561  
FXUS63 KARX 140541  
AFDARX  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LA CROSSE WI  
1241 AM CDT WED MAY 14 2025  
   
KEY MESSAGES  
 
- ISOLATED SHOWERS AND STORMS POSSIBLE (15-30%) THIS AFTERNOON  
AND AGAIN WEDNESDAY, MAINLY EAST OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.  
 
- STRONG TO SEVERE WEATHER CONTINUES TO APPEAR POSSIBLE  
THURSDAY. CONFIDENCE IN EXACT LOCATION AND TIMING REMAINS LOW,  
BUT LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS WINDS APPEAR POSSIBLE.  
 
 
   
DISCUSSION  
 
ISSUED AT 149 PM CDT TUE MAY 13 2025  
 
ISOLATED SHOWERS AND STORMS THIS AFTERNOON AND WEDNESDAY  
 
WITH THE DEPARTING AREA OF LOW PRESSURE CURRENTLY OVER TENNESSEE,  
EVIDENT IN WATER VAPOR IMAGERY, VARIOUS SHORTWAVES GET FLUNG  
NORTHWESTWARD INTO THE GREAT LAKES REGION TODAY AND WEDNESDAY. WHILE  
NOT OVERLY IMPRESSIVE WITH REGARDS TO AMPLITUDE/MAGNITUDE, THESE  
SHORTWAVES COMBINED WITH INCREASING LOW LEVEL MOISTURE AND DIURNAL  
HEATING SHOULD PROVE ENOUGH FOR ISOLATED SHOWER AND STORM  
DEVELOPMENT DURING THE AFTERNOONS, MAINLY EAST OF THE MISSISSIPPI  
RIVER, BUT AREAS WEST MAY STILL SEE SOME PRECIPITATION. ANYTHING  
THAT DOES DEVELOP IS EXPECTED TO REMAIN WEAK AS SKINNY CAPE PROFILES  
AND WEAK 0-6KM BULK SHEAR GENERALLY 10KTS OR LESS CONTINUE TO BE  
DEPICTED IN THE MODEL SOLUTIONS. EXPECTING A BROAD AREA OF 15-30%  
PROBABILITIES OF PRECIPITATION EACH AFTERNOON.  
 
STRONG TO SEVERE WEATHER THURSDAY  
 
UNFORTUNATELY, NOT MUCH LIGHT HAS BEEN SHED ON THURSDAY'S FORECAST  
TODAY. WHILE CONSENSUS REMAINS SURROUNDING AN UPPER LEVEL SHORTWAVE  
TROUGH CURRENTLY OVER THE WESTERN UNITED STATES EJECTING INTO THE  
GREAT PLAINS AND TAKING ON A NEGATIVE TILT WHILE CYCLOGENESIS OCCURS  
AT THE SURFACE IN RESPONSE, GLOBAL DETERMINISTIC MODELS  
(GFS/ECMWF/CANADIAN) AND THEIR ENSEMBLE COUNTERPARTS CONTINUE  
TO VARY IN THEIR SOLUTIONS REGARDING SAID TROUGH AND ASSOCIATED  
SURFACE CYCLOGENESIS.  
 
SYNOPTICALLY, THURSDAY'S ENVIRONMENT LOOKS TO BE FAVORABLE FOR  
STRONG TO SEVERE WEATHER ACROSS AT LEAST A PORTION OF OUR AREA.  
WISCONSIN WILL BE SITUATED IN THE LEFT EXIT REGION OF A 250HPA JET  
STREAK WITH STRENGTHENING WINDS IN THE VERTICAL, COOLING  
TEMPERATURES ALOFT ALLOWING FOR STEEPENING MID-LEVEL LAPSE RATES OF  
7.5-8 C/KM, AND SURFACE MOISTURE ADVECTION INCREASING DEWPOINTS INTO  
THE LOW TO MID 60S. THE 13.00Z LREF SUGGESTS CAPE VALUES OF AROUND  
2000 J/KG AND 0-6KM BULK WIND SHEAR OF 40-50KTS, WHICH WOULD SUPPORT  
STRONG UPDRAFTS. HOWEVER, THE ORIENTATION OF SAID SHEAR TO THE  
SURFACE COLD FRONT WILL ULTIMATELY DETERMINE THE STORM MODE THAT IS  
REALIZED WITH THIS EVENT. THE 13.00Z LREF SUGGESTS A PARALLEL  
ORIENTATION TO THE COLD FRONT INDICATIVE OF UPSCALE GROWTH AND AND A  
LINEAR CONVECTIVE MODE. HOWEVER, THE 13.12Z OPERATIONAL NAM REMAINS  
OPTIMISTIC OF A MORE PERPENDICULAR SHEAR VECTOR INDICATIVE OF A  
DISCRETE STORM MODE. GIVEN AMPLE CAPE, STRONG SHEAR, AND A LOW WBZ  
HEIGHT, LARGE HAIL APPEARS TO BE A FAVORED HAZARD WITH THIS EVENT.  
SIMILARLY, WITH THE ADDITION OF DRY MID TO UPPER LEVEL AIR ALLOWING  
FOR DCAPE IN EXCESS OF 1000 J/KG, DAMAGING WINDS ARE ALSO A  
FAVORABLE HAZARD.  
 
