546  
FXUS65 KPSR 202346  
AFDPSR  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE PHOENIX AZ  
445 PM MST TUE OCT 20 2026  
   
UPDATE  
00Z AVIATION DISCUSSION  
 
 
   
KEY MESSAGES  
 
- A PACIFIC LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM WILL BRING MULTIPLE ROUNDS OF  
SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS, MAINLY ACROSS CENTRAL AND EASTERN  
ARIZONA, WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY.  
 
- A FLOOD WATCH IS IN EFFECT ACROSS MUCH OF SOUTH-CENTRAL AND EASTERN  
ARIZONA FROM WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH THURSDAY EVENING FOR  
PERIODS OF MODERATE TO HEAVY RAINFALL LEADING TO FLASH FLOODING.  
 
- QUIETER WEATHER IS EXPECTED BEGINNING FRIDAY AND LASTING THROUGH  
THE UPCOMING WEEKEND.  
 
 
   
SHORT TERM /TODAY THROUGH THURSDAY/  
 
A VERY ACTIVE PERIOD IS SHAPING UP DURING THE MIDDLE PORTION OF  
THE WEEK AS A STRONG PACIFIC LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM AFFECTS THE  
DESERT SOUTHWEST, BRINGING MULTIPLE ROUNDS OF SHOWERS AND  
THUNDERSTORMS. LATEST WATER VAPOR SATELLITE IMAGERY AS WELL AS  
OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS SHOW THE AFOREMENTIONED LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM  
CENTERED OFF THE NORTHERN CA COAST THIS MORNING. THE LOW PRESSURE  
SYSTEM IS EXPECTED TO CONTINUE TO DIVE SOUTHWARD AND SET UP OFF  
THE SOUTHERN CA COAST BY THIS EVENING. IN THE MEANTIME, AN UPPER-  
LEVEL SHORTWAVE THAT WAS RESPONSIBLE IN SPARKING SCATTERED  
CONVECTION YESTERDAY ACROSS THE SOUTHEASTERN HALF OF AZ CONTINUES  
TO LIFT AWAY FROM THE REGION WITH WEAK SUBSIDENCE OVERHEAD.  
THEREFORE, CONDITIONS FOR THIS AFTERNOON SHOULD REMAIN RELATIVELY  
QUIET WITH DRY CONDITIONS PREVAILING ACROSS THE REGION; THE ONLY  
EXCEPTION BEING NEAR THE VICINITY OF THE WHITE MOUNTAINS WHERE THE  
COMBINATION OF SUFFICIENT MID-LEVEL MOISTURE AND OROGRAPHIC LIFT  
WILL LIKELY SPARK A FEW AFTERNOON SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS. WITH  
UPPER-LEVEL HEIGHTS RISING AHEAD OF THE DIGGING PACIFIC LOW,  
AFTERNOON HIGH TEMPERATURES TODAY WILL BE A FEW DEGREES ABOVE  
NORMAL AS MANY OF THE LOWER DESERT COMMUNITIES TOP OUT AROUND 90  
DEGREES.  
 
