541  
FXUS63 KFSD 252350  
AFDFSD  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SIOUX FALLS SD  
650 PM CDT WED JUN 25 2025  
   
KEY MESSAGES  
 
- HEAVY RAIN REMAINS A FOCUS OVER THE UPCOMING 24 HOURS, WITH  
ALREADY OBSERVED TOTALS OF MORE THAN 3 INCHES IN POCKETS  
TODAY. RAINFALL WILL CONTINUE THROUGH MID-DAY THURSDAY.  
 
- THE GREATEST POTENTIAL FOR WIDESPREAD HEAVY RAIN WILL FALL  
ALONG A LINE FROM SIOUX CITY TO SPENCER AND SOUTHEAST THIS  
EVENING AND TONIGHT. RAINFALL TOTALS MAY EXCEED 3" IN SOME  
AREAS.  
 
- A RISK OF STRONG TO SEVERE STORMS PERSISTS LATE THIS AFTERNOON  
AND EVENING, THOUGH CONVECTIVE RISKS SEEM CONTAINED TO  
MICROBURST WINDS AND A VERY LOW TORNADIC RISK MOSTLY IN NW  
IOWA.  
 
- WITH A MORE NARROWED FOCUS OF HEAVY RAIN, PRIMARY FLOOD RISKS  
ARE FOCUSED MORE TOWARDS URBAN AND SMALL STREAM FLOODING AS  
OPPOSED TO WIDESPREAD RIVER FLOODING.  
 
- TEMPERATURES RISE INTO THE WEEKEND BRINGING UNCERTAIN SEVERE  
WEATHER RISKS LATE FRIDAY THROUGH SUNDAY. BEGIN MONITORING  
THIS TIME PERIOD IF YOU HAVE OUTDOOR PLANS.  
 
 
   
DISCUSSION  
 
ISSUED AT 242 PM CDT WED JUN 25 2025  
 
THIS AFTERNOON: LOW-LVL FLOW REMAINS STRONGLY VEERED THIS AFTERNOON  
TRAVELING UNDERNEATH A STREAM OF MID-LVL VORTICITY. A CONTINUED  
STRETCHING AND NARROWING OF NARROW CONVECTIVE BANDS OVER EASTERN  
SODAK AND WESTERN MINNESOTA CONTINUES, WITH POTENTIAL FOR HIGHLY  
ISOLATED STRIPES OF MODERATE TO HEAVY RAIN FOCUSED MAINLY IN SW  
MINNESOTA. FURTHER SOUTHEAST, WE'RE BEGINNING TO SEE CONVECTIVE  
DEVELOPMENT STRETCHING FROM EASTERN NEBRASKA INTO PORTIONS OF  
NORTHWESTERN IOWA. SOUNDINGS WITHIN THIS UNCAPPED AIRMASS OF  
NEARLY 1500-2000 J/KG SHOW A FAIRLY TALL BUT THIN CAPE PROFILE,  
WITH POOR MID-LVL LAPSE RATES, BUT RATHER LOW LCLS. DCAPE ITSELF  
APPROACHES 500 J/K INTO AREAS OF FAR NORTHERN IOWA, WITH THE  
HIGHEST DCAPE VALUES ALONG OR SOUTH OF HIGHWAY 20. WE'RE STILL  
YET TO SEE ANY STRONG FRONTAL DEVELOPMENT OVER NORTHEASTERN  
NE/IA, BUT POTENTIAL DOES EXIST FOR SURFACE FLOW TO VEER WITH A  
DIFFERENTIAL HEATING BOUNDARY DEVELOPING LATER THIS AFTERNOON.  
SHOULD THIS HAPPEN, 0-1KM CAPE AND SOME BOUNDARY ENHANCEMENT  
COULD DEVELOP TO PRODUCE A LIMITED TORNADO RISK OVER A VERY  
NARROW CORRIDOR OF NW IOWA INTO EARLY EVENING. GIVEN THE VERY  
MOIST SOUNDINGS, RAPID UPDRAFT DEVELOPMENT, WATER LOADING COULD  
BE AN INCREASED POTENTIAL WITH UPDRAFT COLLAPSES PRODUCING WET  
MICROBURSTS PERHAPS THE PRIMARY SEVERE WEATHER RISK IN NW IOWA,  
ESPECIALLY ALONG AND SOUTH OF HIGHWAY 20. IN FACT, LATEST RAP  
MESOANALYSIS SHOWS THE HIGHEST MICROBURSTS COMPOSITE EITHER  
SIDE OF HIGHWAY 20 AND GREATER TO THE SOUTH. HOWEVER, THE  
GREATEST POTENTIAL FROM ANY OF THIS ACTIVITY MAY BE LOCALLY  
HEAVY RAINFALL.  
 
