560  
FOUS30 KWBC 040746  
QPFERD  
 
EXCESSIVE RAINFALL DISCUSSION  
NWS WEATHER PREDICTION CENTER COLLEGE PARK MD  
346 AM EDT SUN OCT 4 2026  
 
DAY 1  
VALID 12Z SUN OCT 04 2026 - 12Z MON OCT 05 2026  
 
...THERE IS A MODERATE RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL FOR PORTIONS OF  
THE LOWER TEXAS COAST...  
   
..SOUTHEAST TO GULF COAST
 
 
AN AMPLIFYING MID-LEVEL TROUGH WILL DIG AND EXPAND ACROSS THE  
EASTERN THIRD OF THE CONUS TODAY, BUT HEIGHT FALLS WILL STRUGGLE TO  
DIG AS FAR AS THE GULF COAST DUE TO A RIDGE CENTERED OVER THE FL  
PENINSULA AND BACKING WEST INTO THE GULF. THIS WILL RESULT IN  
SQUEEZED MID-LEVEL FLOW FROM TEXAS THROUGH THE CAROLINAS, AND  
ALTHOUGH SUBTLE HEIGHT FALLS MAY EVENTUALLY EXPAND SOUTHEAST BY  
MONDAY MORNING, THE RESULTING SURFACE FRONT IS LIKELY TO REMAIN  
GENERALLY IN PLACE WITH JUST SOME WAVERING THROUGH THE D1 PERIOD.  
 
THIS FRONT WILL SERVE AS AN AXIS FOR BOTH MASS CONVERGENCE AND  
IMPRESSIVE MOISTURE CONFLUENCE THROUGH THE DAY. THE RESULTING  
ASCENT WILL BE AIDED BY THE AFOREMENTIONED WEAK HEIGHT FALLS, BUT  
MORE IMPRESSIVELY BY INTENSE DIFFLUENCE WITHIN THE RRQ OF A  
MERIDIONALLY ARCING AND STRENGTHENING JET STREAK PIVOTING INTO NEW  
ENGLAND. THIS DEEP LAYER LIFT WILL ACT UPON INTENSE THERMODYNAMICS  
THANKS TO A POOL OF PWS ABOVE 2.25-2.5" (ABOVE THE 99TH PERCENTILE  
ACCORDING TO NAEFS AND LOCALLY +3 SIGMA FROM THE CLIMO MEAN) TO  
SUPPORT WIDESPREAD CONVECTION, AND ALTHOUGH INSTABILITY MAY BE  
SOMEWHAT INHIBITED TO GENERALLY 500-1000 J/KG DUE TO CLOUD COVER,  
THE EXTREME PWS AND 15 KFT+ WARM CLOUD DEPTHS WILL STILL SUPPORT  
EFFICIENT RAINFALL RATES OF 2-3"/HR, WITH SHORT-TERM RATES EVEN  
HIGHER THAN THAT THANKS TO CONVECTIVE ORGANIZATION ON 20-30 KTS OF  
BULK SHEAR  
 
THE GUIDANCE IS IN GOOD AGREEMENT THIS PLUME OF PW WILL REMAIN  
MOSTLY UNCHANGED THROUGH THE D1 PERIOD, LEADING TO MULTIPLE ROUNDS  
OF HEAVY PRECIPITATION. WHILE THE AXIS OF HEAVIEST RAINFALL DOES  
VARY AMONGST THE DIFFERENT CAMS, WEAK IMPULSES DRIFTING FROM LA TO  
THE WESTERN FL PANHANDLE MAY HELP DEVELOP A WAVE OF LOW PRESSURE ALONG  
THE FRONT TO SERVE AS A FOCUS FOR LOCALLY HEAVIER RAINFALL, AND AS  
CORFIDI VECTORS COLLAPSE TO AROUND 5 KTS AND ALIGN INCREASINGLY  
PARALLEL TO THE WEAK MEAN FLOW, THIS WILL SUPPORT UPWIND  
DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING OF RATES. THIS SUGGESTS THAT SOME AREAS  
WILL RECEIVE 3-5" OF RAIN TODAY, WITH LOCALLY AS MUCH AS 8"  
POSSIBLE FROM MOBILE BAY, AL EASTWARD TO THE EMERALD AND FORGOTTEN  
COASTS ALONG THE FLORIDA PANHANDLE. CONSIDERED A SMALL MDT RISK FOR  
THESE AREAS BUT DUE TO RELATIVELY HIGH FFG AND MODEST EXCEEDANCE  
PROBABILITIES FOCUSED RIGHT ON THE COAST, AND AFTER COORDINATION  
WITH WFOS MOB AND TAE, OPTED TO KEEP THE ENHANCED SLIGHT RISK IN  
PLACE FOR NOW AND DEFER A POSSIBLE UPGRADE, IF NEEDED, TO THE D1  
CYCLE LATER TODAY.  
 