AS THE PACIFIC LOW POSITIONS ITSELF OFF THE SOUTHERN CA COAST LATER  
THIS EVENING, THE FLOW ALOFT WILL BECOME ESTABLISHED MORE OUT OF THE  
SOUTH. THIS WILL RESULT ROBUST MOISTURE ADVECTION WITH PWAT VALUES  
BY EARLY WEDNESDAY MORNING EXPECTED TO APPROACH 250-300% OF NORMAL  
AND WILL BE NEAR RECORD LEVELS FOR MID-OCTOBER. THERE WILL ALSO BE A  
SHORTWAVE OUT AHEAD OF THE MAIN PACIFIC TROUGH THAT WILL TRAVERSE  
THE REGION EARLY WEDNESDAY MORNING, WHICH MAY SPARK AREAS OF  
SHOWERS, ESPECIALLY ACROSS THE HIGHER TERRAIN AREAS. OTHERWISE, THE  
MAIN PERIOD OF IMPACTFUL WEATHER IS LIKELY TO OCCUR FROM WEDNESDAY  
AFTERNOON THROUGH THURSDAY. LATEST GUIDANCE CONTINUES TO SHOW  
MODERATE INSTABILITY BUILDING ACROSS MUCH OF SOUTH-CENTRAL AND  
EASTERN AZ WEDNESDAY WITH MLCAPE VALUES APPROACHING 1000 J/KG. THIS  
AMOUNT OF INSTABILITY COMBINED WITH ABUNDANT MOISTURE WILL YIELD A  
FAVORABLE ENVIRONMENT FOR THUNDERSTORMS TO PRODUCE HEAVY RAINFALL  
RATES IN EXCESS OF 1-2"/HR WITH TRAINING OF ACTIVITY LIKELY TO OCCUR  
AND THUS HEIGHTENING THE POTENTIAL FOR FLASH FLOODING. LATEST HI-  
RES GUIDANCE SHOWS ACTIVITY DEVELOPING WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON ACROSS  
HIGHER TERRAIN AREAS EAST OF PHOENIX BEFORE ACTIVITY DEVELOPS INTO  
THE SOUTH-CENTRAL AZ LOWER DESERTS HEADING INTO WEDNESDAY EVENING  
AND CONTINUING INTO THE OVERNIGHT AND MORNING HOURS OF THURSDAY  
AS THE MAIN UPPER-LEVEL JET STREAK ENERGY APPROACHES, RESULTING IN  
STRONG DIVERGENCE ALOFT. THE PERIOD BETWEEN WEDNESDAY EVENING  
THROUGH THURSDAY AFTERNOON WILL LIKELY BE THE TIMEFRAME WITH THE  
GREATEST THREAT FOR WIDESPREAD HEAVY RAINFALL AND THUS FLASH  
FLOODING. LATEST WPC QPF DEPICTS TOTAL RAINFALL AMOUNTS OF  
1.50-2.50" ACROSS THE FOOTHILLS AND HIGHER TERRAIN AREAS NORTH AND  
EAST OF PHOENIX WHILE ACROSS THE LOWER DESERTS, AVERAGE RAINFALL  
AMOUNTS WILL REMAIN UNDER AN INCH. HOWEVER, EVEN ACROSS THE LOWER  
DESERTS, ESPECIALLY WITH ANY TRAINING OF ACTIVITY, THERE WILL BE  
THE POTENTIAL FOR AREAS TO RECEIVE LOCALLY HIGHER RAINFALL AMOUNTS  
IN EXCESS OF 1". IN COORDINATION WITH THE NEIGHBORING OFFICES, A  
FLOOD WATCH HAS BEEN ISSUED ACROSS MUCH OF SOUTH-CENTRAL AND  
EASTERN AZ.  
 
IN ADDITION TO THE HEAVY RAINFALL AND FLASH FLOOD THREAT, ANOTHER  
THREAT TO WATCH OUT FOR WILL BE SEVERE WEATHER. GIVEN THE MODERATE  
LEVELS OF INSTABILITY IN PLACE COMBINED WITH STRONG 0-6 KM VERTICAL  
SHEAR IN EXCESS OF 50 KTS, THE THUNDERSTORMS THAT DO DEVELOP WILL  
LIKELY HAVE SOME ORGANIZATION TO THEM WITH THE POTENTIAL TO ACQUIRE  
SUPERCELLULAR CHARACTERISTICS. IN FACT, THE STORM PREDICTION CENTER  
HAS HIGHLIGHTED MUCH OF THE HIGHER TERRAIN AREAS EAST OF PHOENIX IN  
A SLIGHT RISK (LEVEL 2 OUT 5) FOR SEVERE WEATHER FOR WEDNESDAY, WITH  
A MARGINAL RISK (LEVEL 1 OUT 5) ACROSS THE REST OF SOUTH-CENTRAL AZ,  
INCLUDING THE PHOENIX METRO AREA. THE THUNDERSTORMS THAT DO DEVELOP  
WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING DAMAGING WIND GUSTS, LARGE HAIL, AND  
EVEN AN ISOLATED TORNADO GIVEN THAT THERE WILL BE ABOUT 10-20 KTS OF  
LOW-LEVEL SHEAR. THE THREAT OF SEVERE WEATHER WILL ALSO EXIST INTO  
THURSDAY AS WELL, ESPECIALLY THURSDAY MORNING, AS THE INSTABILITY  
AND SHEAR PARAMETERS WILL STILL BE SUFFICIENT.  
 
