630  
FXPQ50 PGUM 210742  
AFDGUM  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TIYAN GU  
542 PM CHST MON JUL 21 2025  
   
MARIANAS SYNOPSIS  
 
SATELLITE AND RADAR OBSERVATIONS SHOW GENERALLY PARTLY CLOUDY SKIES  
AND ISOLATED SHOWERS ACROSS THE MARIANAS. RITIDIAN AND IPAN BUOYS  
SHOW COMBINED SEAS BETWEEN 3 AND 5 FEET.  
 
 
   
DISCUSSION  
 
SHORT TERM (TONIGHT THROUGH WEDNESDAY):  
 
OVERALL, LITTLE CHANGE WAS MADE WITHIN THE SHORT TERM FORECAST. THE  
MARIANAS LOOK TO REMAIN IN A RELATIVE LULL WITH ISOLATED TO SCATTERED  
SHOWERS THROUGH WEDNESDAY. THE BULK OF THE SHOWERS ON WEDNESDAY LOOK  
TO BE DUE TO INCREASED CONVERGENCE AS THE MONSOON TROUGH EXPANDS  
WESTWARD JUST SOUTH OF GUAM AND INTERACTS WITH THE EAST TO SOUTHEAST  
TRADE-WINDS.  
 
LONG TERM (WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH MONDAY):  
THE TROPICAL DISTURBANCE THAT IS EXPECTED TO APPROACH THE MARIANAS  
HAS BEEN DESIGNATED INVEST 98W BY THE JTWC. THE SYSTEM IS LOCATED IN  
EASTERN CHUUK STATE AND IS EXPECTED TO MOVE WEST-NORTHWEST OVER THE  
COMING DAYS BEFORE TURNING NORTHWARD TOWARDS THE MARIANAS. WE'LL  
START THE PERIOD WITH EAST-NORTHEAST WINDS GRADUALLY TURNING  
NORTHWARD AND THEN WESTWARDS AS THE TROPICAL DISTURBANCE APPROACHES.  
MODEL GUIDANCE CONTINUES TO SHOW 5 TO 10 INCHES OF RAIN ACROSS THE  
MARIANAS FROM THURSDAY THROUGH SUNDAY NIGHT, WITH LOCALLY HIGHER  
AMOUNTS GREATER THAN 12 INCHES POSSIBLE. THE RAINFALL FORECAST WILL  
DEPEND ON THE PATCH OF THE STORM AND WHETHER OR NOT IT TAPS INTO THE  
MONSOONAL FLOW. BOTH THE GFS AND ECMWF SHOW THIS HAPPENING LEADING TO  
COPIOUS OF RAINFALL ACROSS THE MARIANAS. CONFIDENCE IS LOWER IN THE  
POTENTIAL STRENGTH FOR 98W. PLEASE SEE THE HYDROLOGY AND TROPICAL  
SYSTEMS SECTIONS FOR MORE DETAILS.  
 
 
   
MARINE  
 
THE MAIN CHANGE FOR MARINE WAS TO INTRODUCE A PRIMARY WESTERLY SWELL  
IN THE SHORT TERM. RITIDIAN BUOY DATA SHOWS A 2 TO 3 FOOT WESTERLY  
SWELL WITH AN EASTERLY SWELL AROUND 2 FEET. THIS WESTERLY SWELL IS  
EXPECTED TO BE SHORT LIVED AS THE TRADE SWELL INCREASES TOMORROW.  
BOTH SWELLS REMAIN LOW ENOUGH TO KEEP THE RIP CURRENT RISK LOW ALONG  
ALL REEFS. A MODERATE RISK FOR RIP CURRENTS WILL BE POSSIBLE TUESDAY  
NIGHT ALONG EAST FACING REEFS AS THE TRADE-SWELL INCREASES.  
 
 
   
HYDROLOGY  
 
A TROPICAL DISTURBANCE, JOINT TYPHOON WARNING CENTER'S (JTWC) INVEST  
98W IS CENTERED SOUTHEAST OF GUAM NEAR 9N154E. THIS INVEST IS  
EXPECTED TO MOVE TOWARD THE MARIANAS THROUGH THE WEEK AS IT SLOWLY  
DEVELOPS. 98W IS EXPECTED TO BRING HEAVY RAINFALL TO THE MARIANAS  
THURSDAY EVENING THROUGH SUNDAY. MODELS DIFFER ON LOCATION AND  
STRENGTH OF 98W AS IT MOVES THROUGH THE MARIANAS, HOWEVER, THEY DO  
AGREE THAT HEAVY RAINFALL IS LIKELY AS EARLY AS THURSDAY, CONTINUING  
THROUGH THE WEEKEND.  
 
