121  
FOUS30 KWBC 192320  
QPFERD  
 
EXCESSIVE RAINFALL DISCUSSION  
NWS WEATHER PREDICTION CENTER COLLEGE PARK MD  
720 PM EDT WED AUG 19 2026  
 
DAY 1  
VALID 2316Z THU AUG 20 2026 - 12Z THU AUG 20 2026  
 
...THERE IS A MODERATE RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL ACROSS PORTIONS  
OF INDIANA AND OHIO...  
   
..2320Z SPECIAL UPDATE
 
 
A MODERATE RISK UPGRADE WAS INTRODUCED WITH THIS UPDATE FOR  
PORTIONS OF INDIANA AND OHIO. TRAINING STORMS ACROSS THOSE STATES  
HAVE DEVELOPED SOUTH OF A STATIONARY FRONT OVER THE NORTHERN TIER  
OF THOSE STATES. THIS AREA HAS BEEN VERY HARD HIT WITH HEAVY RAIN  
OVER THE PAST SEVERAL DAYS, SO ALL OF THIS RENEWED HEAVY RAIN WILL  
TRANSLATE INTO ADDITIONAL RUNOFF AND FLASH FLOODING. THE STORMS  
WILL SLOWLY SAG SOUTHWARD, FOLLOWING THE GREATEST MOISTURE AND  
INSTABILITY. THE URBAN AREAS OF INDIANAPOLIS, DAYTON, AND  
COLUMBUS ARE ALL THREATENED WITH ADDITIONAL FLASH FLOODING AS THESE  
STORMS APPROACH FROM THE NORTH.  
 
WEGMAN  
   
..PREVIOUS DISCUSSION
 
 
   
..16Z UPDATE
 
 
ONLY SOME MINIMAL AREAL ADJUSTMENTS WERE NEEDED FOR THE INHERITED  
SLIGHT RISK COVERING PORTIONS OF THE MISSOURI TO MIDDLE MISSISSIPPI  
AND OHIO VALLEYS AFTER REVIEW OF THE UPDATED 12Z GUIDANCE, WITH THE  
CAMS WELL CLUSTERED WITHIN THE RISK AREA. STORM COVERAGE AND  
RAINFALL AMOUNTS INDICATED BY THE GUIDANCE HAVE NOTABLY COME UP  
ALONG THE SOUTHWARD PROGRESSING COLD FRONT STRETCHING GENERALLY  
WEST TO EAST FROM THE MIDDLE MISSOURI TO UPPER OHIO VALLEYS. THIS  
INCLUDES PORTIONS OF CENTRAL ILLINOIS, INDIANA, AND OHIO WHICH  
REMAIN MORE SENSITIVE TO ADDITIONAL RAINFALL GIVEN VERY WET  
ANTECEDENT CONDITIONS REMAINING AFTER THE PAST WEEK'S RAINFALL AND  
ONGOING RIVER FLOODING. LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL TOTALS IN THE 2-4"  
RANGE WILL EASILY LEAD TO THE RISK OF ADDITIONAL SCATTERED  
INSTANCES OF FLASH FLOODING.  
 
FURTHER SOUTH, THE GUIDANCE ALSO CONTINUES TO DEPICT A SEPARATE  
FOCUS AREA FOR HEAVY RAINFALL OVER THE MIDDLE MISSISSIPPI TO LOWER  
OHIO VALLEYS AS STORMS DEVELOP AND THEN PROGRESS TO THE SOUTHEAST  
ALONG A SIMILARLY ORIENTED FRONTAL BOUNDARY. THE UPDATED CAMS  
CONTINUE TO SHOW THE POTENTIAL FOR TOTALS OF 2-4", POSSIBLY AS HIGH  
AS 6". THE HREF/RRFS ALSO BOTH SHOW MODERATE PROBABILITIES  
(40-60%) FOR RAINFALL GREATER THAN 3" WITH LOW END PROBABILITIES  
(20-30%) FOR RAINFALL GREATER THAN 5". DESPITE THE POTENTIAL FOR  
THESE HEAVIER TOTALS AND SOME BACKBUILDING TO HELP CONTRIBUTE TO  
LONGER DURATION RAINFALL, THE STORMS ARE EXPECTED TO REMAIN  
RELATIVELY PROGRESSIVE OVERALL WHICH SHOULD LEAD TO MAINLY  
SCATTERED INSTANCES OF FLASH FLOODING. ANTECEDENT CONDITIONS ALSO  
REMAIN RATHER DRY AND FFGS GENERALLY HIGH DESPITE SOME INITIAL  
RAINFALL FROM STORMS THIS MORNING.  
 
THE PRIOR FORECAST ALSO REMAINS ON TRACK FOR THE SOUTHWEST TO  
CENTRAL PLAINS FOR LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL FROM INCREASED MONSOONAL  
STORMS WITH AT LEAST AN ISOLATED RISK FOR FLASH FLOODING. TWO MORE  
FOCUSED AREAS CONTINUE TO BE NOTED OVER SOUTH-CENTRAL ARIZONA,  
WHERE A SLIGHT RISK WAS INTRODUCED, AND ALONG THE HIGH PLAINS OF  
SOUTHEASTERN COLORADO/NORTHEASTERN NEW MEXICO WHERE SHORTWAVE  
TIMING/TERRAIN INFLUENCES WILL SUPPORT LOCALLY GREATER STORM  
COVERAGE. THE LATEST 12Z CAMS CONTINUE TO SHOW GREATER POTENTIAL  
FOR LOCALLY HEAVY TOTALS OF 1-2"+ FOR SOUTH-CENTRAL ARIZONA  
COMPARED TO SOUTHEASTERN COLORADO/NORTHEASTERN NEW MEXICO, AND FFGS  
ARE GENERALLY LOWER, SO HAVE MAINTAINED THE INHERITED SLIGHT FOR  
SOUTH-CENTRAL ARIZONA WITH A MARGINAL RISK INTO THE CENTRAL HIGH  
PLAINS.  
 
