642  
FXUS63 KARX 171006  
AFDARX  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LA CROSSE WI  
500 AM CDT TUE JUN 17 2025  
   
KEY MESSAGES  
 
- MODERATE CONFIDENCE FOR STORMS, SOME STRONG TO SEVERE, PRIMARILY  
AFFECTING LOCALLY SOUTHERN COUNTIES IN NORTHEAST IOWA AND  
SOUTHWEST WISCONSIN LATER THIS AFTERNOON INTO TONIGHT.  
 
- LOW CONFIDENCE IN SCATTERED STORM POTENTIAL THIS AFTERNOON  
THROUGH EVENING AND NORTHERN EXTENT OF PRECIPITATION AND/OR  
STORMS INTO TONIGHT.  
 
- HEAVY RAIN WITH POTENTIAL STORMS PRIMARILY AFFECT NORTHEAST  
IOWA AND SOUTHWEST WISCONSIN THROUGH OVERNIGHT THROUGH  
WEDNESDAY.  
 
- STORMS PRIMARILY IMPACT NORTH OF INTERSTATE 90 THURSDAY  
EVENING THROUGH FRIDAY NIGHT.  
 
- ANOMALOUSLY WARM WEEKEND ON TAP WITH TEMPERATURES 10 DEGREES  
ABOVE NORMAL LIKELY.  
 
 
   
DISCUSSION  
 
ISSUED AT 242 AM CDT TUE JUN 17 2025  
 
THE UPPER LEVEL WAVE RESPONSIBLE FOR MONDAY'S STORMS CAN BE SEEN  
LIFTING NORTHEAST ON UPPER LEVEL WATER VAPOR IMAGERY EARLY THIS  
MORNING WITH A LONGER WAVE TROUGH EXTENDING INTO THE CENTRAL PLAINS  
AND A MINUTE WAVE EMBEDDED OVER NORTH DAKOTA. THE QUICK DEPARTURE  
TO YESTERDAY'S WEAK WAVE HAS ONCE AGAIN STRANDED THE EVERLASTING  
BOUNDARY NEAR/ACROSS THE FORECAST AREA EARLY THIS MORNING.  
 
SYNOPTIC SETUP FOR TODAY:  
 
THE OVERALL STORY REMAINS QUITE REPETITIVE WITH PREVIOUS  
QUESTIONS SURROUNDING POTENTIAL MESOSCALE INFLUENCES ABOUND.  
WEAKENING SYNOPTIC FLOW WILL LIFT NORTHEAST THROUGH THE MORNING  
HOURS, SPAWNING CONVECTION OVER THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER  
VALLEY. AS HAS BEEN THE CASE, EXACT LOCATION OF FRONTAL BOUNDARY  
WILL DETERMINE NORTHERN EXTENT OF STORMS AND ACCOMPANYING  
PRECIPITATION AND STORMS LOCALLY. MOST RECENT HIGH RESOLUTION  
MODEL FORECASTS SUGGEST BURBLING INITIALLY ALONG THE ZONALLY  
ORIENTED BOUNDARY TO THE NORTH QUICKLY FOLLOWED BY SCATTERED  
STORMS BUILDING SOUTH IN THE WARM SECTOR. AN OVERALL LACK OF  
FORCING WILL KEEP STORMS RELATIVELY SCATTERED INITIALLY, DRIVEN  
BY -250 J/KG SBCIN AND 1500+ J/KG SBCAPE IN ALL HIGH RESOLUTION  
MODEL GUIDANCE.  
 
AS PREVIOUSLY HINTED AT, NORTHERN LOCATION OF STORMS AND  
PRECIPITATION REMAINS THE MOST UNKNOWN FORECAST DETAIL. WHILE MODEL  
GUIDANCE HAS REMAINED ADAMANT THAT STORMS WILL PRIMARILY AFFECT  
THE SOUTHERN HALF OF THE FORECAST AREA FROM NORTHEAST IOWA INTO  
SOUTHWEST WISCONSIN, ADDITIONAL FORCING FROM STRENGTHENED CYCLOGENESIS  
ALONG THE SOUTHWEST-NORTHEAST ORIENTED BOUNDARY SUPPLEMENTED BY  
AGEOSTROPHIC ASCENT MORE ALIGNED TO THE FORECAST AREA COULD PUSH  
PRECIPITATION AND STORM IMPACTS PUSH FARTHER NORTH. REGARDLESS,  
AS STORMS PUSH NORTH INTO THE BOUNDARY EXPECT RAPID WEAKENING  
WITHIN THE STABLE AIRMASS.  
 