FARTHER SOUTHWEST ALONG THE WESTERN GULF COAST AND THE ENTIRE TEXAS  
COAST, THE MRGL RISK WAS JOINED TO ENCOMPASS THE IMMEDIATE COAST OF  
THE ENTIRE REGION DUE TO POSSIBLE ONSHORE DRIFT OF HEAVY RAINFALL  
THROUGH THE MORNING/AFTN HOURS. HOWEVER, THE MOST SIGNIFICANT  
RAINFALL (BOTH OF THIS AREA AND MAYBE THE ENTIRE DAY) IS  
ANTICIPATED ALONG THE LOWER TEXAS COAST BETWEEN BROWNSVILLE AND  
CORPUS CHRISTI. HERE, CONVECTION DEVELOPING OVER THE GULF BENEATH  
MID-LEVEL IMPULSES WILL TRACK SW AND INTO IMPRESSIVE MOIST INFLOW,  
PUSHING ONSHORE REPEATEDLY THANKS TO ANTI-PARALLEL CORFIDI  
VECTORS. WITH RAINFALL RATES LIKELY REACHING 2-3"/HR, THIS COULD  
RESULT IN LOCAL MAXIMA RAINFALL IN EXCESS OF 10" IN A FEW  
LOCATIONS, AND BOTH THE REFS AND HREF INDICATE A HIGH RISK (>50%  
CHANCE) FOR AT LEAST 8" OF RAIN. THIS WILL FALL ATOP LOCALLY MORE  
SENSITIVE SOILS TOO SINCE RECENT RAINFALL HAS BEEN SIGNIFICANT IN  
SOME AREAS (2-4" LAST 12 HOURS, UP TO 8" LAST 3 DAYS). WHILE THIS  
REGION GENERALLY HAS ELEVATED FFG DUE TO SANDY SOILS, AFTER  
COORDINATION WITH WFO BRO AND CRP, RAISED A TARGETED MDT RISK FOR  
THE LOWER TEXAS COAST WHERE LOCALLY SIGNIFICANT IMPACTS ARE  
POSSIBLE SHOULD ANY OF THIS HEAVY RAIN TRACK ACROSS URBAN AREAS OR  
MORE SENSITIVE SOILS.  
 
FINALLY, THERE IS A TERTIARY AREA OF LOCALLY HEAVIER RAINFALL  
POSSIBLE ALONG THE GEORGIA COAST, CENTERED ON THE VICINITY OF  
SAVANNAH, GA. WHILE THERE IS A LOT OF SPATIAL SPREAD AMONG THE  
VARIOUS CAMS AND ASSOCIATED ENSEMBLE CLUSTERS (REFS, HREF), THERE  
IS A DISTINCT SIGNAL FOR LOCALLY MORE SIGNIFICANT RAINFALL ACROSS  
THIS AREA AS WELL. THIS IS LIKELY TO OCCUR IN TWO ROUNDS - ONE FROM  
PINNED SEA BREEZE CONVECTION AIDED BY RESULTANT FRONTOGENESIS  
BENEATH THE AGEOSTROPHIC CIRCULATION OF THE AFOREMENTIONED JET  
STREAK - WITH A SECOND ROUND POSSIBLY OCCURRING LATER AT NIGHT AS A  
WAVE OF LOW PRESSURE MOVING ONSHORE THE FL PANHANDLE APPROACHES  
FROM THE SW. ANY CONVECTION WILL AGAIN CONTAIN 2-3"/HR RAIN RATES,  
AND THIS AREA HAS BEEN SATURATED RECENTLY LEADING TO LOCALLY  
COMPROMISED FFG OF 1-2"/3HRS. THIS SUGGESTS DESPITE THE GENERAL  
SANDY SOILS ACROSS GEORGIA COAST, SCATTERED FLASH FLOOD IMPACTS ARE  
POSSIBLE WHERE THESE LOCALLY MORE VULNERABLE SOILS BECOME  
OVERWHELMED BY REPEATING ROUNDS OF HEAVY RAIN.  
 
WEISS  
 
 
DAY 2  
VALID 12Z MON OCT 05 2026 - 12Z TUE OCT 06 2026  
 
...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL FOR THE LOWER TEXAS  
COAST...  
   