PUTNAM  
   
..PREVIOUS DISCUSSION
 
 
...CENTRAL PLAINS TO OHIO VALLEY..  
 
CURRENT SATELLITE AND RADAR COMPOSITE DEPICTS THE INITIAL STAGES OF  
OUR SHORTWAVE EJECTION FROM THE HIGH PLAINS MAKING HEADWAY INTO THE  
MISSOURI VALLEY AS WE MOVE THROUGH THE EVENING. EXPECTATION IS FOR  
THIS MATURING AREA OF CONVECTION TO PROPAGATE SOUTHEASTWARD INTO  
THE MID-MISSISSIPI REGIONS OF MO, LEADING TO THE FIRST ROUND OF  
CONVECTION BEING THE REMNANTS OF THE OVERNIGHT MCS WITH AN  
EXPECTED DECAY OF THE COMPLEX LATER THIS MORNING AS WE LOSE THE  
NOCTURNAL LLJ AND WE APPROACH THE DIURNAL INSTABILITY MINIMUM  
ACROSS THE WESTERN OHIO VALLEY. A COLD FRONT CURRENTLY ANALYZED  
OVER THE NORTHERN PLAINS EXTENDING EAST INTO THE GREAT LAKES WILL  
ALSO CONTINUE ITS PROGRESSION SOUTH AND SOUTHEASTWARD THROUGH THE  
MORNING HOURS WITH SIGHTS ON THE OHIO AND MISSOURI VALLEY DURING  
THE PERIOD WITH A BIT MORE LATITUDINAL LOSS FURTHER WEST COMPARED  
TO DOWNSTREAM. BY WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON, WE'LL SEE THE INTRODUCTION  
OF ANOTHER POTENT SHORTWAVE INTO THE CENTER OF THE CONUS LEADING  
TO BROADER AMPLIFICATION OF THE LONGWAVE TROUGH POSITIONED EAST OF  
THE MISSISSIPPI ALLOWING FOR GREATER LARGE SCALE ASCENT FOCUSED  
OVER THE WESTERN OHIO VALLEY BACK INTO THE CONFLUENT AREA OF THE  
OHIO AND MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN THE MO/TN/IL AREA. THIS HAS BEEN  
CONSISTENTLY DEPICTED OVER THE PAST SERIES OF FORECAST RUNS WITH  
THE CURRENT 00Z CAMS SUITE MAINTAINING THIS PARTICULAR ZONE AS ONE  
OF THE MORE FAVORABLE AREAS OF ORGANIZED CONVECTION AS STEP INTO  
THE SECOND HALF OF THE FORECAST PERIOD (WEDNESDAY EVENING INTO  
EARLY THURSDAY AM).  
 
AFTER 00Z, NOCTURNAL LLJ WILL KICK IN ACROSS THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY  
WITH THE NOSE OF THE JET ACTING AS A LOW-LEVEL CONVERGENT FEATURE  
AND AIDING IN AN INCREASING REGIONAL BULK SHEAR TO PROVIDE A  
NECESSARY ELEMENT TO ORGANIZE AND SUSTAIN CONVECTIVE DEVELOPMENT.  
THE ADDED BULK SHEAR (30-40KTS) AND INCREASING UPSTREAM FORCING  
WITH THE ADDITION OF THE NEXT SHORTWAVE IS TYPICALLY A SIGNATURE  
THAT CORRELATES TO A FOCAL POINT FOR HEAVY CONVECTION WITH BACK-  
BUILDING POTENTIAL UNTIL THE EVENTUAL FRONTAL PASSAGE IS COMPLETE  
LEADING TO SOME HEAVIER RAINFALL LINGERING FOR SEVERAL HOURS BEFORE  
THE THREAT SUBSIDES. CONSIDERING PWATS BETWEEN 2-2.25" CENTERED  
ACROSS THE TRI-STATE REGION OUTLINED ABOVE, AND THE ADDED ASCENT  
FACTORS IN BOTH THE BOUNDARY LAYER AND MID-LEVELS (SFC-500MB),  
THERE WILL LIKELY BE AN AREA THAT SEES A PERIOD OF 1-2"/HR RAINFALL  
FOR AT LEAST 3-6 HRS. LEADING TO FLASH FLOOD PROSPECTS CARRYING  
OVERNIGHT INTO EARLY THURSDAY MORNING. LATEST 00Z HREF 1" EAS PROBS  
DEPICT THE AREA OF FAR SOUTHEASTERN MO THROUGH SOUTHERN IL AND  
WESTERN KY AS THE PRIMARY REGION OF FOCUS COMING THROUGH WITH  
30-60% PROBABILITIES, A THRESHOLD TYPICALLY RESERVED FOR MORE  
APPRECIABLE ORGANIZED CONVECTIVE SETUPS LEADING TO HIGHER  
CONFIDENCE IN THIS AREA SEEING AT LEAST A SCATTERED FLASH FLOOD  
THREAT WHEN YOU COUPLE WITH THE CURRENT FFG INDICES. OVERWHELMING  
CONSISTENCY IN THE SIGNAL HAS ALLOWED FOR A CONTINUATION OF THE  
PREVIOUS SLGT RISK WITH THE MAIN AREA OF INTEREST LYING BETWEEN  
SOUTHEASTERN MO INTO SOUTHERN IL AND WESTERN KY/TN. SOME AREAS ARE  
LIABLE TO SEE 2-4" OF RAINFALL WITH A MAX OF UP TO 6" PLAUSIBLE  
CONSIDERING THE ENVIRONMENT AT LARGE.  
 