ONE OF THE LIMITING FACTORS TO THIS EVENT IS VARIATIONS AMONGST THE  
MODELS IN REGARD TO TIMING OF THE SURFACE COLD FRONT. THE 13.06Z  
GEFS/GEPS REMAIN THE FASTER SOLUTIONS, BRINGING THE SURFACE COLD  
FRONT THROUGH THE AREA EARLIER IN THE DAY, GENERALLY BY EARLY  
AFTERNOON WHEREAS THE 13.06Z EPS BRINGS THE COLD FRONT THROUGH THE  
AREA LATER IN THE AFTERNOON AND INTO THE EVENING HOURS. THE  
IMPLICATIONS BEING THAT THE 13.06Z EPS ALLOWS FOR THE MAJORITY OF  
OUR AREA TO SEE STRONG TO SEVERE WEATHER WHEREAS THE 13.06Z  
GEFS/GEPS SUGGESTS AREAS EAST OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER WOULD BE  
FAVORED. THESE VARIATIONS HAVE PLAGUED THE FORECAST OVER THE PAST  
SEVERAL RUNS.  
 
ANOTHER LIMITING FACTOR IS THE POSSIBILITY OF A 700-900HPA WARM  
NOSE IN PLACE, CAPPING THE SURFACE ENVIRONMENT FROM THE MID AND  
UPPER LEVEL ENVIRONMENT. IF THIS CAP IS REALIZED, LITTLE IN THE  
WAY OF CONVECTION WOULD DEVELOP DESPITE THE FAVORABLE SYNOPTIC  
ENVIRONMENT. RECENT MODEL SOUNDINGS HAVE ATTEMPTED TO ERODE THIS  
FEATURE, THOUGH WOULD LIKE TO SEE A MORE STABLE TREND ONE WAY  
OR THE OTHER.  
 
ALL SAID, LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS APPEAR THE MOST LIKELY  
HAZARDS WITH STORMS THAT DEVELOP THURSDAY. THE RISK OF TORNADOES IS  
DEPENDENT ON THE SHEAR ORIENTATION AND ULTIMATE STORM MODE THAT IS  
REALIZED, BUT IT IS DIFFICULT TO RULE THEM OUT COMPLETELY AT  
THE MOMENT.  
 
 
   
AVIATION /06Z TAFS THROUGH 06Z THURSDAY/  
 
ISSUED AT 1216 AM CDT WED MAY 14 2025  
 
METAR OBSERVATIONS AND SATELLITE IMAGERY AT 14.06Z TAF ISSUANCE  
SHOW A LONE AREA OF OVC VFR CLOUDS FROM NORTHEAST IOWA THROUGH  
WEST-CENTRAL WISCONSIN. A VERY SLOW WESTERLY WHILE WEAKENING  
PROGRESSION HAS BEEN WITNESSED OVER THE LAST FEW HOURS. HOWEVER,  
AS OF 14.0545Z, SOME QUICK POP UP PRECIPITATION CAN BE SEEN  
OVER HOUSTON INTO ALLAMAKEE COUNTY ON RADAR IMAGERY. DO NOT  
EXPECT THIS TO SPREAD OR PERSIST.  
 
SIMILAR CONDITIONS EXPECTED FOR WEDNESDAY AS TUESDAY. DAYTIME  
CUMULUS REACH FARTHER HEIGHTS IN SPOTS PROVIDING SPORADIC  
PRECIPITATION. CANNOT RULE OUT ISOLATED THUNDER CHANCES WHERE  
THESE SCATTERED STORMS DO MANAGE TO CONTINUE RISING WITH  
LIMITED INSTABILITY. RELATIVELY HIGHER, ALBEIT LOW, CHANCES  
PRIMARILY RESIDE ALONG AND EAST OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND  
INTO CENTRAL WISCONSIN. THEREFORE, HAVE ACCOUNTED FOR TSRA AT  
KLSE TAF WITH PROB30 WHILE SMALLER AIRPORTS IN CENTRAL WISCONSIN  
(E.G., KMDZ) WILL BE MORE SUSCEPTIBLE TO STORMS.  
 
 
   
ARX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES  
 
WI...NONE.  
MN...NONE.  
IA...NONE.  
 
 
 
 
 
DISCUSSION...FALKINHAM  
AVIATION...JAR  
CLICK HERE TO GO TO PREVIOUS BULLETINS.
The Nexlab WI Page
The Nexlab IA Page
The Nexlab MN Page
Main Text Page