541  
FXUS02 KWBC 171951  
PMDEPD  
 
EXTENDED FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NWS WEATHER PREDICTION CENTER COLLEGE PARK MD  
351 PM EDT FRI OCT 17 2025  
 
VALID 12Z MON OCT 20 2025 - 12Z FRI OCT 24 2025  
 
   
..OVERVIEW
 
 
A COUPLE OF PROGRESSIVE UPPER TROUGHS ARE FORECAST TO MOVE THROUGH  
THE EASTERN TWO-THIRDS OF THE COUNTRY THROUGH THE MEDIUM RANGE  
PERIOD, WITH A TENDENCY FOR THEM TO CLOSE OFF INTO UPPER LOWS AS  
THEY NEAR THE NEW ENGLAND COAST. MEANWHILE, AN UPPER LOW IS  
FORECAST TO PUSH ONSHORE INTO THE SOUTHWEST AMID GENERAL RIDGING  
ACROSS THE NORTHWEST BEFORE RIDGING TAKES OVER LATE NEXT WEEK WHILE  
PROGRESSING EAST INTO THE NORTHERN HIGH PLAINS. PRECIPITATION  
CHANCES LOOK TO INCREASE LATE NEXT WEEK ACROSS THE PACIFIC  
NORTHWEST AS AN UPPER-TROUGH/POTENTIAL ATMOSPHERIC RIVER  
APPROACHES, WITH HEAVY RAIN POSSIBLE.  
 
   
..GUIDANCE/PREDICTABILITY ASSESSMENT
 
 
THE MEDIUM RANGE PERIOD BEINGS MONDAY (OCT 20) WITH GOOD CONSENSUS  
IN MOST OF THE GUIDANCE ON A CONTINUED PROGRESSIVE PATTERN  
FEATURING A COUPLE UPPER-TROUGHS OVER THE EASTERN/CENTRAL U.S.,  
ANOTHER UPPER-TROUGH UPSTREAM OVER THE NORTHEASTERN PACIFIC, AND A  
SOUTHERN STREAM UPPER-LOW OFF THE COAST OF CALIFORNIA. MOST  
GUIDANCE ALSO REMAINS IN GOOD AGREEMENT THROUGH AT LEAST THE MIDDLE  
PART OF THE PERIOD, WITH THE PROGRESSION OF BOTH OF THE UPPER-  
TROUGHS/POTENTIAL CLOSED LOWS OVER THE GREAT LAKES/NORTHEAST  
FOLLOWED BY THE UPPER- TROUGH OVER THE NORTHEASTERN PACIFIC  
DROPPING SOUTHEASTWARD ACROSS SOUTHWESTERN CANADA AND INTO THE  
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S., AS WELL AS WITH THE UPPER-LOW MOVING EASTWARD  
OVER CALIFORNIA. GUIDANCE BEGINS TO DIVERGE BY LATER NEXT WEEK WITH  
REGARDS TO THE UPPER-LOW AND THE AMPLIFICATION OF THE OVERALL  
PATTERN, SPECIFICALLY INDICATIONS THAT AN UPPER-RIDGE WILL BUILD  
OVER THE WESTERN/CENTRAL U.S. BOTH THE LATEST GFS AND ECMWF, AND TO  
A LESSER DEGREE THE ECENS MEAN, ARE RELATIVELY SIMILAR IN BRINGING  
THE UPPER-LOW EAST, POSSIBLY AS AN OPEN WAVE, OVER THE  
SOUTHWESTERN TO SOUTH- CENTRAL U.S. UNDER THE AMPLIFYING RIDGE,  
WHILE THE CMC BRINGS THE WAVE EAST A BIT FASTER AND SHOWS THAT IT  
MERGES WITH THE NORTHERN STREAM UPPER- TROUGH DROPPING  
SOUTHEASTWARD. THE LAST SEVERAL RUNS OF THE ECMWF/GFS ALSO SHOW  
LARGE RUN-TO-RUN VARIABILITY ON TIMING. THIS WILL HAVE IMPLICATIONS  
ON THE COVERAGE AND AMOUNT OF POTENTIAL RAINFALL OVER THE SOUTH-  
CENTRAL U.S. FOR NOW, THE AGREEMENT ON THIS FEATURE FROM THE  
GFS/ECMWF THIS RUN CYCLE, AS WELL AS THE PRESENCE OF THIS FEATURE  
REGARDLESS OF EXACT TIMING IN PREVIOUS RUN CYCLES, AT LEAST SIGNALS  
AN INCREASING CHANCE OF PRECIPITATION FROM THE CENTRAL ROCKIES  
EAST THROUGH THE SOUTH- CENTRAL U.S. FURTHER UPSTREAM, SOME  
UNCERTAINTY EXISTS ON THE TIMING AND COVERAGE OF PRECIPITATION  
ACROSS THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST ASSOCIATED WITH ANOTHER UPPER-  
TROUGH/POTENTIAL ATMOSPHERIC RIVER DEPENDING ON THE AMPLIFICATION  
OF THE UPPER-RIDGE DOWNSTREAM, BUT ALL GUIDANCE DOES REFLECT A  
SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN PRECIPITATION CHANCES BY LATE NEXT WEEK.  
THE UPDATED WPC FORECAST USED A BLEND OF THE 00Z ECMWF/06Z GFS WITH  
A COMPONENT OF THE 00Z CMC THROUGH MID- PERIOD, WITH THE CMC  
REMOVED AND A CONTRIBUTION FROM THE ECENS AND THEN GEFS MEANS  
RAMPED UP TO 50% OF THE BLEND BY THE END OF THE PERIOD AS  
UNCERTAINTY WITH RESPECT TO THE EVOLUTION OF THE UPPER- LOW INTO  
THE SOUTHWEST/SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S. GROWS.  
 