THE LAST FEW ITERATIONS OF THE CAMS HAVE ADDED ANOTHER WRINKLE TO  
THE NEW D1 AS THE FRONTAL PROGRESSION AND THE PRECEDING ENVIRONMENT  
HAVE INCREASED THE OVERALL THREAT OF HEAVY RAIN ACROSS AREAS OF THE  
CENTRAL PLAINS OVER INTO THE OHIO VALLEY AS THUNDERSTORM GENESIS IN  
THESE AREAS ARE LIABLE TO CAUSE SCATTERED FLASH FLOOD INSTANCES,  
ESPECIALLY IN THOSE MORE PRONE AREAS ACROSS THE OHIO VALLEY FROM  
EASTERN IL TO OH. LATEST HREF NEIGHBORHOOD PROBABILITIES FOR >2" OF  
RAIN HAS INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY OVER THE PAST 24 HRS. WITH THE  
NEWEST SET OF PROBS FIRMLY SETTLED BETWEEN 50-80% FOR THE THRESHOLD  
WITH EVEN A "BULLSEYE" OF CLOSER TO 90% OVER PORTIONS OF EASTERN NE  
NEAR OMAHA. THE UPSTREAM AREAS ACROSS NE AND MO ARE A COMBINATION  
OF BOTH THE FRONTAL ASCENT POSED BY THE ADDITION OF THE COLD FRONT,  
AS WELL AS THE ADDED MID-LEVEL DIFFLUENCE PROVIDED BY THE TRAILING  
SHORTWAVE TROUGH DESCENDING OUT OF THE NORTHERN HIGH PLAINS ON THE  
BACKSIDE OF THE MEAN TROUGH. THERE HAS BEEN A CONSISTENT SIGNATURE  
OF LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL MATERIALIZING BETWEEN 15-18Z TODAY  
UPSTREAM OVER NORTHEASTERN NE, MOVING SOUTHEAST TOWARDS THE  
MISSOURI RIVER BASIN BY MID-AFTERNOON TO IMPACT THE OMAHA AREA AND  
POINTS SOUTHEAST INTO NORTHWESTERN MO. RAINFALL RATES IN SOME OF  
THESE CELLS COULD ECLIPSE 2"/HR AT TIMES, ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU  
COUPLE THE INTRA-HOUR RATE VARIABLES THAT ULTIMATELY CAUSE A  
MAJORITY OF THE FLASH FLOODING INCIDENTS. LOCAL TOTALS OF 2-4" ARE  
CERTAINLY VIABLE IN THIS SETUP OVER THE ABOVE LOCATIONS LEADING TO  
AN ADDITION OF A SLGT RISK NOW ACROSS THOSE AREA OF EASTERN NE DOWN  
THROUGH NORTHERN MO AND FAR SOUTHERN IA.  
 
FURTHER EAST INTO THE OHIO VALLEY AREAS STRETCHING FROM EASTERN IL  
THROUGH IN/OH, ANTECEDENT SOIL MOISTURE ANOMALIES REMAIN INTO THE  
90-95TH PERCENTILE OVER A LARGE AREA LEADING TO A LOWER THRESHOLD  
NECESSARY FOR ANY CONVECTIVE ELEMENTS TO CAUSE TROUBLE, ESPECIALLY  
ONES THAT LINGER FOR MULTIPLE HOURS AT A TIME. WE STILL HAVE  
HYDROLOGIC CONCERNS APLENTY FOR THIS REGION OF THE CONUS AS  
SEVERAL FLOOD WARNINGS REMAIN DUE TO THE SWOLLEN RIVERS AND STREAMS  
IN RECOVERY FROM LAST WEEKS ONSLAUGHT OF HEAVY RAINFALL. THE LATEST  
HREF IS KEEN ON DEVELOPING A LONG LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS ALONG THE  
ADVANCING COLD FRONT WITH SOME OF THE ACTIVITY LIKELY TO PUSH RATES  
BETWEEN 1-2"/HR BY LATE-AFTERNOON AS WE SEE A SLOW INCREASE IN  
REGIONAL SHEAR (25-35KTS) AS THE UPSTREAM PATTERN EVOLVES AND  
PROVIDES A BETTER ENVIRONMENT FOR SUSTAINING MESOCYCLONE  
DEVELOPMENT. MEAN FLOW WILL ALSO RUN FAIRLY PARALLEL TO THE  
BOUNDARY, A SIGNATURE THAT TYPICALLY ACTS AS BASIS FOR REPEATED  
CONVECTION FOR A TIME UNTIL THE COLD FRONT FINALLY TRUDGES PAST THE  
AREA OF INTEREST. THIS SIGNATURE IS ANTICIPATED TO EXTEND FROM IL  
THROUGH IN/OH, EVENTUALLY WITH THE EASTERN FRINGES POSSIBLY  
REACHING AS FAR AS WESTERN PA WHERE THE FRONT WILL BE LOCATED BY  
THE EVENING HOURS. CONSIDERING THE SENSITIVITY OF SO MANY AREAS  
BOUNDED WITHIN THIS REGION, AND IN COORDINATION WITH THE LOCAL OHIO  
VALLEY WFO'S, A SLGT RISK WAS ADDED TO ENCOMPASS A BROAD AREA OF  
THE OHIO VALLEY WITH EMPHASIS ON THOSE SENSITIVE AREAS SPANNING  
EASTERN IL, CENTRAL IN, AND MUCH OF CENTRAL/EASTERN OH.  
 
KLEEBAUER  
   
..SOUTHWEST INTO THE CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS
 
 
THE PREVIOUS FORECAST REMAINS ON TRACK WITH THE LATEST 00Z CAMS  
MAINTAINING AGREEMENT ON SCATTERED THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITY LIKELY TO  
TRANSPIRE LATER THIS AFTERNOON, CARRYING INTO THE EVENING HOURS.  
AREAS OF THE FRONT RANGE AND SOUTHERN AZ ARE THE MOST NOTABLE FOR  
SEEING MORE ORGANIZED CONVECTION IN THE SETUP THANKS TO ADDED  
SHEAR AND REGIONAL ASCENT ATTRIBUTED TO A SHORTWAVE PROXY OFF THE  
CENTRAL ROCKIES TO THE NORTH, AND A DEEPER MOISTURE LAYER AND  
INSTABILITY MAXIMA NEAR THE INTERNATIONAL BORDER. THE GENERAL  
SYNOPTIC PATTERN HAS REMAIN PERSISTENT IN ITS PRESENTATION THE  
LAST SEVERAL FORECAST CYCLES WITH THE CONSENSUS UNCHANGED ON WHERE  
CONVECTION WILL OCCUR.  
 
