVENING AS SFC HIGH PRES
RIDGE QUICKLY PASSES. WINDS THEN INCREASE AGAIN LATE TONIGHT INTO
FRIDAY AS NEXT CLIPPER SYSTEM APPROACHES. S TO SW GALES ARE LIKELY
BY FRI MORNING AS WINDS ARE ENHANCED BY STRONG PRESSURE FALLS
PASSING OVER THE AREA WITH THE MAX PRES FALLS PASSING BY JUST N OF
THE LAKE. GALES WILL REACH 40-45KT ACROSS THE E HALF, INCLUDING A 15-
25PCT CHANCE OF PEAK GUSTS REACHING STORM FORCE. AFTER THE COLD
FRONT ASSOCIATED WITH THE CLIPPER CROSSES THE LAKE FRI AFTN/NIGHT,
NW GALES WILL DEVELOP AS COLDER AIR FLOWS INTO THE AREA WITH WINDS
ENHANCED BY INCOMING PRES RISES. ANOTHER HIGH END GALE WILL OCCUR
WITH THE NW WINDS, INCLUDING A 15-25PCT CHANCE OF PEAK GUSTS
REACHING STORM FORCE. THESE STRONGER WINDS WILL DIMINISH DURING THE
DAY SAT, BUT INCREASINGLY COLDER AIR FLOWING OVER THE LAKE WILL
SUPPORT 20-30KT WINDS. THERE IS ALSO SOME LOCAL GALE POTENTIAL WHERE
WNW/NW WINDS OVER THE LAKE CONVERGE WITH WINDS LOCALLY ALTERED BY
VERY COLD AIR FLOWING OFF OF THE LAND. THERE AREA SOME INDICATIONS
FOR ANOTHER CLIPPER MIDDLE OF NEXT WEEK, WHICH COULD INCREASE WINDS
AGAIN.
THE INCREASINGLY COLDER AIR ARRIVING OVER WEEKEND WILL SUPPORT ICE
ACCRETION FROM FREEZING SPRAY. EXPECTING MODERATE TO HEAVY ICE
ACCRETION RATES AT TIMES.
MQT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES
UPPER MICHIGAN...
WIND ADVISORY FROM 8 AM TO 3 PM EST FRIDAY FOR MIZ005-006.
LAKE SUPERIOR...
GALE WARNING FROM 7 AM EST /6 AM CST/ FRIDAY TO 1 PM EST /NOON
CST/ SATURDAY FOR LSZ162-240>251-263>267.
LAKE MICHIGAN...
GALE WARNING FROM 9 AM TO 7 PM EST FRIDAY FOR LMZ221-248-250.
SHORT TERM...BW
LONG TERM...ROLFSON
AVIATION...07
MARINE...ROLFSON
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