920  
UXUS97 KGJT 141306  
SRGGJT  
 
SOARING FORECAST  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GRAND JUNCTION, COLORADO  
706 AM MDT TUESDAY, JULY 14, 2026  
 
THIS FORECAST IS FOR TUESDAY, JULY 14, 2026:  
 
IF THE TRIGGER TEMPERATURE OF 82.0 F/27.8 C IS REACHED...THEN  
THERMAL SOARING INDEX....................... EXCELLENT  
MAXIMUM RATE OF LIFT........................ 1637 FT/MIN (8.3 M/S)  
MAXIMUM HEIGHT OF THERMALS.................. 21813 FT MSL (16205 FT AGL)  
 
FORECAST MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE................... 102.0 F/39.3 C  
TIME OF TRIGGER TEMPERATURE.................... 0845 MDT  
TIME OF OVERDEVELOPMENT........................ NONE  
MIDDLE/HIGH CLOUDS DURING SOARING WINDOW....... NONE  
SURFACE WINDS DURING SOARING WINDOW............ 20 MPH OR LESS  
HEIGHT OF THE -3 THERMAL INDEX................. 17225 FT MSL (11617 FT AGL)  
THERMAL SOARING OUTLOOK FOR WEDNESDAY 07/15.... EXCELLENT  
 
WAVE SOARING INDEX............................. NOT AVAILABLE  
 
REMARKS...  
 
SUNRISE/SUNSET.................... 06:00:07 / 20:40:02 MDT  
TOTAL POSSIBLE SUNSHINE........... 14 HR 39 MIN 55 SEC (879 MIN 55 SEC)  
ALTITUDE OF SUN AT 13:20:05 MDT... 71.95 DEGREES  
 
UPPER AIR DATA FROM RAWINSONDE OBSERVATION TAKEN ON 07/14/2026 AT 0600 MDT  
 
FREEZING LEVEL.................. 17417 FT MSL (11809 FT AGL)  
CONVECTIVE CONDENSATION LEVEL... 15899 FT MSL (10291 FT AGL)  
LIFTED CONDENSATION LEVEL....... 17739 FT MSL (12131 FT AGL)  
LIFTED INDEX.................... -6.6  
K INDEX......................... +25.2  
 