..TEXAS COAST
 
 
ANOTHER DAY OF HEAVY RAINFALL IS LIKELY ACROSS THE LOWER TEXAS  
COAST AND INTO PARTS OF SOUTH TEXAS, LIKELY INCREASING OR  
EXACERBATING FLASH FLOODING IMPACTS ANTICIPATED DURING D1.  
 
A SURFACE FRONT WILL TRACK SOUTHWARD INTO THE GULF SUNDAY AND  
LINGER ALONG THE LOWER TEXAS COAST MONDAY. WHILE THE ACCOMPANYING  
RIBBON OF INSTABILITY MAY BE QUITE COMPRESSED BY MONDAY, PWS AS  
HIGH AS 2.5" AND DEEP WARM CLOUD DEPTHS WILL MAINTAIN A FAVORABLE  
THERMODYNAMIC ENVIRONMENT FOR HEAVY RAINFALL. ADDITIONALLY, AN AXIS  
OF 700-500MB DEFORMATION JUST OFFSHORE WILL ARC BACK TOWARDS THE  
REGION, RESULTING IN A NARROW CORRIDOR OF ENHANCED ASCENT TO DRIVE  
STREAKS OF CONVECTION WITH HEAVY RAIN. THE HREF (WHEN AVAILABLE)  
AND REFS BOTH INDICATE A 20-30% CHANCE OF RAINFALL RATES EXCEEDING  
2"/HR, WHICH THROUGH TRAINING THANKS TO CONTINUED ANTI-PARALLEL  
CORFIDI VECTORS MAY PRODUCE AN ADDITIONAL 3-5" WITH LOCALLY HIGHER  
AMOUNTS (REFS 5"/24HR PROBABILITIES ABOVE 50%). FOR THIS REASON A  
SLGT RISK HAS BEEN ADDED FOR A NARROW CORRIDOR OF THE BRO CWA.  
   
..SOUTHEAST
 
 
A SIMILAR ENVIRONMENT PERSISTS FARTHER EAST ALONG THE GULF COAST  
FROM THE FLORIDA PANHANDLE AND EXTENDING NORTHEAST INTO COASTAL  
SOUTH CAROLINA. A COLD FRONT WILL BE DRIFTING SLOWLY SOUTHEAST  
ACROSS THIS AREA AS HEIGHT FALLS SOUTH OF AN EXPANSIVE MID-LEVEL  
TROUGH INEXORABLY WORK THEIR WAY SOUTH TOWARDS THE GULF COAST. WEAK  
IMPULSES MOVING THROUGH THE FLOW ALOFT WILL HELP GENERATE WAVES OF  
LOW PRESSURE ALONG THIS FRONT, AND WHERE THESE WAVES MOVE NORTHEAST  
THEY WILL ENHANCE THE RAINFALL THROUGH LOCALLY ACCELERATED FLOW AND  
STRONGER ASCENT. REGARDLESS, EFFICIENT RAINFALL RATES OF 2-3"/HR  
ARE LIKELY WITHIN A PLUME OF EXCEPTIONAL TROPICAL MOISTURE (PWS  
ABOVE 2.25") AND DEEP WARM CLOUD DEPTHS. CONSIDERED A SLGT RISK  
WHERE THE GUIDANCE SUPPORTS AREAS OF HEAVIER RAINFALL, BUT THERE  
CONTINUES TO BE SOME UNCERTAINTY AS TO HOW MUCH INSTABILITY WILL  
PERSIST NORTH OF THE FRONT (DEPENDING ON HOW FAR SOUTH IT  
PROGRESSES), AND ANAFRONTAL RAINFALL MAY NOT BE HEAVY ENOUGH FOR A  
SLGT RISK UPGRADE. WHILE TRAINING IS LIKELY ALONG THE CAPE  
GRADIENT WHICH THROUGH THESE RAIN RATES COULD LEAD TO 2-4" OF RAIN  
ATOP SATURATED SOILS FROM D1, OPTED TO MAINTAIN THE MRGL RISK AT  
THIS TIME DUE TO THIS UNCERTAINTY. HOWEVER, A SLGT RISK UPGRADE MAY  
BE NEEDED IF SIGNALS CONTINUE TO SUPPORT ANOTHER DAY OF HEAVY RAIN  
ON MONDAY.  
 
WEISS  
 
 
DAY 3  
VALID 12Z TUE OCT 06 2026 - 12Z WED OCT 07 2026  
 
...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL FOR MUCH OF  
FLORIDA AND SOUTHEAST GEORGIA...  
 
