072  
FXUS61 KRNK 152350  
AFDRNK  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BLACKSBURG VA  
650 PM EST SAT FEB 15 2025  
   
SYNOPSIS  
 
A STRONG FRONT WILL TRACK THROUGH THE AREA SUNDAY WITH A BAND OF  
SHOWERS AND POSSIBLY A THUNDERSTORM INCREASING THE THREAT OF  
FLOODING. BLUSTERY AND MUCH COLDER CONDITIONS ARRIVE SUNDAY  
NIGHT AND MONDAY AS THE LOW TRACKS ACROSS NEW ENGLAND.  
 
 
   
NEAR TERM /THROUGH SUNDAY/  
 
AS OF 630 PM EST SATURDAY...  
 
KEY MESSAGE:  
 
- WINTER WEATHER ADVISORIES CANCELLED  
- FLOODING ONGOING ACROSS MUCH OF SOUTHEAST WV AND  
SOUTHWEST VA. FLOOD WATCH CONTINUES.  
- AREAS OF FOG TONIGHT  
- WIND ADVISORY ISSUED FOR SUNDAY INTO MONDAY  
 
WEST-EAST ORIENTED AREA OF RAIN HAD STAY FAIRLY PERSISTENT  
THROUGH THE DAY WHICH HAS PRODUCED MUCH MORE RAIN THAN EARLIER  
FORECAST, WITH 2-3 INCHES COMMON OVER SOUTHEAST WV INTO FAR SW  
VA EAST TO THE BLUE RIDGE. THIS HAS LED TO EXTENSIVE FLOODING  
ALONG AREA CREEKS/STREAM AND RIVERS, WITH HARDEST HIT AREAS IN  
SOUTHERN WV INTO FAR SOUTHWEST VIRGINIA.  
 
LATEST RADAR TRENDS FINALLY SHOW THIS AREA OF RAIN MOVING NORTH  
AND HIGH RES SOLUTIONS HAVE IT PUSHING OUT OF THE I-64 CORRIDOR  
BY MIDNIGHT, WHILE ANOTHER AREA OF RAIN STARTS TO TRACK TOWARD  
THE NC PIEDMONT INTO SOUTHSIDE VA, THOUGH THIS AREA HAS NOT BEEN  
AS HARD HIT.  
 
WILL LEAVE THE FLOOD WATCHES GOING.  
 
FOG WILL ALSO BECOME A CONCERN, AND THOSE TRAVELING WILL NEED TO  
BE ALERT AS DEBRIS AND FLOODING ROADS WILL BE A HAZARD ON  
ROADWAYS, ESPECIALLY IN SOUTHWEST VA AND SOUTHEAST WV TONIGHT.  
 
PREVIOUS DISCUSSION...  
 
TEMPERATURES ALONG THE BLUE RIDGE WERE RISING SLOWLY, BUT WERE STILL  
FROM NEAR 32 DEGREES AS OF 2PM. DEEP MOISTURE AND STRONG  
SYNOPTIC SCALE LIFT HAD RETURNED TO THE MID ATLANTIC REGION. THE  
SOUTHERN EDGE OF THE WARM FRONT AND ISENTROPIC LIFT ADVANCE  
NORTH OF I-64 WEST OF LEXINGTON DURING THE EVENING. SOUTH OF THE  
WARM FRONT PRECIPITATION WILL STOP OR BECOME MUCH LIGHTER.  
HOWEVER, WITH A LIGHT WIND AT THE SURFACE AND ABUNDANT LOW LEVEL  
MOISTURE, FOG WILL DEVELOP OVERNIGHT. DENSE FOG, WITH  
VISIBILITY AT OR BELOW ONE HALF MILE, IS POSSIBLE. GIVEN THE  
AMOUNT OF TREE BRANCHES AND POWER LINES ON ROADS IN THE AREA,  
ANY FOG WILL MAKE IT ESPECIALLY DIFFICULT TO SEE THESE HAZARDS.  
 
THE UPPER TROUGH IN THE SOUTHERN STREAM DIGS INTO THE LOWER  
MISSISSIPPI VALLEY TONIGHT, THEN ROUNDS THE BASE OF THE LONG WAVE  
TROUGH AND LIFTS NORTHEAST ACROSS TO THE MID ATLANTIC COAST ON  
SUNDAY, LOWERING 500 MB HEIGHTS LATE TONIGHT AND SUNDAY.  
 