THE EXPECTED EVOLUTION OF THE SETUP ACROSS THE SOUTHWEST AND FRONT  
RANGE BEGINS WITH AN UPPER RIDGE CENTERED OVER THE FOUR CORNERS,  
RE- CENTERING AND AMPLIFYING WHILE AN INVERTED TROUGH PUSHES WEST  
ON WEDNESDAY. THIS WILL PROMOTE A MORE FAVORABLE SETUP FOR  
MONSOONAL CONVECTION AS A SURGE OF THERMODYNAMICS (PWS ABOVE 1.25"  
OVERLAPPING MUCAPE OF 1000-2000 J/KG) LIFTING NORTHWARD BEHIND THE  
INVERTED TROUGH. AT THE SAME TIME, WEAK SHORTWAVES EMBEDDED WITHIN  
THE FLOW AND ROTATING AROUND THE RIDGE WILL PRODUCE AREAS OF  
LOCALLY ENHANCED ASCENT, WHICH INTO THE IMPROVING THERMODYNAMICS  
SUGGESTS MORE WIDESPREAD CONVECTIVE ACTIVITY IS LIKELY ON  
WEDNESDAY. WHILE A MORE SUBSTANTIAL RISK FOR GREATER COVERAGE AND  
INTENSITY EXISTS JUST BEYOND D1, A LARGE MRGL RISK FOR EXCESSIVE  
RAINFALL APPEARS SUPPORTED FROM THE DESERTS OF ARIZONA NORTHEAST  
INTO THE CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS OF CO/KS. WITH RAINFALL RATES OF  
0.5-1"/HR LIKELY AT TIMES, AND MEAN STORM MOTIONS OF JUST 5-10 KTS,  
(HIGHER IN CO BUT WITH STRONGER BULK SHEAR FOR ORGANIZATION) THIS  
WILL SUPPORT AT LEAST ISOLATED INSTANCES OF FLASH FLOODING,  
ESPECIALLY OVER VULNERABLE TERRAIN, URBAN AREAS, OR RECENTLY  
SATURATED SOILS.  
 
IN COORDINATION WITH THE TUSCON WFO IN SOUTHERN AZ, A SLGT RISK WAS  
ADDED OVER THE AREAS ALONG AND WEST OF THE HUACHUCA MTNS THROUGH  
THE I-19 CORRIDOR INTO THE EASTERN SECTIONS OF PIMA/PINAL COUNTIES  
DUE TO A MORE ROBUST AXIS OF CONVECTION EXPECTED ACROSS FAR  
SOUTHERN AZ BY LATER TODAY. FORECAST IS FOR A CLUSTER OF  
THUNDERSTORMS MATURING AND MIGRATING OFF THE HUACHUCAS, ADVANCING  
WESTWARD THROUGH SANTA CRUZ AND SOUTHEASTERN PIMA COUNTIES AS WE  
HEAD INTO THE EVENING. HREF PROBS FOR >1" HAVE BALLOONED UPWARDS OF  
60-80% OVER THE I-19 CORRIDOR IN SOUTHERN AZ, INCLUDING OVER THE  
CITY OF TUSCON LENDING A FAVORABLE POTENTIAL FOR FLASH FLOODING,  
EVEN INTO THE METRO AREA. RAINFALL RATES BETWEEN 0.5-1"/HR ARE  
ANTICIPATED IN THE STRONGEST CELLS, PLENTY AGGRESSIVE ENOUGH TO  
EXCEED THE ALREADY LOW FFG THRESHOLDS IN PLACE ACROSS THE SOUTHERN  
AZ DESERTS. EXPECTING SCATTERED FLASH FLOOD POTENTIAL GIVEN THE  
CURRENT SIGNAL, MORE THAN SUFFICIENT FOR A TARGETED SLGT RISK  
UPGRADE.  
   
..FLORIDA INTO FAR SOUTHEAST GEORGIA
 
 
A SMALL MID-LEVEL VORTICITY MAXIMA WILL SLOWLY ORGANIZE OVER  
CENTRAL AND NORTHWESTERN FL WITH A PROPOSED SURFACE TROUGH LIKELY  
SITUATED VERY CLOSE TO THE NORTHEASTERN COAST OF THE AREA. THE  
COMBINATION OF THE TWO FEATURES AND GENERALLY MOIST AND UNSTABLE  
AIRMASS PRESENCE WILL ALLOW FOR QUITE A CONVECTIVE BURST TO OCCUR  
BY THE AFTERNOON HOURS, ESPECIALLY AS YOU ADD THE TYPICALLY DIURNAL  
COMPONENTS OF THE SEA BREEZE AS A FOCAL POINT FOR CONVECTION. HREF  
PROBABILITIES ARE PRETTY AGGRESSIVE FOR >3" LOCALLY (60-90%)  
EXTENDING FROM ORLANDO UP THROUGH JUST SOUTH OF JACKSONVILLE. WE  
SAW SOME ISOLATED FLOOD INSTANCES CROP UP FROM STORMS EARLIER IN  
THE PREVIOUS PERIOD FROM AN EVEN LESS FAVORABLE SETUP COMPARED TO  
WHAT WILL TRANSPIRE TODAY. HOURLY RATES OF THE HEAVIEST CELLS WILL  
LIKELY BE BETWEEN 3-4"/HR AFTER ASSESSING INDIVIDUAL DETERMINISTIC,  
WHICH MAKES SENSE CONSIDERING PWATS EASILY PUSHING 2.1-2.4" OVER  
THE ENTIRE STRETCH OF THE EAST COAST OF FL AND ALL OF NORTH FL INTO  
THE PANHANDLE. GIVEN THE SIGNAL, A MRGL RISK WAS ADDED ACROSS THAT  
NORTHEASTERN EXTENT OF FL INTO FAR SOUTHEASTERN GA, SOUTH OF  
BRUNSWICK.  
 
