059  
FXUS02 KWBC 151958  
PMDEPD  
 
EXTENDED FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NWS WEATHER PREDICTION CENTER COLLEGE PARK MD  
358 PM EDT WED OCT 15 2025  
 
VALID 12Z SAT OCT 18 2025 - 12Z WED OCT 22 2025  
 
   
..GUIDANCE/PREDICTABILITY ASSESSMENT  
 
THE DEPICTION OF THE LARGE SCALE PATTERN BY THE LATEST MODEL  
GUIDANCE REMAINS REASONABLY GOOD TO START OFF THE MEDIUM RANGE  
PERIOD, BUT UNCERTAINTY INCREASES QUITE A BIT FOR DAY 5 AND BEYOND.  
GIVEN ONLY MINOR DIFFERENCES OF THE STRENGTH AND TIMING OF AN  
EASTERN U.S. RIDGE, CENTRAL U.S. TROUGH AND WESTERN U.S. RIDGE, A  
COMPOSITE BLEND OF THE 00Z EC, 00Z UKMET, 00Z CMC AND 06Z GFS WERE  
UTILIZED FOR THE DAY 3 AND DAY 4 FORECAST. BY DAY 5, THE TROUGH  
PROGGED TO PUSH FROM THE PACIFIC ACROSS THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST IS  
TRENDING TO BE MUCH MORE PROGRESSIVE COMPARED TO YESTERDAY'S  
PACKAGE. IN FACT, MOST OF YESTERDAY'S GUIDANCE ASIDE FROM THE CMC  
WAS ON BOARD WITH A MUCH SLOWER AND MORE AMPLIFIED SOLUTION, WITH A  
DEEPENING TROUGH DIGGING SOUTHWARD ALONG THE WEST COAST. INSTEAD,  
THE MORE PROGRESSIVE SOLUTION IS NOW LOOKING MORE LIKELY, WITH ALL  
GUIDANCE INCLUDING THE LATEST MACHINE LEARNING GUIDANCE ALL  
DEPICTING THIS EVOLUTION FAIRLY SIMILARLY. THE LATEST 00Z AND 06Z  
RUNS OF THE GFS WERE SLOW TO CATCH ON (AND THUS WERE NOT USED IN  
THE COMPOSITE BLEND FOR DAYS 5-7) BUT THE MOST RECENT 12Z RUN HAS  
JOINED CONSENSUS AS WELL. GIVEN THE STRENGTH AND AMPLITUDE OF THE  
EASTERN U.S. RIDGE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE PERIOD, THE FASTER AND  
MORE PROGRESSIVE FLOW UPSTREAM IS LEADING TO A SHARPER AND MORE  
NEGATIVELY TILTED TROUGH PUSHING FROM THE CENTRAL U.S. INTO THE  
EASTERN U.S. THIS WEEKEND INTO EARLY NEXT WEEK. AS A RESULT, A  
STRONGER AND MORE CONSOLIDATED SURFACE LOW IS LOOKING MORE LIKELY  
TO TRACK ACROSS THE GREAT LAKES, WITH IMPLICATIONS TO QPF AND  
HAZARDS. MORE ON THAT BELOW. GIVEN THE ABOVE, THE DAYS 5-7 FORECAST  
CONSISTED OF A BLEND THAT INCREASINGLY RELIED ON THE ENSEMBLE MEANS  
OF THE EPS, CMCE, AND GEFS, WHICH PROVIDED MORE STABILITY AND LESS  
NOISE FROM INDIVIDUAL DETERMINISTIC GUIDANCE SOURCES.  
   
