794  
FXUS63 KDMX 290722  
AFDDMX  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DES MOINES IA  
222 AM CDT SUN JUN 29 2025  
   
KEY MESSAGES
 
 
- STORMS MOVING INTO NORTHERN AND WESTERN IOWA THIS MORNING MAY  
PLAY A ROLE IN HOW STORM CHANCES (CURRENTLY 40-60%) AND  
HAZARDS EVOLVE LATER TODAY INTO TONIGHT. FOR NOW, AT LEAST A  
FEW STORMS MAY BE CAPABLE OF DAMAGING WIND GUSTS AND EFFICIENT  
RAINFALL.  
 
- 20% CHANCE OF STORMS MONDAY AFTERNOON ALONG WITH A COOLER  
AIRMASS.  
 
- MORE STORM CHANCES (20-40%) AND SEASONALLY WARM TEMPERATURES  
(SIMILAR TO TODAY) RETURN FOR WEDNESDAY INTO THE HOLIDAY WEEK  
(NOT WASHOUTS).  
 

 
   
UPDATE
 
 
ISSUED AT 222 AM CDT SUN JUN 29 2025  
 
REGIONAL RADAR IS QUITE ACTIVE TO THE NORTH AND NORTHWEST OF THE  
STATE EARLY THIS MORNING SHOWING A MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS  
(MCS) OVER MINNESOTA WITH SEVERAL CONVECTIVE CLUSTERS OVER SOUTH  
DAKOTA INTO NORTHERN NEBRASKA. THE MCS HAS AN EAST-WEST LINE OF  
STORMS THAT HAS REACHED NORTHWEST IOWA. THE STORMS IN THE  
YANKTON VICINITY ARE ALONG THE COLD FRONT. THIS AS WELL AS THE  
MCS ARE BEING FUELED BY A 30 KNOT, 850MB LOW LEVEL JET THAT  
COMES UP OVER NEBRASKA AND THEN VEERS INTO SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA.  
CONVECTIVE ALLOWING MODELS (CAMS) HAVE A DECENT HANDLE ON THE  
MINNESOTA MCS AND THAT EAST-WEST LINE. MEANWHILE, CAMS ARE  
STRUGGLING WITH THE SOUTHEASTERN SOUTH DAKOTA CONVECTION, BUT  
TIMING THIS OUT IT WILL REACH OUR NORTHWESTERN SERVICE AREA  
LIKELY AROUND 5AM. THE EXPECTATION IS THAT THESE STORMS WILL  
NOT BE SEVERE GIVEN THEY ARE ALREADY OUT OF BALANCE WITH THE  
OUTFLOW SURGING OUT AHEAD AND THEY ARE MOVING INTO AN  
ENVIRONMENT WITH LESS FAVORABLE SHEAR.  
 