HEIGHT TEMPERATURE WIND WIND SPD LAPSE RATE CONVECTIONT THERMAL LIFT RATE  
FT MSL DEG C DEG F DIR KT M/S C/KM F/KFT DEG C DEG F INDEX FPM M/S  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
50000 -64.9 -84.8 165 17 9 4.3 2.4 M M M M M  
45000 -56.7 -70.1 180 13 7 6.9 3.8 M M M M M  
40000 -46.5 -51.7 160 2 1 6.4 3.5 M M M M M  
38000 -42.1 -43.8 025 4 2 6.4 3.5 M M M M M  
36000 -38.2 -36.8 015 8 4 7.3 4.0 M M M M M  
34000 -33.9 -29.0 360 10 5 7.2 3.9 M M M M M  
32000 -29.6 -21.3 355 12 6 7.0 3.9 52.6 126.6 10.2 M M  
30000 -25.6 -14.1 345 15 8 6.7 3.7 49.9 121.8 8.4 M M  
29000 -23.6 -10.5 340 16 8 6.7 3.7 48.8 119.8 7.6 M M  
28000 -21.7 -7.1 340 17 9 5.7 3.1 47.6 117.6 6.7 M M  
27000 -20.0 -4.0 345 17 9 5.8 3.2 46.0 114.7 5.5 M M  
26000 -18.3 -0.9 350 17 9 5.8 3.2 44.5 112.1 4.4 M M  
25000 -16.6 2.1 350 17 9 6.2 3.4 43.2 109.7 3.3 M M  
24000 -14.7 5.5 360 16 8 6.5 3.6 41.8 107.3 2.2 M M  
23000 -12.8 9.0 005 15 8 6.5 3.6 40.6 105.2 1.2 M M  
22000 -10.9 12.4 015 14 7 6.9 3.8 39.6 103.3 0.3 M M  
21000 -8.2 17.2 025 14 7 7.1 3.9 38.3 101.0 -0.8 1350 6.9  
20000 -6.1 21.0 030 14 7 7.1 3.9 37.4 99.4 -1.6 1257 6.4  
19500 -5.1 22.8 030 14 7 8.1 4.4 37.1 98.7 -2.0 1210 6.1  
19000 -3.8 25.2 035 13 7 8.5 4.7 36.8 98.3 -2.2 1157 5.9  
18500 -2.5 27.5 035 13 7 8.5 4.7 36.6 97.9 -2.4 1105 5.6  
18000 -1.3 29.7 030 12 6 8.5 4.7 36.4 97.6 -2.6 1052 5.3  
17500 -0.0 32.0 030 12 6 8.6 4.7 36.2 97.2 -2.9 1001 5.1  
17000 1.2 34.2 025 12 6 8.4 4.6 36.0 96.8 -3.1 949 4.8  
16500 2.4 36.3 015 11 6 8.3 4.5 35.8 96.4 -3.5 899 4.6  
16000 3.5 38.3 005 10 5 8.2 4.5 35.5 95.9 -3.7 849 4.3  
15500 4.6 40.3 355 9 5 7.4 4.1 35.2 95.3 -4.2 801 4.1  
15000 5.7 42.3 340 8 4 7.5 4.1 34.8 94.6 -4.6 755 3.8  
14500 6.8 44.2 325 8 4 7.9 4.3 34.5 94.0 -5.0 708 3.6  
14000 7.9 46.2 315 8 4 7.9 4.3 34.1 93.5 -5.4 659 3.3  
13500 9.0 48.2 305 9 4 7.6 4.2 33.8 92.9 -5.7 610 3.1  
13000 10.1 50.2 300 9 5 7.5 4.1 33.5 92.3 -6.1 563 2.9  
12500 11.2 52.2 295 11 5 6.8 3.7 33.1 91.6 -6.5 515 2.6  
12000 12.1 53.8 285 11 6 6.0 3.3 32.5 90.5 -7.1 475 2.4  
11500 12.9 55.2 280 12 6 5.5 3.0 31.9 89.5 -7.8 434 2.2  
11000 13.6 56.5 275 12 6 4.5 2.5 31.1 88.0 -8.6 399 2.0  
10500 14.3 57.7 265 11 6 7.1 3.9 30.4 86.8 -9.4 362 1.8  
10250 14.9 58.8 265 11 6 6.6 3.6 30.2 86.4 -9.6 339 1.7  
10000 15.2 59.4 260 11 5 5.1 2.8 29.9 85.8 -10.0 321 1.6  
9750 15.6 60.1 260 10 5 6.1 3.3 29.6 85.2 -10.4 302 1.5  
9500 16.0 60.8 260 10 5 3.8 2.1 29.3 84.7 -10.7 284 1.4  
9250 16.1 61.0 255 9 5 4.1 2.2 28.7 83.7 -11.3 272 1.4  
9000 16.6 61.9 255 8 4 6.3 3.5 28.4 83.2 -11.7 252 1.3  
8750 17.0 62.6 255 7 4 6.3 3.5 28.1 82.6 -12.0 231 1.2  
8500 17.4 63.3 255 6 3 4.2 2.3 27.8 82.1 -12.3 211 1.1  
8250 17.6 63.7 255 5 3 3.8 2.1 27.3 81.2 -12.9 198 1.0  
8000 18.0 64.4 250 5 2 6.3 3.5 27.0 80.6 -13.2 178 0.9  
7750 18.5 65.3 240 4 2 6.0 3.3 26.7 80.1 -13.6 157 0.8  
7500 18.9 66.0 230 3 1 6.6 3.6 26.5 79.6 -13.9 136 0.7  
7250 19.4 66.9 205 3 2 6.8 3.7 26.2 79.2 -14.1 114 0.6  
7000 19.9 67.8 190 4 2 6.0 3.3 26.0 78.8 -14.4 92 0.5  
6750 20.3 68.5 180 5 2 4.6 2.5 25.7 78.2 -14.8 72 0.4  
6500 20.5 68.9 170 5 3 1.9 1.0 25.2 77.3 -15.3 58 0.3  
6250 20.6 69.1 165 6 3 -0.3 -0.2 24.5 76.1 -16.0 50 0.3  
6000 20.6 69.1 160 7 4 3.9 2.1 23.8 74.9 -16.8 42 0.2  
5750 20.8 69.4 155 7 4 -1.8 -1.0 23.4 74.0 -17.3 27 0.1  
5500 M M M M M M M M M M M M  
5250 M M M M M M M M M M M M  
5000 M M M M M M M M M M M M  
 
* * * * * * NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION MODEL FORECAST DATA VALID * * * * * *  
 