THERE REMAINS THE POTENTIAL FOR GUAM AND THE CNMI TO SEE RAINFALL  
AMOUNTS OF 5 TO 10 INCHES BY SUNDAY. ENSEMBLE MEANS LIE ON THE LOWER  
END OF THIS RANGE BETWEEN 5 TO 8 INCHES, BUT 75TH PERCENTILES ARE  
CLOSER TO 6 TO 10 INCHES FOR THE MARIANAS AND THE 90TH PERCENTILE  
SHOWS THE POTENTIAL FOR OVER A FOOT OF RAIN ACROSS SAIPAN AND TINIAN.  
DETERMINISTIC GUIDANCE ALSO SHOWS SOME OF THESE HIGHER RAINFALL  
TOTALS, SHOWING THE POTENTIAL FOR A HIGHER END RAINFALL EVENT  
DEPENDING ON THE EXACT TRACK AND STRENGTH OF INVEST 98W AND THE  
POSITIONING OF THE MONSOON TROUGH.  
 
RESIDENTS ON THE MARIANAS NEED TO CLOSELY MONITOR THIS DEVELOPING  
SITUATION AS WATCHES, ADVISORIES AND WARNINGS COULD BE ISSUED LATER.  
 
IF LIVING NEAR STREAMS AND RIVERS, PREPARE TO MOVE ITEMS AWAY FROM  
STREAM AND RIVER BANKS. MAKE SURE STORM DRAINS NEARBY ARE NOT  
CLOGGED, ESPECIALLY IF LIVING IN LOW-LYING AREAS.  
 
 
   
TROPICAL SYSTEMS  
 
A TROPICAL DISTURBANCE, JOINT TYPHOON WARNING CENTER'S (JTWC) INVEST  
98W IS CENTERED SOUTHEAST OF GUAM NEAR 9N144E. INVEST 98W IS  
CURRENTLY RATED LOW, MEANING DEVELOPMENT INTO A TROPICAL CYCLONE IS  
NOT EXPECTED WITHIN THE NEXT 24 HOURS. INVEST 98W IS SHOWING SIGNS  
FOR GRADUAL DEVELOPMENT BEYOND 24 HOURS WITH SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS  
SHOWING PERSISTING CONVECTION AND SOME FEATURES REMINISCENT OF  
BANDING. INVEST 98W WILL SLOWLY MOVE WEST-NORTHWEST OVER THE COMING  
DAYS BEFORE TURNING NORTHWARD TOWARDS THE MARIANAS. MODEL GUIDANCE  
VARIES ON THE STRENGTH OF INVEST 98W. THE POSITION OF 98W AND AN  
UPPER TROUGH COULD DRASTICALLY ALTER THE FORECAST WHERE ONE SOLUTION  
COULD LEAD TO THE STORM BEING SHEARED AND NOT STRONGER THAN A  
TROPICAL DEPRESSION. THE OTHER SOLUTION IS THAT THE UPPER TROUGH  
PROVIDES GOOD OUTFLOW FOR 98W AND THE SYSTEM INTENSIFIES INTO A  
STRONGER TROPICAL STORM OR TYPHOON. THIS SYSTEM WILL BE MONITORED  
CLOSELY AS IT APPROACHES THE MARIANAS. FOR MORE INFORMATION ON INVEST  
98W, SEE BULLETINS ISSUED BY JTWC UNDER WMO HEADER ABPW10 PGTW.  
 
ANOTHER TROPICAL DISTURBANCE, JTWC'S INVEST 97W, IS SEEN ROUGHLY 480  
MILES NORTHWEST OF YAP, CENTERED NEAR 14.6N 133.3E AS OF 06Z. INVEST  
97W IS CURRENTLY RATED MEDIUM, MEANING THE DISTURBANCE SHOWS  
ELEVATED POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT INTO A SIGNIFICANT TROPICAL  
CYCLONE, BUT DEVELOPMENT IS NOT LIKELY TO OCCUR WITHIN THE NEXT 24  
HOURS. VISIBLE SATELLITE IMAGERY THIS AFTERNOON SHOWS WIDESPREAD  
SHOWERS AND EXTENSIVE CLOUDINESS OVER THE AREA, BUT GAPS IN THE MID-  
AND UPPER LEVEL CLOUDS SHOW EVIDENCE OF A BROAD CIRCULATION AT THE  
SURFACE, WITH CONVECTION BUILDING ALONG THE WESTERN AND NORTHERN  
FLANKS OF THE SYSTEM. SCATTEROMETRY THIS MORNING REVEALED A BROAD,  
WEAKLY-ORGANIZED CIRCULATION CENTER, WITH MAXIMUM SUSTAINED WINDS  
IN THE RANGE OF 15 TO 20 KNOTS. DETERMINISTIC AND ENSEMBLE MODEL  
GUIDANCE FAVORS A NORTH-NORTHWEST TRACK OF THE SYSTEM OVER THE  
PHILIPPINE SEA, WITH GRADUAL INTENSIFICATION INTO A BROAD MONSOON  
DEPRESSION OVER THE NEXT 48 HOURS. FOR MORE INFORMATION ON INVEST  
98W, SEE BULLETINS ISSUED BY JTWC UNDER WMO HEADER ABPW10 PGTW.  
 