ALL OF THIS STORM ACTIVITY AND THEIR EVOLUTION INTO IOWA HAS SENT  
CONFIDENCE IN REVERSE WITH MORE UNCERTAINTY. ONE CLUSTER OF STORMS  
WE HAVE NOT DISCUSSED IS FARTHER WEST OVER SOUTH CENTRAL SOUTH  
DAKOTA. MANY OF THE RECENT CAMS RUNS THIS EVENING HAVE THESE STORMS  
DECAYING AS THEY REACH OR MOVE INTO WESTERN IOWA LATER THIS MORNING  
AND THIS MAY LEAVE BEHIND SOME SORT OF RESIDUAL BOUNDARY. IN THIS  
SCENARIO, THERE WOULD BE LESS CLOUD COVER AND THUS A HIGHER DEGREE  
OF INSTABILITY. IF AND WHATEVER RESIDUAL BOUNDARY IS AROUND MAY PLAY  
A ROLE IN WHERE CONVECTION DEVELOPS, BUT THE COLD FRONT WOULD  
BE THE MAIN FOCUS FOR CONVECTION. THE ENVIRONMENT IN THIS CASE  
WOULD FEATURE STRONG INSTABILITY BOTH OVERALL AND LOW LEVEL AND  
STEEP LAPSE RATES SUPPORTIVE FOR STORM GROWTH. THIS WOULD POINT  
TO SOME INITIAL UPDRAFTS THAT COULD SUPPORT 1" SEVERE HAIL.  
HOWEVER, STORM ORGANIZATION REMAINS LACK LUSTER UNTIL NEAR AND  
BEHIND THE COLD FRONT. OF COURSE, THIS COULD BE LOCALLY  
INCREASED BY THE LEFTOVER BOUNDARY. MID-LEVEL DRY AIR WOULD  
CONTRIBUTE TO LARGE DOWNDRAFT CAPE VALUES AROUND OR A BIT OVER  
1000 J/KG AND THUS STRONG DOWNDRAFT WINDS WOULD BE THE CONCERN  
AS STORM CORES WEAKEN. DEPENDING ON WHERE THE STORMS FORM,  
FUNNEL CLOUDS CANNOT BE RULED OUT GIVEN THE STRONG LOW LEVEL  
INSTABILITY AND WEAK SHEAR, BUT TORNADOES REMAIN UNLIKELY IN  
THIS ENVIRONMENT.  
 
NOW, THE ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION TO THE CONVECTION OVER SOUTH CENTRAL  
SOUTH DAKOTA ARE THAT A FEW CAMS SUCH AS THE 12Z AND 0Z HRRR  
AND THE 0Z RRFS HAVE THIS CLUSTER SURVIVING INTO IOWA WITH SOME  
POTENTIAL GUSTY WINDS, THOUGH TO WHAT DEGREE REMAINS TO BE SEEN  
IF AT ALL. IF THIS LATTER SOLUTION PLAYS OUT WITH CONVECTION  
AND CLOUD DEBRIS MOVING THROUGH THE STATE, THERE WOULD BE LOWER  
INSTABILITY AND THE COVERAGE OF STORMS AND THEIR INTENSITY MAY  
BE LESS THAN CURRENTLY FORECAST.  
 
AS WAS THE CASE YESTERDAY, HEAVY RAINFALL PARAMETER SPACE IS  
FAVORABLE GIVEN DEEP WARM CLOUD DEPTHS, HIGH PRECIPITABLE WATER  
VALUES NEARING 2 INCHES, AND SLOW MEAN FLOW AROUND 10 TO 15 KNOTS.  
DETERMINISTIC AND HREF FORECASTS SHOW GENERALLY 1 TO 2 INCHES WITH  
ISOLATED AMOUNTS OVER 3 INCHES STILL ON TRACK. WHILE SOIL MOISTURE  
CAPACITY DID INCREASE YESTERDAY, NORTHERN IOWA IS STILL ABOVE  
THE 70TH PERCENTILE. SO, STORMS WITH THESE RAINFALL AMOUNTS MAY  
BREACH FLASH FLOOD GUIDANCE, BUT GIVEN WE ARE IN PEAK  
AGRICULTURE GROWTH, FLASH FLOODING CONCERNS MAY BE MORE  
RELEGATED TO IF ONE OF THESE BULLSEYE AMOUNTS LAND OVER AN URBAN  
CENTER. EVEN THEN AND IN AGREEMENT WITH WPC, THE MARGINAL RISK  
OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL SEEMS REASONABLE WITH JUST ISOLATED FLASH  
FLOODING POTENTIAL.  
 
STORMS WILL DIMINISH AND MOVE OUT OVERNIGHT AS THE COLD FRONT PUSHES  
THROUGH. IT LOOKS LIKE MONDAY AFTERNOON MAY HAVE ISOLATED TO  
SCATTERED SHOWERS AND STORMS DEVELOPING IN THE STEEPENING LOW  
LEVEL LAPSE RATES AS A SHORTWAVE TROUGH DROPS IN FROM THE  
NORTHWEST.  
 