07/14/2026 AT 0900 MDT | 07/14/2026 AT 1200 MDT  
|  
CAPE... +16.9 LI... -0.5 | CAPE... +176.4 LI... -0.9  
CINH... -111.6 K INDEX... +24.3 | CINH... -62.6 K INDEX... +21.4  
|  
HEIGHT TEMPERATURE WND WNDSPD LAPSE RATE | TEMPERATURE WND WNDSPD LAPSE RATE  
FT MSL DEG C DEG F DIR KT M/S C/KM F/KFT | DEG C DEG F DIR KT M/S C/KM F/KFT  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
50000 -64.5 -84.1 175 26 14 4.5 2.5 | -64.7 -84.5 180 26 13 3.7 2.1  
45000 -56.4 -69.5 175 21 11 6.5 3.6 | -57.0 -70.6 175 24 12 7.0 3.8  
40000 -46.1 -51.0 165 9 4 6.5 3.6 | -46.0 -50.8 170 14 7 6.8 3.7  
38000 -42.2 -44.0 155 8 4 6.5 3.6 | -41.9 -43.4 170 12 6 6.8 3.7  
36000 -38.3 -36.9 140 7 3 6.8 3.7 | -37.8 -36.0 170 10 5 6.7 3.7  
34000 -34.2 -29.6 145 4 2 6.8 3.7 | -33.8 -28.8 165 6 3 6.7 3.7  
32000 -30.1 -22.2 150 2 1 7.1 3.9 | -29.8 -21.6 155 2 1 6.7 3.7  
30000 -25.9 -14.6 300 1 1 6.9 3.8 | -25.9 -14.6 315 2 1 6.5 3.5  
29000 -23.9 -11.0 310 3 1 6.9 3.8 | -24.0 -11.2 320 3 2 6.5 3.6  
28000 -21.9 -7.4 325 4 2 5.8 3.2 | -22.2 -8.0 330 4 2 5.0 2.7  
27000 -20.2 -4.4 350 5 3 5.9 3.2 | -20.7 -5.3 005 5 3 5.1 2.8  
26000 -18.0 -0.4 005 8 4 5.9 3.2 | -19.2 -2.6 025 7 4 5.1 2.8  
25000 -16.3 2.7 015 10 5 6.0 3.3 | -17.1 1.2 035 9 5 7.2 4.2  
24000 -14.5 5.9 020 9 5 6.1 3.3 | -15.1 4.8 030 9 5 7.0 3.9  
23000 -12.8 9.0 025 9 5 6.1 3.4 | -13.0 8.6 030 9 5 7.1 3.9  
22000 -10.9 12.4 035 9 5 7.3 4.0 | -10.9 12.4 030 9 5 7.6 4.2  
21000 -8.7 16.3 050 9 4 7.2 4.0 | -8.7 16.3 040 8 4 7.5 4.1  
20000 -6.6 20.1 065 9 5 7.2 4.0 | -6.4 20.5 045 8 4 7.5 4.1  
19500 -5.5 22.1 070 9 5 8.0 4.4 | -5.3 22.5 050 8 4 8.3 4.6  
19000 -4.3 24.3 070 10 5 8.3 4.5 | -4.0 24.8 050 8 4 8.5 4.7  
18500 -3.1 26.4 065 10 5 8.3 4.6 | -2.8 27.0 055 8 4 8.5 4.7  
18000 -1.9 28.6 060 10 5 8.3 4.6 | -1.5 29.3 055 9 4 8.8 4.8  
17500 -0.6 30.9 055 10 5 8.3 4.6 | -0.2 31.6 055 9 5 8.8 4.8  
17000 0.6 33.1 045 10 5 8.4 4.6 | 1.1 34.0 055 9 5 8.9 4.9  
16500 1.8 35.2 040 11 5 8.5 4.7 | 2.4 36.3 050 10 5 8.9 4.9  
16000 3.1 37.6 030 11 6 8.4 4.6 | 3.7 38.7 050 10 5 8.8 4.9  
15500 4.2 39.6 025 11 6 7.9 4.3 | 5.0 41.0 045 10 5 8.7 4.8  
15000 5.4 41.7 025 11 6 7.9 4.3 | 6.3 43.3 045 11 5 8.8 4.8  
14500 6.5 43.7 020 11 5 8.1 4.4 | 7.5 45.5 040 11 6 8.0 4.4  
14000 7.7 45.9 020 10 5 8.1 4.4 | 8.7 47.7 035 11 5 8.1 4.4  
13500 8.9 48.0 015 10 5 8.1 4.5 | 9.9 49.8 030 11 5 8.1 4.5  
13000 10.1 50.2 010 9 5 8.1 4.5 | 11.0 51.8 025 10 5 8.2 4.5  
12500 11.2 52.2 010 8 4 8.2 4.5 | 12.2 54.0 020 10 5 8.3 4.5  
12000 12.4 54.3 360 7 4 8.2 4.5 | 13.4 56.1 010 9 5 8.4 4.6  
11500 13.6 56.5 350 6 3 8.2 4.5 | 14.6 58.3 360 8 4 8.4 4.6  
11000 14.8 58.6 335 5 3 8.1 4.4 | 15.9 60.6 355 7 4 8.3 4.5  
10500 16.0 60.8 320 5 3 6.7 3.7 | 17.1 62.8 340 6 3 6.0 3.3  
10250 16.4 61.5 315 5 3 6.9 3.8 | 17.5 63.5 335 6 3 6.9 3.8  
10000 17.1 62.8 305 5 3 8.8 4.8 | 18.2 64.8 335 6 3 10.5 5.8  
9750 17.7 63.9 300 5 3 8.2 4.5 | 18.9 66.0 325 6 3 10.0 5.5  
9500 18.3 64.9 295 5 2 8.6 4.7 | 19.6 67.3 320 6 3 8.4 4.6  
9250 18.9 66.0 290 5 3 8.3 4.6 | 20.1 68.2 315 6 3 7.5 4.1  
9000 20.0 68.0 280 5 2 6.6 3.6 | 20.8 69.4 315 5 3 9.7 5.3  
8750 20.5 68.9 270 4 2 6.7 3.7 | 21.5 70.7 310 5 3 10.4 5.7  
8500 21.0 69.8 265 4 2 6.5 3.6 | 22.8 73.0 305 6 3 6.3 3.4  
8250 21.5 70.7 265 4 2 6.9 3.8 | 23.3 73.9 305 6 3 9.3 5.1  
8000 22.0 71.6 245 3 2 7.5 4.1 | 24.2 75.6 305 6 3 12.7 7.0  
7750 22.5 72.5 220 3 1 6.0 3.3 | 25.0 77.0 305 5 3 9.5 5.2  
7500 22.9 73.2 210 3 1 4.4 2.4 | 25.6 78.1 305 5 3 6.7 3.7  
7250 23.2 73.8 195 3 1 5.9 3.3 | 26.2 79.2 305 6 3 9.3 5.1  
7000 23.8 74.8 180 3 2 8.6 4.7 | 27.0 80.6 300 5 3 13.3 7.3  
6750 24.4 75.9 170 3 2 8.1 4.4 | 28.0 82.4 300 5 3 11.6 6.4  
6500 25.0 77.0 160 3 2 7.1 3.9 | 28.8 83.8 300 5 3 9.9 5.4  
6250 25.5 77.9 155 3 2 6.6 3.6 | 29.5 85.1 300 5 3 9.0 4.9  
6000 26.0 78.8 150 3 2 11.3 6.2 | 30.3 86.5 300 5 3 14.8 8.1  
5750 27.3 81.1 150 3 1 22.1 12.1 | 31.9 89.4 300 5 3 31.4 17.2  
5500 28.6 83.5 140 3 1 4.1 2.2 | 34.1 93.4 300 5 3 14.8 8.1  
5250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M  
5000 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M  
 