SIGNIFICANT CHANGE IN AIR MASS AND INTENSE COLD AIR ADVECTION STARTS  
SUNDAY AFTERNOON BEHIND A COLD FRONT. IMPRESSIVE UPPER DIFFLUENCE  
REACHES THE SOUTHERN BLUE RIDGE BY SUNDAY MORNING. TONIGHT THROUGH  
THE TIME THE FRONT CROSSES THE AREA ON SUNDAY 850MB TEMPERATURES  
WILL BE IN THE +6 TO +10 RANGE. BY THE END OF THE DAY SUNDAY 850 MB  
TEMPERATURES CRASH TO -4 TO -8. BUFKIT FORECAST SOUNDINGS FROM THE  
3KM NAM SHOWED A SURGE IN WIND IMMEDIATELY BEHIND A COLD FRONT. THE  
BOUNDARY CROSSES THE AREA BETWEEN 8AM AND 4PM. MODELS DEPICT A 60  
KNOT CROSS BARRIER LOW-LEVEL JET BEHIND THE FRONT BY SUNDAY EVENING.  
 
 
   
SHORT TERM /SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY NIGHT/  
 
AS OF 130 PM EST SATURDAY...  
 
KEY POINTS:  
 
1. WIND ADVISORY CONCERNS SUNDAY NIGHT INTO EARLY MONDAY  
2. LOW WIND CHILLS SUNDAY NIGHT INTO EARLY MONDAY MORNING.  
3. DRY AND COLDER TUESDAY.  
4. ONSET OF POTENTIAL WINTER STORM LATE TUESDAY NIGHT.  
 
A LOOK AT THE 15 FEB 00Z NCEP ENSEMBLE MEAN 500MB GEOPOTENTIAL  
HEIGHTS SHOW A DOUBLE BARREL CLOSED LOW EXTENDING FROM MANITOBA TO  
QUEBEC EARLY SUNDAY NIGHT. TWO ASSOCIATED TROUGH AXIS EXTEND FROM  
THIS SYSTEM. ONE WILL EXTEND EASTWARD OVER NEW ENGLAND. THE SECOND  
WILL EXTEND SOUTH INTO THE OHIO VALLEY. AS WE PROGRESS THROUGH  
MONDAY AND INTO MONDAY EVENING, THE UPPER LOW WILL DEEPEN AND MERGE  
INTO ONE LOW CENTER, AND SHIFT EAST TO OVER THE CANADIAN MARITIMES.  
NEARLY ZONAL FLOW IS EXPECTED OVER OUR REGION. A TRAILING TROUGH  
ASSOCIATED WITH THE UPPER LOW IS EXPECTED TO EXTEND WESTWARD INTO  
SOUTH CENTRAL CANADA. FOR TUESDAY INTO TUESDAY NIGHT, THE TROUGH OVER  
SOUTH CENTRAL CANADA HEADS SOUTH INTO CENTRAL CONUS AND BEGINS TO  
DEEPEN. IN RESPONSE, FLOW OVER OUR REGION STARTS TO BACK AND HEIGHTS  
INCREASE SLIGHTLY.  
 
AT THE SURFACE, LOW PRESSURE IS EXPECTED TO BE LOCATED OVER NEW  
ENGLAND EARLY SUNDAY EVENING WITH A TAILING COLD FRONT ALONG THE MID-  
ATLANTIC COAST AND EASTERN SECTIONS OF THE CAROLINAS. CONCURRENTLY,  
AN AREA OF HIGH PRESSURE WILL EXTEND FROM SOUTH CENTRAL CANADA, SOUTH  
TO TEXAS. BY MONDAY INTO MONDAY NIGHT, THE AXIS OF THE CENTRAL US  
RIDGE IS EXPECTED TO SHIFT EASTWARD TO OVER THE SOUTHEAST US. THE  
LOW OVER NEW ENGLAND IS EXPECTED TO MAKE GRADUAL PROGRESS TO OVER  
THE CANADIAN MARITIMES. FOR TUESDAY INTO TUESDAY NIGHT, THE AXIS OF  
THE RIDGE SHIFTS TO OVER OUR REGION. CONCURRENTLY, AN INVERTED  
TROUGH BEGINS TO DEVELOP FROM SOUTH TEXAS INTO THE LOWER MISSISSIPPI  
VALLEY.  
 