   
..WEATHER/HAZARDS HIGHLIGHTS
 
 
THE MEDIUM RANGE PERIOD SHOULD BEGIN WITH MODERATE TO LOCALLY  
HEAVY RAIN POSSIBLY WITH EMBEDDED THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS NORTHERN NEW  
ENGLAND AHEAD OF THE FIRST TROUGH THAT COULD DEVELOP INTO A CLOSED  
LOW. A MARGINAL RISK OF FLASH FLOODING HAS BEEN MAINTAINED FOR  
THIS AREA. MEANWHILE, ANOTHER UPPER TROUGH MAY DEVELOP INTO A  
CLOSED LOW OVER THE GREAT LAKES ON TUESDAY BUT WITH MODEST AMOUNTS  
OF RAINFALL. THE PROGRESSIVE PATTERN WITH CONSISTENT POST-FRONTAL  
NORTHWESTERLY FLOW OVER THE GREAT LAKES WILL ALSO BRING THE CHANCE  
OF LAKE-EFFECT SHOWERS THROUGH MUCH OF NEXT WEEK.  
 
OUT WEST, INCREASING CHANCE OF MODERATE TO HEAVY PRECIPITATION IS  
SEEN NEAR THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST COAST TOWARD THE END OF NEXT WEEK  
AHEAD OF AN APPROACHING UPPER TROUGH AND POTENTIAL ATMOSPHERIC  
RIVER. MEANWHILE, THERE ARE INCREASING MODEL SIGNALS FOR AN  
EXPANDING AREA OF RAIN ACROSS THE SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S. LATER NEXT  
WEEK BUT WITH A FAIR AMOUNT OF UNCERTAINTY IN THE AMOUNTS AND  
PLACEMENT AT THIS POINT IN TIME. THERE IS ALSO A SIGNAL FOR SOME  
PRECIPITATION IN THE FOUR CORNERS REGION/CENTRAL ROCKIES VICINITY,  
WITH HIGHER ELEVATION SNOW POSSIBLE.  
 
HIGH TEMPERATURES ACROSS THE SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S. LOOK TO REMAIN  
PERSISTENTLY ABOVE AVERAGE NEXT WEEK, ESPECIALLY FOR TEXAS WHERE  
HIGHS INTO THE 90S MAY TIE/BREAK A FEW DAILY HIGH TEMPERATURE  
RECORDS. THERE MAY BE SOME PERIODS OF BELOW AVERAGE TEMPERATURES  
FOR THE MIDWEST/NORTHEAST FOLLOWING COLD FRONTAL PASSAGES, THOUGH  
HIGHS IN GENERAL LOOK TO REMAIN NEAR FALL AVERAGES THROUGH MUCH OF  
NEXT WEEK. HIGHS ACROSS THE NORTHERN- TIER FROM THE ROCKIES EAST TO  
THE PLAINS WILL INITIALLY BE BELOW AVERAGE BEFORE AN AMPLIFYING  
UPPER-RIDGE BRINGS WELL ABOVE AVERAGE HIGHS BY LATE NEXT WEEK.  
 
PUTNAM/KONG  
 
ADDITIONAL 3-7 DAY HAZARD INFORMATION CAN BE FOUND ON THE WPC  
MEDIUM RANGE HAZARDS OUTLOOK CHART AT:  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/THREATS/THREATS.PHP  
 
WPC MEDIUM RANGE 500MB HEIGHTS, SURFACE SYSTEMS, WEATHER GRIDS,  
QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION FORECAST (QPF), EXCESSIVE RAINFALL  
OUTLOOK (ERO), WINTER WEATHER OUTLOOK (WWO) PROBABILITIES, HEAT  
INDICES, AND KEY MESSAGES CAN BE ACCESSED FROM:  
 
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/MEDR/5DAYFCST500_WBG.GIF  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/MEDR/5DAYFCST_WBG_CONUS.GIF  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/5KM_GRIDS/5KM_GRIDSBODY.HTML  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/QPF/DAY4-7.SHTML  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/#PAGE=ERO  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/WWD/PWPF_D47/PWPF_MEDR.PHP?DAY=4  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/HEAT_INDEX.SHTML  
HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/#PAGE=OVW  
 

 
 
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