07/14/2026 AT 1500 MDT | 07/14/2026 AT 1800 MDT  
|  
CAPE... +169.4 LI... -0.6 | CAPE... +155.8 LI... -0.6  
CINH... -18.3 K INDEX... +24.1 | CINH... -33.2 K INDEX... +25.3  
|  
HEIGHT TEMPERATURE WND WNDSPD LAPSE RATE | TEMPERATURE WND WNDSPD LAPSE RATE  
FT MSL DEG C DEG F DIR KT M/S C/KM F/KFT | DEG C DEG F DIR KT M/S C/KM F/KFT  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
50000 -64.0 -83.2 180 21 11 3.0 1.6 | -63.8 -82.8 175 18 9 3.0 1.6  
45000 -56.6 -69.9 180 22 11 6.8 3.7 | -56.4 -69.5 180 21 11 6.8 3.7  
40000 -46.2 -51.2 170 16 8 7.1 3.9 | -46.1 -51.0 185 15 8 7.0 3.8  
38000 -41.9 -43.4 175 13 7 7.1 3.9 | -41.9 -43.4 190 12 6 7.0 3.8  
36000 -37.7 -35.9 180 10 5 6.9 3.8 | -37.7 -35.9 190 8 4 6.8 3.7  
34000 -33.5 -28.3 185 7 4 7.0 3.8 | -33.6 -28.5 220 6 3 6.8 3.7  
32000 -29.3 -20.7 195 4 2 6.9 3.8 | -29.5 -21.1 265 5 3 6.7 3.7  
30000 -25.3 -13.5 000 0 0 6.6 3.6 | -25.7 -14.3 315 2 1 6.3 3.5  
29000 -23.4 -10.1 360 2 1 6.6 3.6 | -23.9 -11.0 015 3 1 6.4 3.5  
28000 -21.6 -6.9 010 4 2 4.2 2.3 | -22.1 -7.8 030 4 2 5.3 2.9  
27000 -19.9 -3.8 015 5 3 4.5 2.5 | -20.1 -4.2 035 7 3 5.5 3.0  
26000 -18.6 -1.5 020 7 3 4.5 2.5 | -18.5 -1.3 035 8 4 5.5 3.0  
25000 -17.1 1.2 025 8 4 7.3 4.0 | -16.8 1.8 035 10 5 7.1 3.9  
24000 -15.0 5.0 030 9 4 7.0 3.9 | -14.8 5.4 035 11 5 7.0 3.8  
23000 -13.0 8.6 035 10 5 7.0 3.9 | -12.7 9.1 035 11 6 7.0 3.9  
22000 -10.8 12.6 040 10 5 8.1 4.5 | -10.6 12.9 030 12 6 8.2 4.5  
21000 -8.5 16.7 035 11 6 8.1 4.4 | -8.2 17.2 030 12 6 8.2 4.5  
20000 -6.1 21.0 035 11 6 8.1 4.4 | -5.8 21.6 025 12 6 8.2 4.5  
19500 -4.9 23.2 035 11 6 8.7 4.8 | -4.6 23.7 025 12 6 8.3 4.6  
19000 -3.6 25.5 035 11 6 8.9 4.9 | -3.4 25.9 025 12 6 8.4 4.6  
18500 -2.3 27.9 035 11 6 8.9 4.9 | -2.1 28.2 025 12 6 8.3 4.6  
18000 -1.0 30.2 030 11 6 8.9 4.9 | -0.8 30.6 020 11 6 9.1 5.0  
17500 0.3 32.5 030 11 5 8.9 4.9 | 0.5 32.9 020 11 6 9.1 5.0  
17000 1.6 34.9 030 10 5 9.1 5.0 | 1.9 35.4 020 11 6 9.3 5.1  
16500 2.9 37.2 030 10 5 9.1 5.0 | 3.3 37.9 020 10 5 9.5 5.2  
16000 4.3 39.7 030 9 5 9.2 5.0 | 4.7 40.5 015 10 5 9.5 5.2  