 
   
DISCUSSION
 
 
ISSUED AT 243 PM CDT SAT JUN 28 2025  
 
THE ONE-DAY REPRIEVE OF HIGHER HUMIDITY YESTERDAY IS A DISTANT  
MEMORY AS THE HIGH PLAINS SURFACE LOW ADVECTS A LOW-MID 70F  
SURFACE DEW POINT AIR MASS WITHIN THE WARM SECTOR ACROSS THE  
STATE TODAY. ALOFT, THE H3 JET CORE REMAINS CONFINED TO  
NORTHERN MINNESOTA, WITH MID-LEVEL SHORTWAVE ENERGY RIDING THRU  
IT'S SOUTHERN PERIPHERY. AT THE SURFACE, THE WARM FRONT RESIDES  
IN A SIMILAR AREA, EXTENDING BACK TO THE THE HIGH PLAINS SFC  
LOW. AS SUCH, THE CONVECTIVE FOCUS OVERNIGHT WILL REMAIN NORTH  
AND NORTHWEST CLOSER TO BETTER THETA-E ADVECTION AND FORCING.  
SIMILAR TO LAST NIGHT, ALL OF THE CAMS DEVELOP A MCS ACROSS THE  
DAKOTAS, SLIDING SOUTHEAST IN SOME FORM ON SUNDAY MORNING. AS  
TYPICAL IN RELATIVELY LIGHT MID/UPPER-FLOW SITUATIONS, MODELS  
UNDERACHIEVE CONSENSUS REGARDING MCS SUSTAINABILITY AND TIMING.  
THIS TIME IS NO DIFFERENT. THE HRRR IS THE MOST AGGRESSIVE IN  
MAINTAINING IT THE LONGEST - WELL INTO SUNDAY MORNING ACROSS  
NORTHERN & CENTRAL PORTIONS OF THE CWA, WHICH IF IT WOULD OCCUR,  
WOULD HAVE IMPACT ON WHERE AND WHEN/WHERE STORMS INITIATE ON SUNDAY  
AFTERNOON AND EVENING. ALTERNATIVELY, THE MAJORITY OF THE OTHER  
MODEL OUTPUT WEAKENS/DISSIPATES THE ACTIVITY BEFORE  
REDEVELOPING STORMS ACROSS SOUTHERN IOWA ALONG A SOUTH MOVING  
"COOL" FRONT IN AFTERNOON/EVENING. ALTHOUGH BEST DEEP-LAYER  
SHEAR LAGS THE BOUNDARY NEAR THE JET, VALUES OF 25-30 KNOTS  
SHOULD BE SUFFICIENT FOR THE POTENTIAL FOR A FEW STRONG/SEVERE  
STORMS ONCE THEY DO DEVELOP. ALTHOUGH INITIAL UPDRAFTS MAY  
PRESENT A BRIEF HAIL THREAT, DOWNDRAFT CAPE VALUES IN EXCESS  
1000 J/KG (DUE TO MID- LEVEL DRY AIR) POINTS TO DAMAGING WINDS  
AS THE PRIMARY THREAT, ESPECIALLY ONCE CONVECTION CONGEALS.  
ALSO, 0-3 CAPE VALUES REMAIN ABOVE 150 J/KG WHICH SUGGEST AT  
LEAST THE POTENTIAL FOR A FEW FUNNEL CLOUDS WITH LCLS NEAR 1 KM.  
HOWEVER TORNADOES ARE NOT EXPECTED GIVEN THE ENVIRONMENT. HEAVY  
RAIN WILL BE A GOOD POSSIBILITY AS WELL, WITH PRECIPITABLE  
WATER VALUES PROGD TO BE 1.5-2" STATEWIDE. MORE DETAILS CAN BE  
FOUND IN THE HYDROLOGY SECTION BELOW.  
 