A LOOK AT THE 15 FEB 00Z NAEFS ENSEMBLE SITUATIONAL AWARENESS DATA  
SHOWS 850MB TEMPERATURES SUNDAY NIGHT FALLING BEHIND A DEPARTING  
COLD FRONT. BY DAYBREAK MONDAY, VALUES ARE EXPECTED TO RANGE FROM  
-14C TO -10C, NW-SE. THESE VALUES CORRESPOND TO THE 2.5 TO 10  
PERCENTILE OF THE 30-YEAR CFSR CLIMATOLOGY. ON MONDAY, THESE VALUES  
MODERATE A BIT, REACHING A RANGE OF -9C TO -4C, N-S, BY THE EARLY  
EVENING. A SLIGHT WARMING TREND CONTINUES MONDAY NIGHT WITH VALUES  
BY DAYBREAK TUESDAY RANGING FROM -8C TO -2C, N-S. ON TUESDAY, VALUES  
REMAIN ABOUT THE SAME. ONLY A SMALL INCREASE IS EXPECTED TUESDAY  
NIGHT, REACHING -7C TO -2C, N-S.  
 
THE ABOVE WEATHER PATTERNS OFFERS A SUNDAY NIGHT WHERE OUR REGION  
WILL BE ON THE BACK SIDE OF THE EXITING LOW PRESSURE AND THE  
BUILDING OF HIGH PRESSURE TO OUR WEST. THE RESULT WILL BE A TIGHT  
PRESSURE GRADIENT BETWEEN THE TWO WITH VERY GUSTY CONDITIONS ACROSS  
THE REGION. THE NORTHWEST FLOW WILL HELP MAINTAIN UPSLOPE SNOW  
SHOWERS ACROSS THE PREFERRED REGIONS OF SOUTHEAST WEST VIRGINIA,  
SOUTH INTO THE NORTHERN MOUNTAINS OF NORTH CAROLINA. SNOWFALL AMOUNTS  
SHOULD BE MINIMAL, WITH THE HIGHEST TOTALS OVER WESTERN GREENBRIER  
COUNTY.  
 
FORECAST 850MB WINDS ARE EXPECTED TO RANGE FROM ABOUT 40 TO 50KTS  
ACROSS THE REGION. THE CONCERN IS THE POTENTIAL FOR WIND ADVISORY OR  
NEAR WARNING CRITERIA WINDS. COMBINE THE EXPECTED WIND SPEEDS WITH  
BOTH SATURATED SOILS AND LINGERING DAMAGED TREES/LIMBS FROM THE  
RECENT FREEZING RAIN EVENT, AND THE INGREDIENTS ARE THERE FOR TREES  
AND POWER LINES TO BE BROUGHT DOWN.  
 
AS COLDER AIR SURGES INTO THE AREA, THE COMBINATION OF THE COLDER  
TEMPERATURES AND STRONGER WINDS WILL HELP TO PRODUCE LOW WIND  
CHILLS. THE TEENS TO LOWER 20S ARE EXPECTED FOR THE PIEDMONT REGION.  
SINGLE DIGITS WILL BE COMMON ACROSS THE MOUNTAINS WITH THE SINGLE  
DIGITS BELOW ZERO POSSIBLE FOR WESTERN GREENBRIER COUNTY AND SOME OF  
THE HIGHEST PEAKS OF THE MOUNTAIN EMPIRE REGION OF SOUTHWEST  
VIRGINIA AND THE MOUNTAINS OF NORTHWEST NORTH CAROLINA  
 
WINDS DECREASE THROUGH THE DAY ON MONDAY AND EVEN MORE SO MONDAY  
NIGHT INTO TUESDAY. TEMPERATURES WILL BE BELOW NORMAL FOR THIS TIME  
OF YEAR.  
 