AS THE UPPER TROUGH GRADUALLY PUSHES INLAND THROUGH THE SOUTHERN  
GREAT BASIN DURING THE DAY ON THURSDAY, STRONG DRY AIR ADVECTION  
WILL GRADUALLY SPREAD FROM WEST TO EAST WITH RAIN CHANCES ENDING  
LATE THURSDAY AFTERNOON ACROSS THE SOUTH-CENTRAL AZ LOWER DESERTS  
AND LIKELY TAKE UNTIL LATE THURSDAY NIGHT INTO EARLY FRIDAY  
MORNING FOR RAIN CHANCES TO END ACROSS THE HIGHER TERRAIN AREAS.  
 
WITH THE MAIN TROUGH AXIS STILL REMAINING FAR ENOUGH WEST ON  
WEDNESDAY, AFTERNOON HIGH TEMPERATURES WILL STILL BE NEAR NORMAL AS  
READINGS TOP OUT IN THE MID TO UPPER 80S. AS THE MAIN TROUGH AXIS  
PUSHES INLAND THROUGH THE SOUTHERN GREAT BASIN ON THURSDAY,  
TEMPERATURES WILL BE NOTICEABLY COOLER WITH AFTERNOON HIGHS TOPPING  
OUT IN THE LOW 80S ACROSS THE SOUTH-CENTRAL AZ LOWER DESERTS TO LOW  
TO MID 80S ACROSS THE WESTERN DESERTS. DEPENDING ON THE AMOUNT OF  
CLOUD COVER AND RAINFALL ACTIVITY, THERE IS THE POTENTIAL THAT  
TEMPERATURES IN SOUTH-CENTRAL AZ TURN OUT TO BE COOLER THAN WHAT IS  
CURRENTLY FORECASTED.  
 
 
   
LONG TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY/  
 
MUCH QUIETER WEATHER IS EXPECTED STARTING FRIDAY WITH MUCH DRIER  
AIR IN PLACE BEHIND THE DEPARTING TROUGH. ANOTHER FOLLOW-ON  
SHORTWAVE IS LIKELY TO DIVE IN FROM THE NORTHWEST LATE FRIDAY INTO  
SATURDAY WITH GUIDANCE INDICATING THAT THIS SHORTWAVE WILL BECOME  
A CUTOFF LOW OVER AZ AS IT DETACHES FROM THE MAIN JET STREAM  
ENERGY. AT THIS TIME, THIS FEATURE IS LIKELY TO BE INCONSEQUENTIAL  
GIVEN THAT THERE WILL BE AN ABUNDANCE OF DRY AIR IN PLACE  
LIMITING ANY ADDITIONAL RAINFALL POTENTIAL. UNDER THE GENERAL  
TROUGHING INFLUENCE, AFTERNOON HIGH TEMPERATURES THROUGH THE  
UPCOMING WEEKEND WILL REMAIN BELOW NORMAL. COOLEST DAY IS EXPECTED  
ON FRIDAY WHEN MUCH OF THE LOWER DESERTS STRUGGLE TO REACH 80  
DEGREES FOR AFTERNOON HIGHS.  
 
 
   
AVIATION  
UPDATED AT 2345Z.  
 
