996  
FXUS02 KWBC 161850  
PMDEPD  
 
EXTENDED FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NWS WEATHER PREDICTION CENTER COLLEGE PARK MD  
250 PM EDT MON JUN 16 2025  
 
VALID 12Z THU JUN 19 2025 - 12Z MON JUN 23 2025  
 
 
...FIRST SIGNIFICANT HEAT WAVE OF THE SEASON EXPECTED ACROSS MUCH  
OF THE CENTRAL/EASTERN U.S. BEGINNING LATE THIS WEEK/WEEKEND...  
 
...SEVERE WEATHER AND LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL POSSIBLE FOR THE  
APPALACHIANS/MID-ATLANTIC THURSDAY AND UPPER MIDWEST/GREAT LAKES  
FRIDAY...  
 
   
..GENERAL OVERVIEW  
 
THE RISK FOR SEVERE WEATHER AND LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL WILL  
PERSIST ON THURSDAY FROM THE NORTHEAST DOWN THROUGH THE  
APPALACHIANS/MID-ATLANTIC. EXPECT THE FOCUS FOR STORMS TO SHIFT  
NORTHWARD TO THE UPPER MIDWEST/GREAT LAKES FRIDAY WITH ANOTHER  
HEAVY RAINFALL/FLASH FLOOD THREAT POSSIBLE. A SIGNIFICANT HEAT WAVE  
IS SET TO KICK OFF THE START OF SUMMER ACROSS MUCH OF THE  
CENTRAL/EASTERN U.S. LATE THIS WEEK AND INTO THE WEEKEND AS A  
STRONG UPPER LEVEL RIDGE BEGINS TO BUILD IN. THERE IS ALSO SOME  
SIGNAL FOR AN INCREASE IN TROPICAL MOISTURE AND RAINFALL INTO SOUTH  
TEXAS AND THE WESTERN GULF COAST INTO NEXT WEEKEND.  
   
..GUIDANCE/PREDICTABILITY ASSESSMENT  
 
MODEL GUIDANCE REMAINS IN EXCELLENT AGREEMENT WITH THE DEPICTION  
OF THE LARGE SCALE PATTERN THROUGH THE MEDIUM RANGE PERIOD. A  
QAUSI-ZONAL 500MB FLOW PATTERN LATE THIS WEEK INTO THE FIRST HALF  
OF THE WEEKEND IS FORECAST TO BECOME INCREASINGLY AMPLIFIED THROUGH  
EARLY NEXT WEEK, SETTING THE STAGE FOR A HIGH CONFIDENCE,  
SIGNIFICANT HEAT WAVE FROM THE PLAINS TO THE MID-ATLANTIC. SOME  
SMALLER SCALE DIFFERENCES IN TIMING/DEPTH REMAIN WITH THE  
SHORTWAVES LIFTING FROM THE GREAT LAKES THROUGH THE NORTHEAST  
EARLY IN THE PERIOD, AS WELL AS WITH THE SHORTWAVES EMBEDDED WITHIN  
THE PARENT TROUGH ACROSS THE WEST LATER IN THE PERIOD; HOWEVER,  
THESE DIFFERENCES WERE GENERALLY MINOR AND WITHIN THE SPREAD  
TYPICALLY SEEN AT THESE TIME RANGES.  
 
THE WPC FORECAST WAS CONSTRUCTED UTILIZING A COMPOSITE BLEND OF  
THE DETERMINISTIC RUNS OF THE 00Z ECMWF, 00Z CMC, 00Z UKMET, AND  
THE 06Z GFS. SLIGHTLY HIGHER WEIGHTING WAS PLACED ON THE ECMWF AND  
GFS, GIVEN THEIR SIMILARITIES TO THE MACHINE LEARNING GUIDANCE,  
PARTICULARLY THE EC AIFS. BEYOND DAY 5, AN INCREASING PROPORTION  
OF EC AND GEFS ENSEMBLE MEANS UP TO 40 PERCENT WERE INCLUDED IN  
THE BLEND, OFFERING A DESIRABLE BALANCE BETWEEN STABILITY,  
CONTINUITY, AND RESOLUTION OF FEATURES.  
   