KLEEBAUER  
 
 
DAY 2  
VALID 12Z THU AUG 20 2026 - 12Z FRI AUG 21 2026  
 
...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL ACROSS PORTIONS OF  
THE MID ATLANTIC...  
   
..2030Z UPDATE
 
 
THE MAIN UPDATE FOR THIS FORECAST CYCLE WAS TO MODESTLY EXPAND AND  
THEN EXTEND THE INHERITED SLIGHT RISK OVER THE MID-ATLANTIC  
NORTHWARD TO INCLUDE MORE OF THE I-95 CORRIDOR FROM PHILADELPHIA TO  
THE NEW YORK CITY METRO. AS OUTLINED BELOW, A LINE OF  
THUNDERSTORMS IS EXPECTED TO DEVELOP ALONG THE EASTWARD MOVING COLD  
FRONT AS IT REACHES THE I-95 CORRIDOR. THE NOW AVAILABLE CAMS SHOW  
CONSIDERABLE RAINFALL POTENTIAL (LOCAL AMOUNTS OF 3-6") FROM THE  
VIRGINIA TIDEWATER NORTH-NORTHEASTWARD THROUGH DELMARVA AND INTO  
FAR SOUTHEASTERN PA, MOST OF NJ, AND THE NYC METRO. THIS IS BACKED  
UP BY MODERATE (40-70%) HREF/RRFS PROBABILITIES OF RAIN TOTALS  
GREATER THAN 3", AND LOW END (20-30%) PROBABILITIES OF GREATER THAN  
5". THERE REMAINS SOME UNCERTAINTY WITH THE TIMING/PROGRESSION OF  
THE COLD FRONT AND WHEN STORMS FORM ALONG/AHEAD OF IT RELATIVE TO  
THE I-95 CORRIDOR BEFORE MOVING EASTWARD, BUT AGAIN THE LATEST CAM  
GUIDANCE DID SHOW NOTABLE AGREEMENT AT LEAST FOR THE NORTHERN  
EXTENT OF THE RISK. THE RISK REMAINS JUST TO THE EAST FURTHER SOUTH  
FROM BALTIMORE TO DC EXCEPT FOR SOME OF THE MORE EASTERN  
SUBURBS/EXURBS AND TOWARDS ANNAPOLIS/CHESAPEAKE BAY. IN THE  
SOUTHWEST, THE FORECAST REMAINS UNCHANGED FOR THE INHERITED  
MARGINAL RISK COVERING ADDITIONAL MONSOON ACTIVITY.  
 
PUTNAM  
   
..PREVIOUS DISCUSSION
 
 
   
..MID ATLANTIC
 
 
SHORTWAVE OVER THE OHIO VALLEY WILL CONTINUE ITS PROGRESSION TO  
EAST, THEN NORTHEAST AS IT MIGRATES INTO THE CENTRAL AND NORTHERN  
MID ATLANTIC BY THURSDAY AFTERNOON. AT THE SURFACE, A COLD FRONT  
WILL REMAIN STEADFAST ON ITS ADVANCEMENT THROUGH THE PIEDMONT AND  
THE EASTERN SECTIONS OF PA BY LATE-THURSDAY MORNING LEADING TO A  
FAVORABLE SCENARIO FOR A LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS TO DEVELOP ALONG AND  
EAST OF THE FRONT ITSELF. INCREASED DYNAMICAL FORCING AND  
FAVORABLE DIFFLUENT FLOW WITHIN THE RER OF A 130KT JET OVER THE  
NORTHEAST U.S. WILL LEAD TO A BLOSSOMING OF AFTERNOON CONVECTION  
WITHIN PROXIMITY OF THE FRONT ITSELF. LATEST CAMS ARE QUITE  
AGGRESSIVE ON THEIR INTERPRETATION OF BOTH THE MAGNITUDE AND  
COVERAGE OF THE HEAVY CONVECTIVE SIGNALS, ESPECIALLY FOR AREAS  
EXTENDING FROM NORTHERN NJ DOWN THROUGH EASTERN PA, THE DELMARVA,  
AND THE VA TIDEWATER. THUNDERSTORM INITIATION WILL BE VERY CLOSE TO  
THE METRO AREAS OF DC-BALT-PHILADELPHIA WITH THE MAJORITY OF CAMS  
DEVELOPING CELLS ALMOST OVERHEAD BEFORE ADVANCING STEADILY  
EASTWARD, AWAY FROM THE I-95 CORRIDOR. THE THREAT WILL BE CLOSE FOR  
THE URBAN CENTERS WITH THE PHILADELPHIA METROPOLITAN AREA THE  
CLOSEST FOR MORE SUBSTANTIAL IMPACTS FROM CONVECTION WHEN YOU  
CORRELATE WITH THE MEAN QPF OUTPUT IN THE REGION.  
 