15500 5.7 42.3 030 9 5 9.4 5.2 | 6.1 43.0 015 10 5 9.4 5.2  
15000 7.1 44.8 025 9 5 9.4 5.2 | 7.5 45.5 015 9 5 9.4 5.2  
14500 8.5 47.3 025 9 4 9.4 5.1 | 8.9 48.0 010 9 4 9.3 5.1  
14000 9.8 49.6 025 9 4 9.4 5.1 | 10.2 50.4 010 8 4 9.3 5.1  
13500 11.2 52.2 025 8 4 9.5 5.2 | 11.6 52.9 005 8 4 9.5 5.2  
13000 12.6 54.7 020 8 4 9.5 5.2 | 13.1 55.6 360 7 4 9.6 5.3  
12500 14.1 57.4 020 8 4 9.4 5.2 | 14.5 58.1 355 7 4 9.5 5.2  
12000 15.4 59.7 015 8 4 9.3 5.1 | 15.9 60.6 350 7 3 9.4 5.1  
11500 16.8 62.2 015 7 4 9.0 5.0 | 17.3 63.1 345 6 3 9.0 5.0  
11000 18.1 64.6 005 6 3 8.5 4.7 | 18.5 65.3 340 7 3 8.0 4.4  
10500 19.3 66.7 355 6 3 11.0 6.0 | 19.6 67.3 335 7 3 12.5 6.8  
10250 20.3 68.5 355 6 3 11.4 6.3 | 20.8 69.4 335 6 3 13.6 7.5  
10000 20.9 69.6 345 6 3 8.2 4.5 | 21.5 70.7 330 6 3 8.2 4.5  
9750 21.6 70.9 340 5 3 9.2 5.0 | 22.2 72.0 325 6 3 10.2 5.6  
9500 22.2 72.0 330 5 3 8.5 4.7 | 22.9 73.2 325 6 3 7.6 4.2  
9250 22.8 73.0 315 5 3 8.9 4.9 | 24.1 75.4 315 7 4 10.2 5.6  
9000 24.3 75.7 310 5 3 9.7 5.3 | 24.8 76.6 315 7 4 10.3 5.6  
8750 25.0 77.0 310 6 3 9.1 5.0 | 25.6 78.1 310 7 3 9.8 5.4  
8500 25.6 78.1 305 6 3 7.8 4.3 | 26.3 79.3 310 7 4 8.0 4.4  
8250 26.2 79.2 300 6 3 9.7 5.3 | 26.8 80.2 305 8 4 8.9 4.9  
8000 27.0 80.6 300 6 3 11.9 6.5 | 27.6 81.7 305 7 4 10.6 5.8  
7750 27.9 82.2 300 6 3 10.1 5.5 | 28.3 82.9 305 7 4 9.5 5.2  
7500 28.5 83.3 295 6 3 7.6 4.2 | 29.0 84.2 300 7 4 7.5 4.1  
7250 29.1 84.4 290 6 3 9.1 5.0 | 29.5 85.1 295 8 4 8.4 4.6  
7000 29.9 85.8 290 6 3 13.1 7.2 | 30.3 86.5 295 7 4 11.6 6.3  
6750 30.9 87.6 295 6 3 11.9 6.5 | 31.2 88.2 300 7 3 11.1 6.1  
6500 31.7 89.1 290 6 3 9.9 5.4 | 31.9 89.4 295 7 4 9.8 5.4  
6250 32.4 90.3 285 6 3 9.7 5.3 | 32.7 90.9 295 7 4 9.8 5.4  
6000 33.2 91.8 285 6 3 12.0 6.6 | 33.4 92.1 295 8 4 9.0 4.9  
5750 34.5 94.1 290 6 3 25.3 13.9 | 34.1 93.4 300 6 3 12.9 7.1  
5500 37.1 98.8 280 6 3 46.1 25.3 | 35.8 96.4 290 7 3 39.5 21.7  
5250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M  
5000 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M  
________________________________________________________________________________  
 