..WEATHER/HAZARDS HIGHLIGHTS  
 
ONE MORE DAY OF UNSETTLED WEATHER IS FORECAST BROADLY ACROSS THE  
EASTERN U.S. THURSDAY (DAY 4) WITH THE APPROACH OF ANOTHER UPPER-  
LEVEL WAVE AND LEADING SURFACE FRONTAL SYSTEM. SCATTERED TO  
WIDESPREAD SHOWERS AND STORMS ARE EXPECTED AHEAD OF A COLD FRONT  
STRETCHING FROM THE NORTHEAST SOUTHWEST THROUGH THE MID-  
ATLANTIC/APPALACHIANS AND INTO THE TENNESSEE/LOWER MISSISSIPPI  
VALLEYS. SEASONABLY HIGH PRECIPITABLE WATER VALUES WILL BRING THE  
THREAT FOR SOME LOCALLY HEAVIER RAINFALL AND HAVE MAINTAINED A  
MARGINAL RISK ERO FOR ISOLATED FLASH FLOODING ALONG THE FRONT OVER  
LOWER FFGS/TERRAIN SENSITIVE AREAS FROM THE INTERIOR  
NORTHEAST/NORTHERN NEW ENGLAND SOUTHWEST THROUGH THE APPALACHIANS.  
MODERATE INSTABILITY WITH DAYTIME HEATING AHEAD OF THE FRONT ALONG  
WITH SUFFICIENT SHEAR AS THE UPPER-WAVE APPROACHES WILL BRING THE  
THREAT OF SOME SEVERE STORMS TO THE CENTRAL APPALACHIANS THROUGH  
MID-ATLANTIC AS WELL, WITH THE STORM PREDICTION CENTER NOTING THE  
RISK FOR MAINLY DAMAGING WINDS. STORM POTENTIAL WILL FOCUS  
SOUTHWARD WITH THE FRONT ALONG THE GULF COAST AND NORTHWARD ACROSS  
THE GREAT LAKES/NORTHEAST WITH THE LIFTING UPPER-JET FRIDAY INTO  
THE WEEKEND. EMBEDDED IMPULSES WITHING THE GROWING UPPER-RIDGE OVER  
THE CENTRAL U.S. WILL TRIGGER CONVECTION, POTENTIALLY ORGANIZED,  
ACROSS THE UPPER MIDWEST/GREAT LAKES FRIDAY (DAY 5) WITH A MARGINAL  
RISK ERO IN PLACE AS A STRONG LOW LEVEL JET AND HIGH PRECIPITABLE  
WATER VALUES (2 STANDARD DEVIATIONS ABOVE THE MEAN) SUPPORT THE  
THREAT OF HEAVY RAINFALL/ISOLATED FLASH FLOODING. ADDITIONAL BUT  
UNCERTAIN INFLUX OF TROPICAL MOISTURE INTO SOUTH TEXAS MAY BRING  
LOCALLY HEAVY DOWNPOURS, WITH A MARGINAL RISK FOR DAYS 4/5 FOCUSED  
ALONG THE RIO GRANDE VALLEY FOR NOW, BUT FURTHER ADJUSTMENT/HIGHER  
PROBABILITIES MAY BE NEEDED AS CONFIDENCE IN THIS SCENARIO GROWS.  
THIS INFLUX OF MOISTURE ALSO LOOKS TO BRING PRECIPITATION CHANCES  
FURTHER NORTHWEST INTO WESTERN TEXAS AND THE SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS  
BY LATE WEEKEND/EARLY NEXT WEEK. UPSTREAM, THE ENERGETIC APPROACH  
OF A DEEP UPPER-TROUGH/PACIFIC SYSTEM AND NORTHERN STREAM INTO THE  
WEST WILL BRING INCREASING PRECIPITATION CHANCES TO THE PACIFIC  
NORTHWEST AND NORTHERN ROCKIES/PLAINS FRIDAY THROUGH THE WEEKEND IN  
UNSETTLED FLOW WITH MODERATE RAINFALL POTENTIAL. EVENTUAL LEAD  
FRONTAL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT OVER THE PLAINS MAY BRING A RETURN OF  
THUNDERSTORM CHANCES TO PORTIONS OF THE NORTHERN/CENTRAL PLAINS AND  
MIDWEST SUNDAY-MONDAY.  
 
THE FIRST SIGNIFICANT HEAT WAVE OF THE SEASON IS EXPECTED ACROSS  
THE CENTRAL PLAINS BY FRIDAY, THE MIDDLE/UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY  
BY SATURDAY, AND THE LOWER GREAT LAKES/OHIO VALLEY/MID-ATLANTIC BY  
SUNDAY THANKS TO ANOMALOUS UPPER LEVEL RIDGING BUILDING OVERHEAD.  
THE HEAT WILL ALSO BEGIN TO INTENSIFY ACROSS THE LOWER MISSISSIPPI  
VALLEY AND SOUTHEAST AS WELL AS THE RIDGE EXPANDS EASTWARD.  
WIDESPREAD MAJOR HEAT RISK (LEVEL 3/4) IS FORECAST, INDICATING AN  
INTENSITY OF HEAT THAT EFFECTS ANYONE WITHOUT ADEQUATE COOLING OR  
HYDRATION, AS HEAT INDICES CLIMB TO 95-105, 105-110+ FOR THE LOWER  
MISSISSIPPI VALLEY AND GULF COAST/FLORIDA. IN ADDITION, MUGGY  
OVERNIGHT LOWS IN THE MID-TO UPPER 70S WILL BRING LITTLE OVERNIGHT  
RELIEF FROM THE HEAT. UNFORTUNATELY, THIS HEAT WAVE LOOKS TO  
PERSIST INTO NEXT WEEK. HIGHS WILL BEGIN TO TREND COOLER AND BELOW  
AVERAGE BY AS MUCH AS 10-15 DEGREES ACROSS PORTIONS OF THE  
NORTHWEST BY FRIDAY AND EXPAND INTO THE GREAT BASIN/NORTHERN  
ROCKIES BY THE WEEKEND AS AN UPPER LEVEL TROUGH AND ASSOCIATED  
SURFACE COLD FRONT FROM THE NORTHEAST PACIFIC BEGIN TO OVERSPREAD  
THE REGION.  
 
MILLER/PUTNAM  
 
ADDITIONAL 3-7 DAY HAZARD INFORMATION CAN BE FOUND ON THE WPC  
MEDIUM RANGE HAZARDS OUTLOOK CHART AT:  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/THREATS/THREATS.PHP  
 
WPC MEDIUM RANGE 500MB HEIGHTS, SURFACE SYSTEMS, WEATHER GRIDS,  
QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION FORECAST (QPF), EXCESSIVE RAINFALL  
OUTLOOK (ERO), WINTER WEATHER OUTLOOK (WWO) PROBABILITIES, HEAT  
INDICES, AND KEY MESSAGES CAN BE ACCESSED FROM:  
 
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/MEDR/5DAYFCST500_WBG.GIF  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/MEDR/5DAYFCST_WBG_CONUS.GIF  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/5KM_GRIDS/5KM_GRIDSBODY.HTML  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/QPF/DAY4-7.SHTML  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/#PAGE=ERO  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/WWD/PWPF_D47/PWPF_MEDR.PHP?DAY=4  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/HEAT_INDEX.SHTML  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/#PAGE=OVW  
 
 
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