PWATS BETWEEN 2-2.3" COUPLED WITH A STRONG THETA_E RIDGE IN PLACE  
AHEAD OF THE FRONT PROMOTES A FORMIDABLE ENVIRONMENT CAPABLE FOR  
PRODUCING SIGNIFICANT RAINFALL RATES IN ANY CONVECTIVE CORE THAT  
MATERIALIZES. ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE SOUNDINGS FROM BOTH THE GLOBAL  
AND HI-RES SUITE AT 00Z INDICATED A TEXTBOOK SIGNAL FOR HEAVY  
RAINFALL WITH A TALL, SKINNY CAPE SIGNATURE WITH MOISTURE LAYERS  
PRESENT FROM SURFACE TO THE TROPOPAUSE. TYPICALLY THESE TYPES OF  
ENVIRONMENTS FAVOR, AT LEAST SCATTERED FLASH FLOOD PROSPECTS IN  
AREAS WHERE THUNDERSTORMS REACH THEIR MATURE PHASES, WHICH SEEMS TO  
ALIGN WITH AREAS ALONG AND EAST OF I-95. THE MOST NOTABLE HEAVY  
RAIN DEPICTIONS FAVOR NJ/DE/VA TIDEWATER FOR THE TIME BEING AS THE  
FRONTAL PROGRESSION TIMES WELL WITH THE LATE-AFTERNOON PERIOD, A  
TIME FRAME WHEN DIURNAL INSTABILITY HAS REACHED ITS MAXIMUM. THE  
SIGNAL IS PRETTY CLOSE TO THE NYC METRO, BUT THE HEAVIEST MAY LIE  
JUST SOUTH OF THE METRO AREA, SO IT WILL BEAR WATCHING THE TRENDS  
OVER THE NEXT 24 HRS TO SEE IF A HIGHER RISK IS NECESSARY FOR NEW  
YORK TO WESTERN LI. FOR NOW, A MRGL RISK ENCOMPASSES THIS  
PARTICULAR ZONE WITH AREAS JUST SOUTH WITHIN THE ADDED SLGT RISK.  
THE DC/BALT METRO AREA IS CURRENTLY IN A MRGL WITH THE NEW SLGT  
JUST TO THE EAST OVER PRINCE GEORGES AND ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTIES.  
AREAS EAST OF THE CHESAPEAKE ARE FIRMLY INTO THE SLGT RISK, AS IT  
STANDS AS THE SIGNAL IS THE MOST ROBUST IN THAT PARTICULAR  
CORRIDOR.  
   
..SOUTHWEST U.S. INTO THE SOUTHERN ROCKIES
 
 
RELATIVELY TEXTBOOK MONSOONAL PATTERN ACROSS THE WEST WILL LEAD TO  
SCATTERED THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT ACROSS MUCH OF THE DESERT  
SOUTHWEST EXTENDING NORTH INTO PARTS OF THE GREAT BASIN AND THROUGH  
THE SOUTHERN ROCKIES. AS OF NOW, THE SIGNAL IS MAINLY SEASONAL WITH  
REGARDS TO THE PWAT ANOMALIES AND GENERAL EXPECTATION AS THE MOST  
NOTABLE AREAS WILL LIKELY BE IN THOSE TERRAIN FOCUSED ZONES ACROSS  
AZ (MOGOLLON RIM), NM (SANGRE DE CRISTOS AND SACRAMENTO MTNS.), AND  
UT (ZION NATIONAL PARK). LOW PROBS FOR >1" ON THE LATEST  
ECENS/GEFS SUITES AND 01Z NBM ALLOW FOR A STANDARD MRGL RISK  
ISSUANCE FOR THE AREA AS THE SETUP IS GENUINELY FAVORED FOR PULSE  
CONVECTION AND SLOW CELL MOTIONS TIED TO THE TERRAIN AS A BROAD  
597DM RIDGE CENTERS OVER THE FOUR CORNERS AND MAKES LITTLE  
PROGRESSION IN THE D2 WINDOW. NO CHANGES WERE NECESSARY TO THE  
PREVIOUS FORECAST GIVEN THE CONSISTENCY WITHIN GUIDANCE OVER THE  
LAST SERIES OF MODEL RUNS. MOST FAVORABLE AREAS OF IMPACT WILL  
INCLUDE THE MORE FLASHY STREAMS AND ARROYOS ACROSS THE SOUTHWEST,  
AS WELL AS THE SLOT CANYON AREAS OF SOUTHWEST UT AND THE BURN SCARS  
ACROSS EACH OF NM AND AZ.  
 
KLEEBAUER  
 
 
DAY 3  
VALID 12Z FRI AUG 21 2026 - 12Z SAT AUG 22 2026  
 
...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL ACROSS PORTIONS OF  
VIRGINIA AND THE CAROLINAS...  
   
..2030Z UPDATE
 
 
ONLY ONE MAIN AREAL ADJUSTMENT WAS MADE TO THE INHERITED SLIGHT  
RISK BASED ON THE LATEST GUIDANCE, WITH THE RISK AREA EXTENDED A  
BIT FURTHER TO THE NORTHEAST OVER THE VIRGINIA TIDEWATER REGION AND  
TO THE MARYLAND EASTERN SHORE. QPF AMOUNTS HAVE TRENDED UP THROUGH  
THIS REGION AND THIS AREA WILL ALSO LIKELY HAVE SEEN AN INITIAL  
ROUND OF HEAVY RAIN DURING THE DAY 2 PERIOD. STORM COVERAGE OVERALL  
WILL SHIFT SOUTHWARD COMPARED TO THURSDAY WITH DEVELOPMENT FOCUSED  
ALONG CONSOLIDATING FRONTAL BOUNDARIES THROUGH THE SOUTHERN MID-  
ATLANTIC AND INTO THE CAROLINAS. THE LATEST 12Z DETERMINISTIC  
GUIDANCE CONTINUES TO DEPICT LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL TOTALS IN THE  
3-5" RANGE. THE AI GUIDANCE (NOTABLY THE ECMWF AIFS) IS LESS  
BULLISH ON THE NORTHWARD EXTENT OF THE HEAVY RAINFALL, LEADING TO A  
BIT MORE UNCERTAINTY INTO VIRGINIA AND THE MARYLAND EASTERN SHORE.  
HOWEVER, AS NOTED, THE OTHER DETERMINISTIC GUIDANCE HAS ACTUALLY  
COME UP IN AMOUNTS THROUGH THIS REGION.  
 