FOR TUESDAY NIGHT, WE EXPECT INCREASING CLOUD COVER IN ADVANCE OF  
OUR NEXT APPROACHING SYSTEM. THIS SYSTEM WILL BE IN ASSOCIATION WITH  
THE DEVELOPING INVERTED TROUGH ACROSS THE SOUTHERN PORTION OF THE  
US. MOISTURE WILL BEGIN TO STREAM INTO OUR AREA IN ADVANCE OF THIS  
SYSTEM. BY DAYBREAK WEDNESDAY, WESTERN AND NORTHERN PARTS OF THE  
AREA MAY START EXPERIENCING PRECIPITATION FROM THIS SYSTEM. MODELS  
ARE IN PRETTY GOOD AGREEMENT THAT CONDITIONS AT THE SURFACE AND  
WITHIN THE LOW LEVEL PROFILE WILL BE COLD ENOUGH FOR SNOW AT THE  
ONSET.  
 
 
   
LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/  
 
AS OF 130 PM EST SATURDAY...  
 
KEY POINTS:  
 
1. INCREASING CONFIDENCE OF A WINTER STORM WEDNESDAY INTO THURSDAY.  
2. DRIER AND TRENDING SLIGHTLY MILDER FRIDAY INTO SATURDAY.  
 
A LOOK AT THE 15 FEB 00Z NCEP ENSEMBLE MEAN 500MB GEOPOTENTIAL  
HEIGHTS SHOWS THE FORMATION OF A CLOSED LOW WEDNESDAY INTO WEDNESDAY  
NIGHT OVER THE GREAT LAKES REGION. AN ASSOCIATED SHORTWAVE TROUGH  
EXTENDS SOUTH INTO THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY. BY THURSDAY INTO THURSDAY  
NIGHT, THE LOW OPENS INTO A PROGRESSIVE TROUGH MOVING ACROSS THE  
GREAT LAKES REGION. ITS ASSOCIATED TROUGH AXIS MOVES ACROSS THE MID-  
ATLANTIC REGION. FOR FRIDAY INTO FRIDAY NIGHT, THE TROUGH PROGRESSES  
TO THE AREA OF NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR, A SHORTWAVE RIDGE BUILDS  
OVER THE MIDWEST, AND A NEW TROUGH STARTS DEVELOPING FROM THE  
NORTHERN PLAINS STATES, SOUTHWEST INTO THE FOUR CORNERS REGION. ON  
SATURDAY, THE TROUGH TO OUR WEST MOVES EASTWARD AND EVOLVES TO  
LONGWAVE TROUGH PATTERN CENTERED OVER THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY.  
 
AT THE SURFACE, THE AXIS OF THE RIDGE OVER OUR REGION WEAKENS IN  
RESPONSE TO THE SOUTHERN US INVERTED TROUGH PROGRESSING EASTWARD. AS  
IT MOVES EASTWARD, ITS INFLUENCE IS EXPECTED TO EXPAND NORTHEASTWARD  
WITH ITS AXIS EXTENDING FROM FLORIDA TO JUST OFF THE COAST OF THE  
CAROLINAS BY WEDNESDAY EVENING. FOR THURSDAY INTO THURSDAY NIGHT,  
THE INVERTED TROUGH DEEPENS INTO A CLOSED LOW IN THE WESTERN  
ATLANTIC EAST OF NEW ENGLAND AND SOUTH OF NOVA SCOTIA. HIGH PRESSURE  
OVER THE CENTRAL US EXPENDS EASTWARD INTO THE TENNESSEE VALLEY. FOR  
FRIDAY INTO FRIDAY NIGHT, THE CENTRAL US HIGH CONTINUES ITS  
EXPANSION EASTWARD. SATURDAY INTO EARLY SATURDAY NIGHT, THE CENTER  
OF THE HIGH SHIFTS TO THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS.  
 