 
   
EASTERN MICRONESIA  
 
AN ACTIVE INTER-TROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE (ITCZ) REMAINS OVER  
EASTERN MICRONESIA. AS A SERIES OF TRADE-WIND TROUGHS MOVE THROUGH  
THE REGION, THEY WILL CONTINUE TO INTERACT WITH THE ITCZ TO MAINTAIN  
AN UNSETTLED PATTERN OVER THE MARSHALLS THROUGH TUESDAY NIGHT, AT  
POHNPEI THROUGH TUESDAY AND AT KOSRAE TONIGHT. ANOTHER BAND OF  
CONVERGENCE IS EVIDENT ON THE LATEST SURFACE ANALYSIS OVER KOSRAE,  
EXTENDING SOUTHEAST. AS ONE OF THE TROUGHS APPROACHES KOSRAE, THE  
ITCZ AND THE OTHER BAND OF CONVERGENCE WILL INTERACT WITH THE TROUGH  
TO BRING WIDESPREAD SHOWERS AND ISOLATED THUNDERSTORMS TO KOSRAE  
THROUGH THE NIGHT. BOTH THE TROUGH AND THE SECOND BAND OF CONVERGENCE  
LOOK TO MOVE WEST WHILE THE ITCZ WEAKENS EASTWARD AND DRIFTS NORTH,  
ALLOWING A MUCH DRIER TRADE-WIND PATTERN TO MOVE INTO KOSRAE BY  
TUESDAY MORNING, RESULTING IN ISOLATED SHOWERS AT KOSRAE. FOR  
POHNPEI, THE ITCZ AND A WEAK TROUGH WILL MAINTAIN SCATTERED SHOWERS  
AND ISOLATED THUNDERSTORMS THERE THROUGH TUESDAY AFTERNOON. THE  
TROUGH WILL BE WEST OF POHNPEI BY TUESDAY EVENING WHILE THE ITCZ  
WEAKENS EASTWARD. FOR MAJURO, THE ITCZ WILL REMAIN OVER THE ATOLL A  
BIT LONGER, MAINTAINING CONVECTION THERE THROUGH TUESDAY NIGHT. A  
DRY TRADE-WIND PATTERN THEN LOOKS TO CONTINUE ACROSS THE REGION  
THROUGH THE END OF THE WEEK. BY THURSDAY, ANOTHER ITCZ LOOKS TO  
DEVELOP OVER THE MARSHALLS, BRINGING INCREASED CONVECTION TO MAJURO  
FOR THE END OF THE WEEK INTO THE WEEKEND. THIS NEW ITCZ LOOKS TO  
SPREAD WEST INTO KOSRAE AND POHNPEI OVER THE WEEKEND.  
 
NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGES MADE TO THE MARINE FORECAST. MOSTLY LIGHT TO  
GENTLE WINDS ARE EXPECTED INTO THE WEEKEND WITH COMBINED SEAS SLOWLY  
SUBSIDING. SEAS ARE EXPECTED TO DROP TO BETWEEN 3 AND 4 FEET FOR  
POHNPEI AND KOSRAE AND BETWEEN 4 AND 5 FEET FOR MAJURO.  
 
 
   