THE COLD FRONT FROM MONDAY WILL STALL ACROSS THE NORTHERN FLORIDA  
PENINSULA TUESDAY AS A STATIONARY FRONT. THIS FRONT WILL MEANDER  
SUBTLY NORTH/SOUTH THROUGH D3, REMAINING ENTRENCHED WITHIN WEAK  
MID-LEVEL FLOW AND A PLUME OF ANOMALOUS PWS PROGGED TO BE OVER  
2.25", OR ABOVE THE 97TH CLIMATOLOGICAL PERCENTILE ACCORDING TO  
NAEFS. WEAK MID-LEVEL SHORTWAVES TRAVERSING SLOWLY ATOP THE  
BOUNDARY WILL ENHANCE ASCENT, AND DESPITE MODEST INSTABILITY, THE  
OVERLAP OF SUFFICIENT ASCENT WITHIN THE DEEP TROPICAL MOISTURE WILL  
RESULT IN YET ANOTHER DAY OF HEAVY RAIN AS CONVECTION TRAINS WSW TO  
ENE ON 0-6KM MEAN WINDS PARALLEL TO THE BOUNDARY. WITH RAIN RATES  
EXPECTED TO REACH 1-2"/HR, AT LEAST ISOLATED FLASH FLOOD IMPACTS  
ARE EXPECTED, ESPECIALLY WHERE RAIN MOVES ACROSS AREAS THAT ALSO  
EXPERIENCE HEAVY RAIN ON D2 /MONDAY./ EFFECTIVE BULK SHEAR OF 20-30  
KTS MAY SUPPORT SOME MODEST ORGANIZATION WHICH COULD ENHANCE THE  
RISK TO DRIVE A TARGETED UPGRADE TO A SLGT RISK, BUT AT THIS TIME  
MAINTAINED THE MRGL RISK DUE TO UNCERTAINTY IN THE INTENSITY AND  
FOOTPRINT.  
 
WEISS  
 
 
DAY 4 AND DAY 5  
 
VALID 12Z WED OCT 07 2026 - 12Z FRI OCT 09 2026  
 
...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL WEDNESDAY ACROSS  
PORTIONS OF THE FLORIDA PENINSULA...  
 
A STATIONARY SURFACE FRONT WILL REMAIN DRAPED ROUGHLY HALFWAY  
ACROSS THE FL PENINSULA TUESDAY THROUGH THURSDAY AND WILL CONTINUE  
TO BE A FOCUS FOR POTENTIALLY HEAVY RAINFALL THROUGH AT LEAST  
WEDNESDAY NIGHT (CURRENT DAY 4). THE AXIS OF HIGHEST PWS  
(2.25-2.5") AND MID-LEVEL SHORTWAVE ENERGY WILL BE BE IN THE  
FRONT'S VICINITY, AS WELL AS INSTABILITY FROM THE NEARBY GULF. DEEP  
WEST/WEST-SOUTHWESTERLY FLOW WILL ENHANCED THE RISK FOR TRAINING  
CELLS COMING OFF THE EASTERN GULF ACROSS CENTRAL FL, WHILE ANTI-  
PARALLEL FLOW TO THE FRONT'S NORTH ACROSS NORTHERN FL BRINGING IN  
INSTABILITY FROM THE SUBTROPICAL ATLANTIC AND COULD LEAD TO VERY  
HIGH PRECIPITATION EFFICIENCY. EFFECTIVE BULK SHEAR VALUES OVER  
20KTS WOULD ALLOW FOR SOME DEGREE OF ORGANIZATION ON WEDNESDAY.  
HOWEVER ON THURSDAY, THE GUIDANCE SHOWS THE FRONT BECOME A LITTLE  
MORE DIFFUSE AS THE SUBTROPICAL RIDGE AND A MORE DNVA REGIME  
BEGINS TO BUILD ACROSS THE FL PENINSULA. THIS WOULD EXPLAIN WHY THE  
00Z OPERATIONAL GLOBAL QPFS (GFS/ECMWF/UKMET/CMC) ARE LOWER ON DAY  
5 COMPARED TO DAY 4. AS A RESULT, AT LEAST FOR NOW, WE DID NOT  
EXTEND THE MARGINAL RISK AREA INTO THE DAY 5 ERO.  
 
HURLEY/ROTH  
 
 
DAY 1 THREAT AREA: HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/QPF/94EPOINTS.TXT  
DAY 2 THREAT AREA: HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/QPF/98EPOINTS.TXT  
DAY 3 THREAT AREA: HTTPS://WWW.WPC.NCEP.NOAA.GOV/QPF/99EPOINTS.TXT  
 

 
 
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