A LOOK AT THE 15 FEB 00Z NAEFS ENSEMBLE SITUATIONAL AWARENESS DATA  
SHOWS 850MB TEMPERATURES BY THE EARLY EVENING ON WEDNESDAY ARE  
EXPECTED TO RANGE FROM -6C TO -2C, NW-SE. WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH  
THURSDAY, VALUES WILL TREND LOWER, REACHING A RANGE OF -13C TO -10C,  
NW-SE BY THURSDAY EVENING. THESE VALUES WILL CORRESPOND TO THE 2.5  
TO 10 PERCENTILE OF THE 30-YEAR CFSR CLIMATOLOGY. FOR THE FAR  
SOUTHWEST PORTION OF THE AREA, THE NUMBERS REPRESENT THE 1 TO 2.5  
PERCENTILE. ON THURSDAY NIGHT, ONLY SMALL MODERATION IS EXPECTED  
WITH DAYBREAK FRIDAY VALUES RANGING FROM -12C TO -8C, NW-SE. ON  
FRIDAY, VALUES START TO MODERATE, REACHING -8C TO -6C, NW-SE BY THE  
EARLY EVENING. FRIDAY NIGHT INTO EARLY SATURDAY MORNING, VALUES  
INCREASE TO -6C NORTH TO -4C SOUTH. BY SATURDAY EVENING, EXPECT A  
RANGE OF -5C TO -3C, N-S.  
 
THE ABOVE WEATHER PATTERNS OFFERS A BROAD SHIELD OF PRECIPITATION  
PROGRESSING INTO OUR REGION ON WEDNESDAY IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE  
SOUTHERN STREAM SYSTEM. FOR MOST OF OUR REGION, SURFACE AND LOW  
LEVEL THERMAL PROFILES ARE OFFERING A SNOW FORECAST. ENOUGH OF A  
WARM NOSE MAY INFILTRATE THE SOUTHEASTERN SECTIONS OF THE REGION TO  
OFFER A P-TYPE CHALLENGE. AN ADDITIONAL CHALLENGE, IS HOW MUCH  
INFLUENCE WILL A NORTHERN STREAM SYSTEM HAVE ON THE POTENTIALLY  
MULTI-DAY WINTRY EVENT. THE DETERMINISTIC SOLUTIONS OFFER TOO BROAD  
OF A SPECTRUM OF SOLUTIONS FOR THERE TO BE GOOD CONFIDENCE ON THIS  
QUESTION JUST YET. HOWEVER, THE VARIOUS GUIDANCE EQUALLY DOES NOT  
SUGGEST THERE WILL BE NO INFLUENCE FROM THE NORTHERN SYSTEM. THE  
QUESTION IS MORE WILL THE TWO WORK IN TANDEM WITH EACH OTHER, A  
UNIQUE DISTINCTION BETWEEN THE TWO, OR SOME HYBRID SOLUTION WHERE  
THERE IS SOME INTERACTION BETWEEN THE TWO. OUR MOST RECENT FORECAST  
IS LEANING TOWARD THE THIRD OPTION WITH AT LEAST SOME INTERACTION  
BETWEEN THE TWO.  
 
TAKING A LOOK AT SNOWFALL PROBABILITIES FROM DESI FOR THE 48 HOURS  
CONCLUDING 7PM THURSDAY, CURRENTLY THERE IS A 50 PERCENT PROBABILITY  
OR GREATER OF FIVE INCHES OR GREATER OF SNOWFALL ACROSS ALL OF OUR  
SOUTHEAST WEST VIRGINIA COUNTIES, MOST OF OUR SOUTHWEST VIRGINIA  
COUNTIES EXCEPT THOSE NEAREST THE NORTH CAROLINA BORDER, AND  
SOUTHWEST OF WYTHEVILLE ALONG THE I-81 CORRIDOR. AREAS ALONG AND  
SOUTHEAST OF A REIDSVILLE TO SOUTH BOSTON LINE HAVE A 30 TO 40  
PERCENT PROBABILITY OF EXPERIENCING 0.1 INCH OR MORE OF FREEZING  
RAIN DURING THE SAME TIME PERIOD.  
 
AS WE PROGRESS INTO FRIDAY AND SATURDAY, FOR THE MOST PART,  
PRECIPITATION-FREE CONDITIONS ARE EXPECTED. THE EXCEPTION MAY BE  
SOME RESIDUAL UPSLOPE SNOW SHOWERS ACROSS PORTIONS OF SOUTHEAST WEST  
VIRGINIA. TEMPERATURES ARE EXPECTED TO TREND SLIGHTLY MILDER.  
 