STORM TIMING & EVOLUTION TODAY:  
 
EXPECT STORM COVERAGE TO FILL IN SHORTLY AFTER ONSET WITHIN THE WARM  
SECTOR GIVEN A QUITE UNSTABLE AIRMASS. HIGHER SHEAR VALUES REMAIN  
NORTH OF THE FRONTAL BOUNDARY WITH 80% PROBABILITIES FOR 30+KT 0-6KM  
SHEAR IN HREF MEMBERS SOUTH OF THE FRONTAL BOUNDARY PRIMARILY  
DUE TO A PASSING MID LEVEL JET STREAK. STORMS LIKELY WILL BE  
RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR OWN INCREASED SHEAR FROM THEIR  
ACCOMPANYING OUTFLOWS. AS PREVIOUSLY MENTIONED, CONFIDENCE FOR  
STRONG TO SEVERE STORMS LOCALLY REMAINS IN THE SOUTHERN HALF OF  
THE FORECAST AREA. DAMAGING WIND WILL BE THE MAIN CONCERN, SEEN  
IN NORTHEAST TRENDS FOR MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS OVER THE  
LAST FEW RUNS. HOWEVER, MOST RECENT HRRR (17.00Z) NEURAL  
NETWORK ONLY PAINTS A 5-10% PROBABILITY GRAZING OUR SOUTHERN  
PERIPHERAL COUNTIES.  
 
PRECIPITATION & STORM CHANCES OVERNIGHT THROUGH WEDNESDAY:  
 
SYNOPTIC FORCING EVENTUALLY GETS IT'S ACT TOGETHER OVERNIGHT THROUGH  
WEDNESDAY PROVIDING AMPLE FORCING TO FINALLY SHUNT THE EVERLASTING  
FRONT AND ACCOMPANYING SURFACE LOW EAST. FORTUNATELY CONFIDENCE  
IN FRONTAL LOCATION KEEPS HIGHER SEVERE STORM CHANCES FARTHER  
SOUTHEAST ALTHOUGH HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS CAN'T BE RULED OUT  
WITH THE STRENGTHENING LOW PRESSURE. HEAVY RAIN WILL BE THE MAIN  
CONCERN AS CURRENT CONFIDENCE PLACES THE FRONTAL BOUNDARY  
ACROSS THE SOUTHERN PERIPHERY OF THE FORECAST AREA AND A SPREAD  
IN PWATS FROM 1" TO 1.75" IN HREF MEMBERS. RESULTANT RAINFALL  
AMOUNTS VARY IN BANDS FROM 0.5" TO 1.5". SUBSEQUENT FORECAST  
DETAIL TO IRON OUT.  
 
STORM CHANCES THURSDAY:  
 
A SHORT REPRIEVE IN STORM CHANCES OVERNIGHT WEDNESDAY INTO THURSDAY  
CEASES THURSDAY AFTERNOON AS TROUGH SLIDES/DIGS THROUGH THE NORTHERN  
PLAINS INTO THE GREAT LAKES. ACCOMPANYING COLD FRONT SAGS SOUTHWEST  
FROM THE GREAT LAKES. CLUSTER ANALYSIS SHOWS A CORRIDOR OF AGREEMENT  
FOR INSTABILITY AND SHEAR ACROSS THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER  
VALLEY PRE COLD FRONT. BEST FORCING WILL REMAIN TIED TO THE  
AFOREMENTIONED SYNOPTIC FORCING TO THE NORTH, ALIGNING WITH NBM  
POPS. PRIMARY CONCERN WOULD BE LARGE HAIL BASED ON QUITE  
ELONGATED DETERMINISTIC GFS HODOGRAPHS ALTHOUGH ENSEMBLE  
HODOGRAPH PLUMES EXHIBIT LITTLE AGREEMENT.  
 
STORM CHANCES FRIDAY & FRIDAY NIGHT:  
 
A SUBSEQUENT RAPID RISE IN UPPER LEVEL HEIGHTS (LREF) USHERS IN  
STRONG RETURN FLOW OVERNIGHT THURSDAY THROUGH FRIDAY WITH 75% OF  
LREF MEMBERS IN AGREEMENT FOR A NOSE OF INCREASED LOW-LEVEL THETA-E  
ADVECTING THROUGH WEST-CENTRAL WISCONSIN. ACCOMPANYING JOINT  
PROBABILITIES FOR CAPE, CIN, & SHEAR REACH 40-60% OVER VARYING NARROW  
CORRIDORS OF THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER VALLEY IN THE EPS AND  
GEPS WHILE STAYING <10% FOR THE GEFS. THE VARYING LOCATION IN  
AGREEMENT AND THE LACK OF AGREEMENT LEAVES MUCH TO DESIRE IN  
THE WAY OF CONFIDENCE IN IMPACTS AT THE CURRENT FORECAST HOUR.  
 