THIS PRODUCT IS ISSUED TWICE PER DAY, ONCE BY APPROXIMATELY 0630 MST/0730 MDT  
(1330 UTC) AND AGAIN BY APPROXIMATELY 1830 MST/1930 MDT (0130 UTC). IT IS NOT  
CONTINUOUSLY MONITORED NOR UPDATED AFTER ITS INITIAL ISSUANCE.  
 
THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS BASED ON RAWINSONDE OBSERVATION AND/OR  
NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION MODEL DATA TAKEN AT WALKER FIELD IN GRAND  
JUNCTION, COLORADO AT  
 
NORTH LATITUDE: 39 DEG 07 MIN 00.001 SEC  
WEST LONGITUDE: 108 DEG 31 MIN 59.998 SEC  
ELEVATION: 4839 FEET (1475 METERS)  
 
AND MAY NOT BE REPRESENTATIVE OF OTHER AREAS ALONG THE WESTERN SLOPE OF  
COLORADO. NOTE THAT SOME ELEVATIONS IN NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION MODELS  
DIFFER FROM ACTUAL STATION ELEVATIONS, WHICH CAN LEAD TO DATA WHICH APPEAR  
TO BE BELOW GROUND. ERRONEOUS DATA SUCH AS THESE SHOULD NOT BE USED.  
 
THE CONTENT AND FORMAT OF THIS REPORT AS WELL AS THE ISSUANCE TIMES ARE SUBJECT  
TO CHANGE WITHOUT PRIOR NOTICE. COMMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS ARE WELCOME AND SHOULD  
BE DIRECTED TO ONE OF THE ADDRESSES OR PHONE NUMBERS SHOWN AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS  
PAGE. TO EXPEDITE A RESPONSE TO COMMENTS, BE SURE TO MENTION YOUR INTEREST IN  
THE SOARING FORECAST.  
 
DEFINITIONS:  
 
CAPE (CONVECTIVE AVAILABLE POTENTIAL ENERGY) - AN INTEGRATED MEASURE OF THE  
ENERGY AVAILABLE FOR CONVECTIVE DEVELOPMENT, ALSO KNOWN AS THE POSITIVE  
AREA ON A THERMODYNAMIC DIAGRAM. UNITS ARE JOULES PER KILOGRAM. LARGER  
VALUES ARE INDICATIVE OF GREATER INSTABILITY AND THE POSSIBILITY OF  
STRONGER CONVECTIVE ACTIVITY, INCLUDING THUNDERSTORMS. VALUES AROUND OR  
GREATER THAN 1000 SUGGEST THE POSSIBILITY OF SEVERE WEATHER SHOULD  
CONVECTIVE ACTIVITY DEVELOP.  
 
CINH (CONVECTIVE INHIBITION) - AN INTEGRATED MEASURE OF THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY  
NEEDED TO INITIATE CONVECTIVE ACTIVITY, ALSO KNOWN AS THE NEGATIVE AREA ON  
A THERMODYNAMIC DIAGRAM. UNITS ARE JOULES PER KILOGRAM. THE MORE NEGATIVE  
THIS NUMBER, THE MORE ENERGY IS REQUIRED TO INITIATE CONVECTION. THIS  
INHIBITIVE ENERGY CAN BE OVERCOME THROUGH SURFACE HEATING, COOLING ALOFT,  
LIFTING MECHANISMS (OROGRAPHIC, FRONTAL, GRAVITY WAVES, ETC.)  
 
CONVECTIVE CONDENSATION LEVEL - THE HEIGHT TO WHICH AN AIR PARCEL POSSESSING THE  
AVERAGE SATURATION MIXING RATIO IN THE LOWEST 4000 FEET OF THE AIRMASS,  
IF HEATED SUFFICIENTLY FROM BELOW, WILL RISE DRY ADIABATICALLY UNTIL IT  
JUST BECOMES SATURATED. IT ESTIMATES THE BASE OF CUMULUS CLOUDS THAT ARE  
PRODUCED BY SURFACE HEATING ONLY.  
 
CONVECTION TEMPERATURE (CONVECTIONT) - THE SURFACE TEMPERATURE REQUIRED TO MAKE  
THE AIRMASS DRY ADIABATIC UP TO THE GIVEN LEVEL. IT CAN BE CONSIDERED A  
"TRIGGER TEMPERATURE" FOR THAT LEVEL.  
 
FREEZING LEVEL - THE HEIGHT WHERE THE TEMPERATURE IS ZERO DEGREES CELSIUS.  
 