 
   
AVIATION /00Z SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/  
 
AS OF 630 PM EST SATURDAY...  
 
POOR FLYING WEATHER EXPECTED INTO SUNDAY MORNING. LOW CIGS/VSBYS  
WITH LOW LEVEL WIND SHEAR THIS EVENING INTO OVERNIGHT. WILL SEE  
WIND TURN FROM THE EAST-SOUTHEAST TO THE SOUTHWEST OVERNIGHT AS  
WARM FRONT LIFTS NORTH TAKING THE MAJORITY OF THE RAIN WITH IT.  
 
THE COLD FRONT EXPECTED SUNDAY WILL BRING A BAND OF SHOWERS TO  
ALL SITES IN THE 12-18Z TIME FRAME AS WINDS TURN WEST BEHIND  
THE FRONT. GUSTS AHEAD OF THE FRONT WILL EXCEED 25KTS, BUT THE  
HEAD PAST 30-35KTS AT TIMES IN THE AFTERNOON FROM THE WEST. BY  
THIS TIME, ASIDE FROM LWB/BLF ALL SITES WILL IMPROVE TO VFR,  
WHILE LOW CIGS REMAIN INTO SUNDAY EVENING AT BLF/LWB WITH  
POTENTIAL SNOW SHOWERS.  
 
   
EXTENDED AVIATION OUTLOOK  
 
 
ASIDE FROM SOME LINGERING SUB-VFR MONDAY MORNING EXPECT VFR INTO  
TUESDAY. ANOTHER STORM LOOKS TO BRING WINTER PRECIP WED-THU WITH  
THE MID-ATLANTIC VERY WELL BEING IMPACTED CONSIDERABLY.  
 
 
   
HYDROLOGY  
 
AS OF 630 PM EST SATURDAY...  
 
KEY MESSAGE:  
 
-FLOOD WATCH IN EFFECT UNTIL SUNDAY EVENING ALONG AND WEST OF  
THE BLUE RIDGE  
 
MAJOR FLOODING FORECAST ON THE CLINCH AT TAZEWELL WITH MODERATE  
FLOODING IS FORECAST FOR THE GREENBRIER RIVER AT ALDERSON.  
POSSIBLY MODERATE FLOODING ALONG THE ROANOKE.  
 
RAINFALL WILL START TO TAPER OFF THIS EVENING BUT THE 2-3 INCHES  
OF RAIN ALONG WITH SATURATED GROUND HAS LED TO MANY CREEKS AND  
RIVERS RISING HIGHER THAN EARLIER FORECAST. BIGGEST IMPACTS ARE  
ACROSS THE CLINCH/BLUESTONE/HOLSTON AND ROANOKE BASINS, WITH THE  
JAMES ALSO BECOMING IMPACTED.  
 
MORE SHOWERS WITH THE FRONT WITH HIGHER RATES COULD EXACERBATE  
THE FLOODING THREAT, BUT OVERNIGHT RAINFALL LOOKS LIMITED  
THANKFULLY.  
 
 
   
RNK WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES  
 
VA...FLOOD WATCH THROUGH SUNDAY EVENING FOR VAZ007-009>020-022>024-  
035.  
WIND ADVISORY FROM NOON SUNDAY TO 4 PM EST MONDAY FOR  
VAZ014>017-022>024-032>035-043>047-058-059.  
WIND ADVISORY FROM NOON SUNDAY TO 1 PM EST MONDAY FOR VAZ007-  
009>013-018>020.  
NC...FLOOD WATCH THROUGH SUNDAY EVENING FOR NCZ001-002-018.  
WIND ADVISORY FROM NOON SUNDAY TO 4 PM EST MONDAY FOR  
NCZ001>006-018>020.  
WV...FLOOD WATCH THROUGH SUNDAY EVENING FOR WVZ042>044-507-508.  
WIND ADVISORY FROM NOON SUNDAY TO 1 PM EST MONDAY FOR  
WVZ042>044-507-508.  
 
 
 
 
 
SYNOPSIS...PM/WP  
NEAR TERM...AMS/WP  
SHORT TERM...DS  
LONG TERM...DS  
AVIATION...AMS/WP  
HYDROLOGY...AMS/WP  
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