THIS EVENING AND TONIGHT: SEVERAL ROUNDS OF CONVECTION ARE LIKELY  
INTO THE OVERNIGHT HOURS, WITH MOST OF THE FOCUS ALONG AND SOUTHEAST  
OF A YANKTON TO WINDOM LINE, AND GREATEST HEAVY RAIN POTENTIAL FROM  
SIOUX CITY TO SPENCER. INITIAL STORMS LATE THIS AFTERNOON MOVE EAST,  
WHILE ADDITIONAL CONVECTION FORMING ALONG A DIFFERENTIAL HEATING  
BOUNDARY IN SOUTH CENTRAL NEBRASKA STREAM NORTHEAST LATER IN THE  
EVENING. SOME POTENTIAL BOWING SEGMENTS COULD FORM ON THIS  
CONVECTION GIVEN THE PARALLEL FLOW. A THIRD AND FINAL ROUND OF  
CONVECTION MOVES NORTHEAST AFTER MIDNIGHT AND PERSISTS INTO MID TO  
LATE MORNING THURSDAY. GIVEN FLOW GENERALLY PARALLEL TO THE  
SURFACE BOUNDARIES, A DEEP WARM LAYER IN SOUNDINGS, AND PWAT  
VALUES EXCEEDING 200%, HEAVY RAIN IS EXPECTED WITH 1-3" PER  
HOUR RAINFALL RATES POSSIBLE. HAVE ISSUED A FLOOD WATCH FOR  
AREAS OF NE NEBRASKA AND NW IOWA INTO THE THURSDAY. ONE OTHER  
AREA TO MONITOR IS ALONG A SECONDARY SURFACE FRONT JUST NORTH  
OF I-90. SOME SIGNALS THAT AS VORTICITY CROSSES THE DAKOTAS,  
THIS AREA COULD PRODUCE CONVECTION CAPABLE OF HEAVY RAINFALL.  
 
THURSDAY: MORNING CONVECTION SLOWLY MOVES OFF TO THE EAST THROUGH  
THURSDAY MORNING AS WE REMAIN WITHIN THE BROAD MID-LVL TROUGH AXIS.  
DRIER AIR SHOULD FILTER EASTWARD IN THE AFTERNOON, WITH THUNDERSTORM  
RISKS SHIFTING EAST. TEMPERATURES WILL WARM BACK INTO THE UPPER  
70S TO 80S.  
 
FRIDAY-SUNDAY: QUASI-ZONAL FLOW DEVELOPS INTO THE UPCOMING WEEKEND,  
ALLOWING TEMPERATURES TO WARM BACK TOWARDS THE 90S. IN FACT, WITH  
RECENT RAINFALL AND RISING DEW POINTS, HEAT INDEX VALUES SATURDAY  
MAY PEAK NEAR OR ABOVE ADVISORY LEVELS THROUGH MUCH OF THE TRI-STATE  
AREA. CONVECTION CHANCES WILL BE FOCUSED ON A NARROW AREA THROUGH  
CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA LATE FRIDAY ALONG A SURFACE FRONT AND ALONG THE  
EDGE OF THE THERMAL RIDGE. WHILE UNCERTAINTY CONTINUES INTO THE  
WEEKEND, THIS FRONT EDGES EASTWARD ON SATURDAY, AND GIVEN THE HIGH  
DEGREE OF INSTABILITY THAT DEVELOPS, STRONG TO SEVERE STORMS MAY  
DEVELOP INTO SATURDAY NIGHT WEST OF I-29 AND THEN MOVE EAST  
OVERNIGHT. WE'LL HAVE TO WATCH WHAT HAPPENS TO CONVECTION LATE  
SATURDAY BEFORE ANY CLARITY DEVELOPS ON SUNDAY'S RISKS.  
 