AS DURING THE DAY 2 PERIOD, MONSOONAL ACTIVITY IS EXPECTED TO  
CONTINUE THROUGHOUT MUCH OF THE SOUTHWEST WITH AT LEAST AN ISOLATED  
RISK FOR FLASH FLOODING. THE INHERITED MARGINAL RISK WAS MOSTLY  
LEFT UNCHANGED EXCEPT FOR A SMALL EXPANSION OVER PORTIONS OF  
EASTERN NEW MEXICO TO COVER MORE BURN SCAR REGIONS WHERE THE LATEST  
GUIDANCE DOES DEPICT SOME STORM POTENTIAL.  
 
PUTNAM  
   
..PREVIOUS DISCUSSION
 
 
   
..VIRGINIA TO CAROLINAS
 
 
COLD FRONT WILL SLOWLY ADVANCE SOUTH INTO THE CAROLINAS DURING THE  
END OF THE D2 INTO D3 TIME FRAME WITH AN EVENTUAL TRANSITION TO A  
QUASI-STATIONARY FRONT AS IT REACHES THE LATITUDE OF NORTH GA INTO  
THE PIEDMONT OF SC. MOISTURE POOLING ALONG THE FRONT WITH CONTINUED  
FORCING DRIVEN BY ANOTHER SHORTWAVE ADVANCING THROUGH THE  
TENNESSEE VALLEY WILL LEAD TO ANOTHER ROUND OF HEAVY CONVECTION IN-  
OF THE SOUTHERN MID ATLANTIC WITH THE PRIMARY AXIS LIKELY TO OCCUR  
FROM THE SOUTHERN DELMARVA THROUGH THE VA TIDEWATER INTO THE  
CAROLINA'S. ENVIRONMENT ACROSS THE REGION OUTLINED WILL REMAIN VERY  
BUOYANT WITH PWATS BETWEEN 2-2.3" FOR THE ENTIRE AREA ALONG AND  
SOUTH OF THE FRONT. MODELS ARE CONSISTENT WITH THEIR SIGNATURE OF  
1-2" OF RAINFALL ON AN AREAL AVERAGE BASIS WITH SOME OF THE  
DETERMINISTIC OUTPUTS APPROACHING UPWARDS OF 3-5" WHERE STORM  
MATERIALIZE AND SETTLE AS THE STEERING PATTERN WEAKENS  
SIGNIFICANTLY AS WE STEP INTO THE D3. RAINFALL RATES BETWEEN  
2-3"/HR WITH INTRA-HOUR RATES UPWARDS OF 4"/HR ARE FORECAST ACROSS  
THE AFOREMENTIONED AREA, PLENTY AGGRESSIVE ENOUGH TO CAUSE AT LEAST  
SCATTERED FLASH FLOOD PROSPECTS, ESPECIALLY IN MORE URBANIZED  
ZONES ALONG I-95 AND POINTS EAST. THE MOST NOTABLE LOCATIONS IN THE  
GUIDANCE ARE OVER THE COLUMBIA, SC AREA UP THROUGH FLORENCE INTO  
SOUTHEASTERN NC. WITH THE SIGNAL MAINTAINING CONSISTENT IN THE  
HEAVY QPF PLACEMENT AND WITH A FAVORABLE ENVIRONMENT FOR LOCALLY  
ENHANCED RAINFALL, THE SLGT RISK WAS GENERALLY MAINTAINED FROM THE  
PREVIOUS FORECAST.  
   
..SOUTHWEST
 
 
MONSOONAL ACTIVITY WILL CONTINUE FOR ANOTHER DAY AS THE SOUTHWEST  
CONUS LIES UNDERNEATH A BROAD RIDGE CENTERED OVER THE FOUR CORNERS  
WITH MULTIPLE MID-LEVEL VORTICITY MAXIMA PIVOTING UNDER THE RIDGE  
AXIS. SEASONAL TO SLIGHTLY ELEVATED PWATS WILL EXTEND THROUGHOUT  
THE SOUTHWEST, EVEN REACHING A BIT FURTHER NORTH INTO THE GREAT  
BASIN BY FRIDAY LEADING TO SOME LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL EVEN MAKING  
ITS PRESENCE INTO PORTIONS OF NV AND CENTRAL UT WHILE ALSO  
IMPACTING THOSE SAME AREAS THAT SAW ACTIVITY THE PRIOR PERIOD.  
LOCAL TOTALS OF 1-2" ARE FORECAST, BUT AREAL QPF AVERAGE IS PRETTY  
MUCH BETWEEN 0.25-0.5" WHICH IS TYPICAL FOR THESE TYPES OF SETUPS.  
A BROAD MRGL REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR MUCH OF THE DESERT SOUTHWEST UP  
INTO THE GREAT BASIN, EXTENDING EAST INTO THE SOUTHERN ROCKIES  
LOCATED OVER SOUTHWESTERN CO INTO NM.  
 
KLEEBAUER  
 
 
DAY 4 AND DAY 5  
 
VALID 12Z SAT AUG 22 2026 - 12Z MON AUG 24 2026  
 
...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL FOR PORTIONS OF  
THE EAST COAST, SOUTHWEST AND INTERMOUNTAIN WEST...  
   
..2030Z UPDATE
 
 
ONLY SMALL CHANGES WERE NEEDED TO THE PREVIOUS FORECASTS FOR THIS  
WEEKEND. THE MARGINAL ON SATURDAY WAS EXPANDED NORTH UP THE NEW  
ENGLAND COAST. WHILE THERE IS UNCERTAINTY WITH BOTH THE TIMING OF  
THE RAIN (WHETHER IT WILL BE FULLY OFF THE COAST BY SATURDAY) AND  
HOW HEAVY IT WILL BE (INSTABILITY WILL BE A LIMITING FACTOR), URBAN  
AREAS FURTHER EAST, INCLUDING PROVIDENCE, RI AND BOSTON, MA BOTH  
HAVE A HIGHER CHANCE OF SEEING AT LEAST STEADIER RAINFALL, AS NOTED  
BY THE HIGHER QPF. GIVEN THE SENSITIVE NATURE OF THOSE URBAN AREAS  
REGARDING ONSET OF FLASH FLOODING, AND POTENTIAL FOR AT LEAST SOME  
INSTABILITY TO SUPPORT PERIODS OF HEAVIER RAINFALL, THE MARGINAL  
RISK WAS EXTENDED.  
 