SOUTH CENTRAL ARIZONA INCLUDING KPHX, KIWA, KSDL, AND KDVT:  
THE MAIN AVIATION CONCERN WILL BE POTENTIAL FOR MULTIPLE ROUNDS OF  
TS DURING THE TAF PERIOD. THE FIRST WINDOW WOULD BE AROUND 06-10Z  
THIS EVENING/TONIGHT, BUT CONFIDENCE REGARDING IF THIS ACTIVITY  
COMES TO FRUITION IS LOW AT THIS TIME. TO REFLECT THIS  
UNCERTAINTY, PROB30S FOR EACH TERMINAL HAVE BEEN MAINTAINED. THERE  
IS BETTER CONFIDENCE IN THE OCCURRENCE OF THE SECOND ROUND, WITH  
CURRENT PROJECTED TIMING FOR OPERATIONAL IMPACTS BETWEEN 20-00Z  
WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON. WITH THIS HIGHER CONFIDENCE, TEMPO GROUPS  
HAVE BEEN ADDED FOR EACH SITE DURING THIS TIMEFRAME. LOW CIGS  
AROUND 5-6 KFT, GUSTY AND ERRATIC WINDS, AND REDUCED SURFACE VIS  
WILL ACCOMPANY ANY TSRA THAT MOVE OVER THE TERMINALS.  
 
OUTSIDE THESE WINDOWS OF CONVECTION, CONDITIONS SHOULD BE FAIRLY  
QUIET. WINDS LOOK TO MAINTAIN AN EASTERLY COMPONENT THROUGH  
WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON. SCT-BKN CLOUD DECKS AOA 7 KFT WILL BE COMMON.  
 
SOUTHEAST CALIFORNIA/SOUTHWEST ARIZONA INCLUDING KIPL AND KBLH:  
NO MAJOR AVIATION CONCERNS ARE EXPECTED DURING THE NEXT 24 HOURS.  
WINDS WILL BE LIGHT THROUGH TONIGHT WITH EXTENDED PERIODS OF VRB  
CONDITIONS. SE AND S FLOW AT KIPL AND KBLH RESPECTIVELY WILL BECOME  
ESTABLISHED BY LATE WEDNESDAY MORNING AHEAD OF BREEZY CONDITIONS AT  
THE LATTER TERMINAL DURING THE AFTERNOON.  
 
 
   
FIRE WEATHER  
 
WIND SPEEDS TODAY WILL GENERALLY REMAIN LIGHT WITH LIMITED  
AFTERNOON GUSTINESS BEFORE INCREASING TOWARDS THE MIDDLE OF THE  
WEEK AHEAD OF AN APPROACHING WEATHER SYSTEM. MAINLY DRY CONDITIONS  
WILL PREVAIL THIS AFTERNOON BEFORE RAIN CHANCES INCREASE  
SUBSTANTIALLY WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY WITH SIGNIFICANT RAINFALL  
AMOUNTS, IN EXCESS OF 1.00", LIKELY ACROSS THE HIGHER TERRAIN  
AREAS OF THE EASTERN DISTRICTS. MINRHS TODAY WILL RANGE BETWEEN  
30-50% BEFORE INCREASING ABOVE 50-60% ACROSS THE EASTERN DISTRICTS  
WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY ALONG WITH GOOD TO EXCELLENT OVERNIGHT  
RECOVERIES. TEMPERATURES WILL BE IN A NEAR NORMAL RANGE TOMORROW  
BEFORE FALLING INTO A BELOW NORMAL CATEGORY BY THE END OF THE WEEK  
AND LASTING THROUGH THE WEEKEND.  
 
 
   
PSR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES  
 
AZ...FLOOD WATCH FROM WEDNESDAY MORNING THROUGH THURSDAY EVENING FOR  
AZZ545-547-552-556>558-560>563.  
 
FLOOD WATCH FROM WEDNESDAY EVENING THROUGH THURSDAY AFTERNOON  
FOR AZZ534-537-538-540>544-546-548>551-553>555.  
 
CA...NONE.  
 
 
 
 
SHORT TERM...95/LOJERO  
LONG TERM...LOJERO  
AVIATION...RW  
FIRE WEATHER...95/LOJERO  
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