HEIGHT OF STABLE LAYER - THE HEIGHT (BETWEEN 12,000 AND 18,000 FEET ABOVE  
MEAN SEA LEVEL) WHERE THE SMALLEST LAPSE RATE EXISTS. THE LOCATION AND  
EXISTENCE OF THIS FEATURE IS IMPORTANT IN THE GENERATION OF MOUNTAIN  
WAVES.  
 
K INDEX - A MEASURE OF STABILITY WHICH COMBINES THE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE  
BETWEEN APPROXIMATELY 5,000 AND 18,000 FEET ABOVE THE SURFACE, THE AMOUNT  
OF MOISTURE AT APPROXIMATELY 5,000 FEET ABOVE THE SURFACE, AND A MEASURE  
OF THE DRYNESS AT APPROXIMATELY 10,000 FEET ABOVE THE SURFACE. LARGER  
POSITIVE NUMBERS INDICATE MORE INSTABILITY AND A GREATER LIKELIHOOD OF  
THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT. ONE INTERPRETATION OF K INDEX VALUES REGARDING  
SOARING IN THE WESTERN UNITED STATES IS GIVEN IN WMO TECHNICAL NOTE 158  
AND IS REPRODUCED IN THE FOLLOWING TABLE:  
 
BELOW -10 NO OR WEAK THERMALS  
-10 TO 5 DRY THERMALS OR 1/8 CUMULUS WITH MODERATE THERMALS  
5 TO 15 GOOD SOARING CONDITIONS  
15 TO 20 GOOD SOARING CONDITIONS WITH OCCASIONAL SHOWERS  
20 TO 30 EXCELLENT SOARING CONDITIONS, BUT INCREASING  
PROBABILITY OF SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS  
ABOVE 30 MORE THAN 60 PERCENT PROBABILITY OF THUNDERSTORMS  
 
LAPSE RATE - THE CHANGE WITH HEIGHT OF THE TEMPERATURE. NEGATIVE VALUES INDICATE  
INVERSIONS.  
 
LIFTED CONDENSATION LEVEL - THE HEIGHT TO WHICH AN AIR PARCEL POSSESSING THE  
AVERAGE DEW POINT IN THE LOWEST 4000 FEET OF THE AIRMASS AND THE FORECAST  
MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE MUST BE LIFTED DRY ADIABATICALLY TO ATTAIN SATURATION.  
 
LIFTED INDEX (LI) - THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE AT A  
LEVEL APPROXIMATELY 18,000 FEET ABOVE THE SURFACE AND THE TEMPERATURE OF  
AN AIR PARCEL LIFTED DRY ADIABATICALLY FROM THE SURFACE TO ITS LIFTED  
CONDENSATION LEVEL AND THEN PSEUDOADIABATICALLY THEREAFTER TO THIS SAME  
LEVEL. THE PARCEL'S INITIAL TEMPERATURE IS THE FORECAST MAXIMUM  
TEMPERATURE AND ITS DEW POINT IS THE AVERAGE DEW POINT IN THE LOWEST 4000  
FEET OF THE AIRMASS. NEGATIVE VALUES ARE INDICATIVE OF INSTABILITY WITH  
POSITIVE VALUES SHOWING STABLE CONDITIONS.  
 
LIFT RATE - AN EXPERIMENTAL ESTIMATE OF THE STRENGTH OF THERMALS. IT IS  
COMPUTED THE SAME WAY AS THE MAXIMUM RATE OF LIFT BUT USES THE ACTUAL  
LEVEL RATHER THAN THE MAXIMUM HEIGHT OF THERMALS IN THE CALCULATION.  
ALSO, NONE OF THE EMPIRICAL ADJUSTMENTS BASED ON CLOUDINESS AND K-INDEX  
ARE APPLIED TO THESE CALCULATIONS.  
 
MAXIMUM HEIGHT OF THERMALS - THE HEIGHT WHERE THE DRY ADIABAT THROUGH THE  
FORECAST MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE INTERSECTS THE ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE.  
 
MAXIMUM RATE OF LIFT - AN ESTIMATE OF THE MAXIMUM STRENGTH OF THERMALS. IT  
IS COMPUTED FROM AN EMPIRICAL FORMULA WHICH COMBINES THE EXPECTED MAXIMUM  
HEIGHT OF THERMALS WITH THE DIFFERENCE IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURES  
BETWEEN THE MAXIMUM HEIGHT OF THERMALS AND THE TEMPERATURE 4,000 FEET  
ABOVE THE GROUND. AFTER THIS COMPUTATION, FURTHER EMPIRICAL ADJUSTMENTS  
ARE MADE BASED ON THE VALUE OF THE K-INDEX AND THE AMOUNT AND OPACITY OF  
MIDDLE AND HIGH LEVEL CLOUDINESS EXPECTED BETWEEN THE TIME OF TRIGGER  
TEMPERATURE AND THE TIME OF OVERDEVELOPMENT.  
 