WESTERN MICRONESIA  
 
THE MONSOON TROUGH AND INVEST 97W CONTINUE TO PULL FURTHER NORTH,  
WITH PALAU AND YAP LOCATED WITHIN THE MOIST WEST TO SOUTHWEST FLOW  
INTO THE SYSTEM. SATELLITE SHOWS WIDESPREAD SHOWERS AND CLOUDINESS  
ACROSS THE MONSOON TROUGH OBSCURING 97W, WHICH IS NOW LOCATED NEAR  
14.6N 133.3E AS OF 06Z, ROUGHLY 480 MILES NORTHWEST OF YAP.  
SCATTERED SHOWERS AND ISOLATED THUNDERSTORMS ARE SEEN DEVELOPING  
NEAR PALAU AND YAP ALONG AN AREA OF WEAK CONVERGENCE. SCATTERED  
SHOWERS IN THE AREA WILL INCREASE OVERNIGHT, PARTICULARLY OVER PALAU  
AS INVEST 97W PULLS FURTHER NORTH WITH A MONSOON TAIL DRAGGING  
OVERHEAD, BUT THE LOCATION OF SHOWERS WILL VARY SOMEWHAT DEPENDING  
ON THE SYSTEM'S MOTION AND DEVELOPMENT. SHOWERS COULD BECOME NUMEROUS  
FOR PALAU LATE OVERNIGHT INTO EARLY TUESDAY MORNING, WITH LOCALLY  
HEAVY RAINFALL POSSIBLE. CONDITIONS WILL GRADUALLY DRY OUT BY MIDWEEK  
AS THE MONSOON TROUGH AND 97W MOVE FURTHER AWAY FROM THE AREA.  
HOWEVER, YAP MAY SEE A RESURGENCE IN SHOWERS DURING THE LATTER HALF  
OF THE WEEK AS A POTENTIAL TROPICAL CYCLONE DEVELOPS NEAR THE  
MARIANAS, WHICH MAY PLACE IT IN A REGION OF MOIST CONVERGENT INFLOW.  
 
TO THE EAST, CHUUK IS LOCATED ALONG THE WESTERN PERIPHERY OF A NEWLY  
DESIGNATED DISTURBANCE, JTWC'S INVEST 98W. INVEST 98W, CURRENTLY  
LOCATED NEAR 8.5N 154.0E, IS POORLY ORGANIZED, BUT WILL MAINTAIN  
NUMEROUS LOCALLY HEAVY SHOWERS AND ISOLATED THUNDERSTORMS OVER THE  
AREA AS IT MEANDERS NORTHWEST OF CHUUK OVER THE NEXT DAY OR TWO.  
DETERMINISTIC AND ENSEMBLE MODELS REMAIN IN STRONG AGREEMENT THAT  
INVEST 98W WILL CONTINUE TO DEVELOP NEAR THE MARIANAS LATER IN THE  
WEEK, AND INFLOW INTO THE SYSTEM WILL MAINTAIN AT LEAST SCATTERED  
SHOWERS FOR CHUUK INTO LATE WEEK.  
 
WINDS FOR PALAU AND YAP WILL REMAIN LIGHT TO MODERATE OUT OF THE  
WEST TO SOUTHWEST OVER THE NEXT FEW DAYS, BACKING TO THE SOUTH AROUND  
MIDWEEK AS INVEST 97W PULLS FURTHER TO THE NORTHWEST, DEVELOPING  
INTO A BROAD CYCLONIC CIRCULATION OVER THE PHILIPPINE SEA. ALTIMETRY  
DATA SHOWS COMBINED SEAS OF AROUND 3 TO 5 FEET ACROSS THE REGION.  
NEAR PALAU AND YAP, SEAS ARE COMPRISED OF A WEST TO SOUTHWEST MONSOON  
SWELL AND A WEAKER EASTERLY TRADE SWELL. TRADE SWELL LOOKS TO  
DIMINISH SLIGHTLY AROUND MIDWEEK AS A SOUTHWEST MONSOON SWELL  
PERSISTS. A SECONDARY WEST TO NORTHWEST SWELL LOOKS TO ENTER THE  
REGION LATE IN THE WEEK AS INVEST 97W DEVELOPS FAR NORTH TO  
NORTHWEST OF THE REGION. BY THE WEEKEND, AN EAST TO SOUTHEAST TRADE  
SWELL IS EXPECTED TO TAKE OVER AS THE MONSOON SWELL DIMINISHES.  
 
FOR CHUUK, WINDS WILL BE LIGHT TO MODERATE AND VARIABLE IN DIRECTION  
OVER THE NEXT FEW DAYS AS INVEST 98W CROSSES THE AREA, BRINGING  
NUMEROUS SHOWERS AND A MODERATE RISK OF LIGHTNING. WINDS WILL VEER  
SOUTHERLY BY MIDWEEK AS 98W DEVELOPS NORTHWEST OF THE AREA, BUT ARE  
EXPECTED TO REMAIN LIGHT TO GENTLE. AN EAST TO NORTHEAST TRADE SWELL  
WILL REMAIN DOMINANT THROUGHOUT THE FORECAST PERIOD.  
 
 
   
GUM WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES  
 
GU...NONE.  
MP...NONE.  
MARIANAS WATERS...NONE.  
 
 
 
 
MARIANAS: WILLIAMS  
EAST MICRONESIA: KLEESCHULTE  
WEST MICRONESIA: DECOU  
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