WARM WEEKEND INTO NEXT WEEK:  
 
A RAPID INCREASE OF UPPER LEVEL HEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED STRONG  
LOW LEVEL RETURN FLOW IN LREF CLUSTER ANALYSIS THURSDAY NIGHT  
THROUGH FRIDAY RESULTS IN ANOMALOUS WARMTH THROUGH THE WEEKEND.  
LREF MEMBERS SHOW AN PLUME OF 850MB TEMPERATURES 12C ABOVE  
NORMAL SPANNING FROM LEE OF THE ROCKIES THROUGH THE GREAT LAKES.  
WHILE ALL LREF MODELS (GEPS/EPS/GEFS) HAVE EXHIBITED A WARMER  
SOLUTION OVER PREVIOUS RUNS, THE GEPS SOLUTION IS 10F WARMER  
THAN THE GEFS AND EPS. ALTHOUGH THE OPPOSITE CAN BE SEEN IN  
DEWPOINT TEMPERATURES, KEEPING ALL LREF MEMBERS APPARENT  
TEMPERATURES SPREAD FROM 91 DEGREES IN THE 25TH PERCENTILE TO  
103 DEGREES IN THE 75TH PERCENTILE. SPREAD GREATLY WIDENS INTO  
EARLY NEXT WEEK. ACCOMPANYING ECMWF EXTREME FORECAST INDEX &  
SHIFT OF TAILS REACHES 0.7 TO 0.8 IN MAX TEMPS SUNDAY THROUGH  
TUESDAY AND 0.8 TO 0.9 FOR MIN TEMPS SAT NIGHT. MANY FACETS OF  
THE FORECAST AWAIT BEFORE DETERMINING EXACT TIMING AND STRENGTH  
OF SYNOPTIC BERMUDA HIGH.  
 
 
   
AVIATION /12Z TAFS THROUGH 12Z WEDNESDAY/  
 
ISSUED AT 500 AM CDT TUE JUN 17 2025  
 
MESSY WEATHER PATTERN PERSISTS WITH A MIX OF SMALL SCALE (MICRO) AND  
SYNOPTIC SCALE FEATURES THAT WILL DRIVE PCPN CHANCES/CLOUD COVERAGE  
TODAY AND TONIGHT...AND LIKELY FOR THE NEXT FEW DAYS.  
 
A SURFACE FRONT CONTINUES TO WOBBLE WEST-EAST ACROSS IA, AND COULD  
NUDGE NORTHWARD TO THE IA/MN BY LATE AFTERNOON. MOISTURE RETURN IS  
MOSTLY PARALLEL AND SOUTH OF THE FRONT. HOWEVER, A CONVECTIVELY  
ENHANCED SHORTWAVE TROUGH MOVING OUT OF NE LOOKS TO RUN UP TO THE  
FRONT - AND WITH INSTABILITY STILL POOLED INTO AND NORTH OF THE  
FRONT - LIKELY SPARK SHRA/TS. HOW WIDESPREAD AND WHEN THEY GET GOING  
ISN'T CLEAR, BUT ENOUGH FORCING MECHANISMS IN THE VICINITY TO  
CONTINUE SMALL CHANCES FOR KRST/KLSE. WILL HOLD WITH PROB30S FOR  
NOW. OVERALL SETUP CURRENTLY FAVORS THE BULK OF THE RAIN CHANCES  
SOUTH OF I-90.  
 
MOVING INTO THE OVERNIGHT, SHOWERS AND STORMS LOOK TO BECOME MORE  
WIDESPREAD AS AN UPPER LEVEL SHORTWAVE TROUGH LIFTS NORTHEAST OUT OF  
THE SOUTHERN PLAINS. MUCH OF WED IS TRENDING WET WITH IMPACTS TO  
CIGS (LIKELY MVFR) AND VSBY (FROM TIME TO TIME).  
 
 
   
ARX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES  
 
WI...NONE.  
MN...NONE.  
IA...NONE.  
 
 
 
 
 
DISCUSSION...JAR  
AVIATION...RIECK  
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