MONDAY-TUESDAY: AT THIS TIME, NORTHWESTERLY FLOW ALOFT WOULD FAVOR  
SLIGHTLY COOLER TEMPERATURES AND LOWER PRECIPITATION CHANCES.  
 
 
   
AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z FRIDAY/  
 
ISSUED AT 645 PM CDT WED JUN 25 2025  
 
SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS REMAIN MOST LIKELY ACROSS PARTS OF  
NORTHWEST IA THROUGH THE EVENING, WITH MORE SCATTERED ACTIVITY  
OVERNIGHT INTO THURSDAY MORNING. TO THE NORTH THE EVENING WILL  
BE QUIETER WITH MUCH MORE ISOLATED ACTIVITY WITH MUCH LESS  
THUNDER POTENTIAL. SOME SCATTERED ACTIVITY WILL DEVELOP IN  
CENTRAL SD AND DRIFT EASTWARD OVERNIGHT AND CONTINUE INTO  
THURSDAY, GRADUALLY ENDING FROM WEST TO EAST. THE OTHER CONCERN  
WILL BE MVFR AND IFR CONDITIONS BECOMING MORE PROMINENT LATER  
TONIGHT INTO THURSDAY.  
 
 
   
HYDROLOGY  
 
ISSUED AT 242 PM CDT WED JUN 25 2025  
 
MRMS 48 HOUR RAINFALL ESTIMATES, COMPLIMENTED WITH MEASURED RAINFALL  
REPORTS INDICATE A SWATH OF 1-3 INCHES OF OBSERVED RAINFALL IN AN  
AREA SOUTH OF YANKTON TO SPENCER, IOWA LINE AND A SECOND AREA  
ROUGHLY A COUNTY EITHER SIDE OF I-29 THROUGH EASTERN SOUTH DAKOTA.  
THIS RAINFALL HAS WETTED SOILS ENOUGH TO ALLOW FOR INCREASED RUNOFF  
POTENTIAL WITH THE ADDITIONAL EXPECTED RAIN OVER THE NEXT 24 HOURS.  
THE BEST OVERLAP BETWEEN OBSERVED RAINFALL AND HEAVIER EXPECTED  
ADDITIONAL RAIN LOOKS TO BE WITHIN/NEAR THE FLOOD WATCH AREA.  
 
THE SHORT RANGE NATIONAL WATER MODEL RAPID ONSET FLOODING (HRRR  
FORCED) OUTPUT SHOWS A FAIRLY ROBUST SIGNAL FROM NORTHEAST NEBRASKA  
INTO AREAS SOUTH OF HWY 18 IN NORTHWEST IOWA. THIS SAME AREA ALSO  
HAS THE STRONGEST SIGNAL IN THE NBM FORCED HIGH FLOW MAGNITUDE  
EXCEEDING HIGH WATER THRESHOLDS. WHILE IT APPEARS THE MOST ROBUST  
RISES WILL BE CONFINED TO SMALLER CREEKS AND STREAMS, HEFS GUIDANCE  
SUPPORTS SOME LOW (<20%) CHANCE OF MINOR TO MODERATE STAGE ON THE  
LITTLE SIOUX AND ROCK AS WELL AS LOWER PORTIONS OF THE VERMILLION,  
BIG SIOUX, FLOYD RIVERS. THE MORE LIKELY IMPACT FROM ADDITIONAL  
RAINFALL OVER THE NEXT 24 HOURS WILL BE FLASH FLOODING, WITH URBAN  
AND POOR DRAINAGE AREAS THE MOST LIKELY LOCATIONS.  
 
 
   
FSD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES  
 
SD...NONE.  
MN...NONE.  
IA...FLOOD WATCH THROUGH THURSDAY AFTERNOON FOR IAZ013-014-020>022-  
031-032.  
NE...FLOOD WATCH THROUGH THURSDAY AFTERNOON FOR NEZ013-014.  
 
 
 
 
 
DISCUSSION...DUX  
AVIATION...08  
HYDROLOGY...KALIN  
CLICK HERE TO GO TO PREVIOUS BULLETINS.
The Nexlab SD Page
The Nexlab IA Page
The Nexlab MN Page
The Nexlab NE Page
Main Text Page