A SLIGHT RISK MAY NEED TO BE CONSIDERED FOR COASTAL AREAS OF NORTH  
CAROLINA AS WELL WITH FUTURE UPDATES IF DELAYS THAT FAIL TO MOVE  
THE FRONT ALONG IN THAT AREA PERSIST.  
 
MONSOON RAINS CONTINUE IN THE AFTERNOONS OF BOTH WEEKEND DAYS  
ACROSS MUCH OF THE WEST. A BIT OF TRIMMING WAS DONE ON THE WESTERN  
SIDE, TO INCLUDE WESTERN ARIZONA AND SOUTHERN NEVADA DUE TO LACK OF  
APPRECIABLE RAINFALL FORECAST IN THOSE AREAS ON SATURDAY.  
 
TRANSIENT MCSS MAY IMPACT PORTIONS OF THE PLAINS AND LOWER TO MID  
MISSISSIPPI VALLEY THIS WEEKEND, WHICH MAY REQUIRE AT LEAST A  
MARGINAL RISK TO BE ISSUED WITH FUTURE UPDATES, BUT LARGE  
UNCERTAINTY ABOUT WHERE THEY WILL BE PRECLUDED THAT ISSUANCE AT  
THIS TIME.  
 
WEGMAN  
   
..PREVIOUS DISCUSSION
 
 
   
..EAST COAST
 
 
THE MID TO UPPER TROUGH DEEPENS FURTHER OVER THE EASTERN U.S. ON  
SATURDAY, BUT THE NORTHERN STREAM ENERGY CURRENTLY APPEARS  
SEPARATED FROM THE DEEPER MOISTURE PLUME FURTHER SOUTH AND EAST.  
WHILE ADEQUATE INSTABILITY AND UPPER LEVEL FORCING WILL SUPPORT  
SCATTERED THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT ACROSS PORTIONS OF MI, OH AND  
NY, PWS APPEAR INSUFFICIENT TO SUPPORT FLASH FLOODING, PARTICULARLY  
GIVEN EXPECTED QUICK CELL MOTIONS. THUS THE MARGINAL RISK WAS  
REMOVED ACROSS THIS REGION.  
 
THE BETTER THREAT FOR HEAVY RAINFALL WILL REMAIN FOCUSED FROM THE  
COASTAL CAROLINAS INTO THE MID-ATLANTIC, WHERE A LINGERING  
STATIONARY FRONT INTERACTS WITH THE BEST OVERLAP OF INSTABILITY  
AND HIGH PW VALUES. FORECAST CONFIDENCE IN A CONTINUED FLASH FLOOD  
THREAT IS HIGHEST ALONG THE COASTAL CAROLINAS, WHERE STRONGER  
INSTABILITY IS MORE LIKELY, AND ANTECEDENT RAINFALL IN PRIOR DAYS  
MAY LOWER FFG. CONFIDENCE IS LOWER ACROSS THE COASTAL MID-  
ATLANTIC, AS THE AXIS OF INSTABILITY AND MOISTURE COULD GET SHUNTED  
OFFSHORE. HOWEVER, THE MARGINAL RISK WAS MAINTAINED HERE AS A FEW  
MODELS STILL INDICATE LOCALLY HEAVY RAIN POTENTIAL AND THE CSU  
MACHINE LEARNING ERO GUIDANCE HIGHLIGHTS A SMALL SLIGHT RISK AREA.  
 
NO MARGINAL RISK IS DELINEATED ON DAY 5 (SUNDAY) GIVEN SPATIAL  
UNCERTAINTY AND THE HIGHER PROBABILITY THAT THE DIGGING TROUGH  
DOES NOT TAP INTO THE BETTER MOISTURE POOL. HOWEVER, IF THE UPPER  
TROUGH DIGS MORE AND TAKES ON A NEGATIVE TILT, DEEPER MOISTURE  
COULD GET DRAWN BACK INTO THE SYSTEM, RESULTING IN SOME FLASH FLOOD  
RISK OVER NEW ENGLAND. THUS WE WILL CONTINUE TO MONITOR TRENDS.  
   
..SOUTHWEST AND INTERMOUNTAIN WEST
 
 
BROAD MARGINAL RISKS REMAIN IN PLACE ACROSS PORTIONS OF THE WEST  
THIS WEEKEND. PLENTIFUL MONSOONAL MOISTURE AND DAYTIME INSTABILITY  
WILL PROMOTE LOCALIZED FLASH FLOODING BOTH DAYS. BECAUSE CONVECTIVE  
DEVELOPMENT WILL REMAIN LARGELY TIED TO TERRAIN DRIVEN FORCING,  
OVERALL COVERAGE IS EXPECTED TO STAY BELOW SLIGHT RISK THRESHOLDS.  
 
ON SATURDAY THE HIGHEST PW ANOMALIES ARE FORECAST TO BE CENTERED  
OVER UT, WY, ID AND SOUTHERN MT, WHERE VALUES ARE EXPECTED TO  
EXCEED THE CLIMATOLOGICAL 90TH PERCENTILE. SUFFICIENT INSTABILITY  
SHOULD BE IN PLACE, ALONG WITH SOME LARGE SCALE FORCING ON THE  
PERIPHERY OF THE UPPER RIDGE...TO RESULT IN SCATTERED CONVECTION  
AND LOCALIZED FLASH FLOOD POTENTIAL. THE MARGINAL RISK WAS  
EXPANDED NORTHWARD TO INCLUDE THESE AREAS.  
 
CHENARD  
 
 
DAY 1 THREAT AREA: HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/QPF/94EPOINTS.TXT  
DAY 2 THREAT AREA: HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/QPF/98EPOINTS.TXT  
DAY 3 THREAT AREA: HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/QPF/99EPOINTS.TXT  
 

 
 
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