MIDDLE/HIGH CLOUDS - THE AMOUNT AND OPACITY OF MIDDLE (ALTOSTRATUS, ALTOCUMULUS)  
OR HIGH (CIRRUS, CIRROSTRATUS, CIRROCUMULUS) CLOUDS. BROKEN MEANS THAT  
BETWEEN 60% AND 90% OF THE SKY IS COVERED BY THE CLOUD, WITH OVERCAST  
CONDITIONS OCCURRING WHEN MORE THAN 90% OF THE SKY IS COVERED BY THE CLOUD.  
THIN IMPLIES THAT THE CLOUDS ARE PREDOMINANTLY TRANSPARENT, MEANING THAT  
SOME SUNLIGHT IS REACHING THE GROUND, IN CONTRAST TO OPAQUE WHICH SUGGESTS  
THAT LITTLE SUNLIGHT IS REACHING THE GROUND.  
 
POTENTIAL HEIGHT OF WAVE - THE MINIMUM OF THE FOLLOWING TWO HEIGHTS:  
1. LEVEL ABOVE THE HEIGHT OF STABLE LAYER (OR 14,000 FEET IF NONE EXISTS)  
WHERE THE WIND DIRECTION CHANGES BY 30 DEGREES OR MORE  
2. LEVEL ABOVE THE HEIGHT OF STABLE LAYER (OR 14,000 FEET IF NONE EXISTS)  
WHERE THE WIND SPEED NO LONGER INCREASES WITH HEIGHT  
 
PVA/NVA - POSITIVE VORTICITY ADVECTION (PVA)/NEGATIVE VORTICITY ADVECTION (NVA)  
ON THE 500 MILLIBAR ISOBARIC SURFACE (APPROXIMATELY 18,000 FEET ABOVE MEAN  
SEA LEVEL). WEAK PVA HAS BEEN SHOWN TO ASSIST IN MOUNTAIN WAVE SOARING.  
 
SOARING WINDOW - THE TIME BETWEEN THE TIME THE TRIGGER TEMPERATURE IS REACHED  
AND THE TIME OF OVERDEVELOPMENT.  
 
THERMAL INDEX - THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE AND THE  
TEMPERATURE AT A PARTICULAR LEVEL DETERMINED BY FOLLOWING THE DRY ADIABAT  
THROUGH THE FORECAST MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE UP TO THAT LEVEL. NEGATIVE VALUES  
ARE INDICATIVE OF THERMAL LIFT.  
 
THERMAL SOARING INDEX - AN ADJECTIVE RATING (FOR SAILPLANES) BASED ON THE  
COMPUTED MAXIMUM RATE OF LIFT, AND THE WIND SPEED AND MIDDLE AND HIGH  
CLOUD COVER EXPECTED DURING THE SOARING WINDOW (THE TIME OF THE TRIGGER  
TEMPERATURE AND THE TIME OF OVERDEVELOPMENT) ACCORDING TO THE FOLLOWING:  
 
MAXIMUM RATE OF LIFT ADJECTIVE RATING  
>= 800 FPM EXCELLENT  
>= 400 AND < 800 FPM GOOD  
>= 200 AND < 400 FPM FAIR  
< 200 FPM POOR  
 
TIME OF OVERDEVELOPMENT - THE TIME ONE OR MORE OF THE FOLLOWING PHENOMENA,  
WHICH ESSENTIALLY SHUT OFF THERMAL LIFT, IS EXPECTED TO OCCUR:  
1. FORMATION OF BROKEN TO OVERCAST CONVECTIVE CLOUD COVER  
2. FORMATION OF SCATTERED TO NUMEROUS DOWNBURSTS  
3. INITIATION OF WIDESPREAD PRECIPITATION  
 
TIME OF TRIGGER TEMPERATURE - THE TIME THE SURFACE TEMPERATURE IS EXPECTED TO  
REACH THE TRIGGER TEMPERATURE.  
 
TRIGGER TEMPERATURE - THE SURFACE TEMPERATURE REQUIRED TO MAKE THE FIRST 4000  
FEET OF THE ATMOSPHERE DRY ADIABATIC.  
 
WAVE SOARING INDEX - AN EMPIRICAL, ADJECTIVE RATING (FOR SAILPLANES) WHICH  
ATTEMPTS TO COMBINE A VARIETY OF PHENOMENA IMPORTANT IN MOUNTAIN WAVE  
SOARING INTO A SINGLE INDEX NUMBER. OBJECTIVE POINTS ARE ASSIGNED TO  
THESE PHENOMENA: WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION AT 14,000 FT MSL, THE STATIC  
STABILITY IN THE 12,000-18,000 FT MSL LAYER, THE WIND SPEED GRADIENT ABOVE  
THE STABLE LAYER, JET STREAM LOCATION AND FRONTAL AND UPPER TROUGH  
MOVEMENTS.  
 
042613  
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