STORMS SHOULD DEPART INTO MISSOURI SUNDAY NIGHT GIVING WAY TO  
SLIGHTLY COOLER AND DRY CONDITIONS FOR MONDAY & TUESDAY.  
THE PROGRESSIVE PATTERN RETURNS BY MID-WEEK WHICH WILL BRING  
STORM CHANCES (20-40%) AND ABOVE NORMAL TEMPERATURES ALONG WITH  
IT FOR THE LATTER HALF OF THE WEEK AND INTO THE HOLIDAY WEEKEND.  
 

 
   
AVIATION /06Z TAFS THROUGH 06Z MONDAY/
 
 
ISSUED AT 1031 PM CDT SAT JUN 28 2025  
 
LITTLE CHANGE FROM THE PREVIOUS ISSUANCE. THE PRIMARY CHALLENGE  
IS CONVECTIVE TRENDS SUNDAY MORNING AND INTO THE AFTERNOON TO  
EVENING. OVERNIGHT STORMS WILL MOVE ACROSS SOUTH DAKOTA AND  
MINNESOTA, LIKELY MOVING INTO NORTHERN IOWA SUNDAY MORNING.  
IMPACTS ARE POSSIBLE AT KFOD/KMCW, DEPENDING ON HOW LONG STORMS  
CAN CONTINUE BEFORE DIMINISHING THROUGH THE MORNING. THIS HAS  
BEEN HANDLED WITH PROB30 GROUPS DUE TO LOWER CONFIDENCE IN  
OCCURRENCE. AFTERNOON CONVECTION IS ALSO EXPECTED AND PLACEMENT  
WILL DEPEND HIGHLY ON HOW THE MORNING STORMS PLAY OUT. HAVE  
EXCLUDED ANY MENTION FROM TAFS AT THIS TIME DUE TO LOW  
CONFIDENCE IN OCCURRENCE.  
 

 
   
HYDROLOGY
 
 
ISSUED AT 243 PM CDT SAT JUN 28 2025  
 
SOIL MOISTURE REMAINS HIGH THOUGH ACROSS MUCH OF THE CWA OWING  
TO LAST WEEK'S HEAVY RAINFALL. NASA SPORT SOIL MOISTURE  
PERCENTILES FOR THE TOP 40 CM OF THE SOIL (USUALLY CONSIDERED  
FOR RIVER FORECASTING PURPOSES) REMAIN ABOVE NORMAL NORTH OF US  
30, WHILE GENERALLY MORE NORMAL SOUTH.  
 
ADDITIONAL RAINFALL IS FORECAST SUNDAY INTO SUNDAY NIGHT, HOWEVER.  
AT THIS POINT, THE BEST CHANCES FOR HEAVIEST RAINFALL APPEARS  
TO BE WITH MOST LIKELY LOCATION OF MORE ORGANIZED STORMS IN THE  
CENTRAL AND SOUTH - GENERALLY AWAY FROM THE AFOREMENTIONED AREA  
OF ABOVE NORMAL SOIL MOISTURES (IN THE NORTH). LATEST TOOLS  
SUGGEST THIS ADDITIONAL RAINFALL WILL HAVE A MINIMAL IMPACT ON  
EXISTING RIVER TRENDS ESPECIALLY AT THOSE LOCATIONS WHERE LEVELS  
ARE OR WILL BE RUNNING HIGH. THE RAINFALL MAY ADD MINOR AMOUNTS  
TO THE CRESTS OR SLOW FALLS. ALTHOUGH NOT A GREAT CHANCE GIVEN  
THAT SOUTHERN IOWA IS LESS FLASH FLOOD PRONE, LOCALIZED FLASH  
FLOODING WOULD BE A POSSIBILITY OVER URBAN AREAS OR IF STORMS  
ARE ABLE TO MOVE PARALLEL TO THE BOUNDARY.  
 

 
   
DMX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES
 
 
NONE.  
 

 
 

 
 
UPDATE...ANSORGE  
DISCUSSION...HAHN  
AVIATION...HAGENHOFF  
HYDROLOGY...HAHN  
 
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