..WEATHER/HAZARDS HIGHLIGHTS  
 
A SHARPENING UPPER TROUGH/SHORTWAVE AND STRENGTHENING SURFACE LOW  
PRESSURE PUSHING ACROSS THE GREAT LAKES REGION THIS WEEKEND WILL  
DRAW ANOMALOUS MOISTURE AND INSTABILITY NORTHWARD IN ADVANCE OF A  
COLD FRONT. PW ANOMALIES OF >200% OF NORMAL COMBINED WITH  
INSTABILITY OF 500-1500 J/KG WILL SUPPORT AN AXIS OF HEAVIER  
RAINFALL ACROSS PARTS OF THE UPPER MIDWEST, OHIO VALLEY AND MID-  
SOUTH ON SATURDAY. AS A RESULT, THE DAY 4/SATURDAY EXCESSIVE  
RAINFALL OUTLOOK (ERO) EXPANDED THE MARGINAL RISK NORTHWARD TO  
INCLUDE SOUTHEAST WISCONSIN AND SOUTHWEST MICHIGAN. THE RECENTLY  
INTRODUCED SLIGHT RISK AREA CENTERED OVER THE MID-SOUTH WAS  
MAINTAINED GIVEN THE OVERLAP WITH THE GREATEST INSTABILITY AND  
RELATIVELY LOWER FFG. SPC ALSO SHOWS A THREAT FOR SEVERE WEATHER IN  
THIS PATTERN. THE SLOWLY PROGRESSIVE NATURE OF THE UPPER-LEVEL AND  
SURFACE FEATURES WILL THEN SPREAD ORGANIZED RAINFALL EASTWARD INTO  
THE EAST/NORTHEAST SUNDAY INTO EARLY NEXT WEEK. THIS WILL  
ESPECIALLY BE THE CASE NEAR AND ALONG THE TRACK OF A  
DEEPENING/CONSOLIDATING COASTAL LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM (AND MORE  
MODESTLY INTO THE SOUTHEAST AHEAD OF THE COLD FRONT). A DAY  
5/SUNDAY ERO MARGINAL RISK AREA WAS MAINTAINED AND BROADENED TO  
CAPTURE LOCAL RUNOFF POTENTIAL INTO THE APPALACHIANS AND PARTS OF  
THE OHIO VALLEY.  
 
OUT WEST, THE NOW MORE PROGRESSIVE TROUGH AND SURFACE LOW WILL  
QUICKLY APPROACH AND PUSH ACROSS THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST AND NORTHERN  
ROCKIES OVER THE WEEKEND TO PRODUCE A PERIOD OF MODERATELY HEAVY  
COASTAL AND VALLEY RAINS ALONG WITH HIGHER MOUNTAIN SNOW. THE DAY  
4/SATURDAY ERO MAINTAINS A COASTAL WASHINGTON MARGINAL RISK AREA  
GIVEN A FAVORABLE QPF SIGNAL WHILE OUR DAY 4-7 WINTER WEATHER  
OUTLOOK SHOWS MOUNTAIN SNOW POTENTIAL INLAND FROM THE NORTHWEST TO  
THE NORTHERN ROCKIES SUNDAY INTO MONDAY.  
 
MILLER/SCHICHTEL  
 
ADDITIONAL 3-7 DAY HAZARD INFORMATION CAN BE FOUND ON THE WPC  
MEDIUM RANGE HAZARDS OUTLOOK CHART AT:  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/THREATS/THREATS.PHP  
 
WPC MEDIUM RANGE 500MB HEIGHTS, SURFACE SYSTEMS, WEATHER GRIDS,  
QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION FORECAST (QPF), EXCESSIVE RAINFALL  
OUTLOOK (ERO), WINTER WEATHER OUTLOOK (WWO) PROBABILITIES, HEAT  
INDICES, AND KEY MESSAGES CAN BE ACCESSED FROM:  
 
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/MEDR/5DAYFCST500_WBG.GIF  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/MEDR/5DAYFCST_WBG_CONUS.GIF  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/5KM_GRIDS/5KM_GRIDSBODY.HTML  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/QPF/DAY4-7.SHTML  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/#PAGE=ERO  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/WWD/PWPF_D47/PWPF_MEDR.PHP?DAY=4  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/HEAT_INDEX.SHTML  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/#PAGE=OVW  
 
 
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