687  
FXUS63 KFSD 281701  
AFDFSD  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SIOUX FALLS SD  
1101 AM CST SUN DEC 28 2025  
   
KEY MESSAGES
 
 
- BLIZZARD WARNING NOW IN EFFECT FOR PARTS OF SOUTHWEST MN AND  
NORTHWEST IA THROUGH TONIGHT.  
 
- NORTHWESTERLY WINDS CONTINUE TO STRENGTHEN EARLY THIS MORNING  
AND WILL PERSIST INTO SUNDAY NIGHT. GUSTS OF 40 TO 50 MPH ARE  
LIKELY DURING THIS TIME WITH ISOLATED GUSTS UP TO 55 MPH. A  
WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR THE ENTIRE AREA THROUGH  
THIS EVENING.  
 
- SNOW CONTINUES TO EXPAND THIS MORNING. AMOUNTS HAVE TRENDED  
UPWARDS A BIT ACROSS SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA WITH TOTALS OF 1-3  
INCHES EXPECTED WITH ISOLATED HIGHER AMOUNTS UP TO ABOUT 5  
INCHES POSSIBLE IN THIS SAME AREA. THE STRONG WINDS WITH THE  
FALLING SNOW WILL LEAD TO SOME BLOWING SNOW ACROSS THE AREA.  
REDUCED VISIBILITY WITHIN THE SNOW AND BLOWING SNOW MAY CREATE  
HAZARDOUS TRAVEL CONDITIONS. A WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY  
REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR THE VAST MAJORITY OF THE AREA THROUGH  
THIS EVENING AND NIGHT.  
 
- MUCH COLDER AIR WILL ACCOMPANY THESE STRONG WINDS, LEADING TO  
WIND CHILL VALUES OF 10 BELOW TO 20 BELOW ZERO, ESPECIALLY  
TONIGHT INTO MONDAY MORNING.  
 

 
   
UPDATE
 
 
ISSUED AT 1057 AM CST SUN DEC 28 2025  
 
WENT AHEAD AND ISSUED A BLIZZARD WARNING FOR PARTS OF SOUTHWEST  
MN AND NORTHWEST IA WHERE THE HIGHER SNOW AMOUNTS HAVE BEEN. IN  
SIOUX FALLS WE HAVE HAD ABOUT 1-1.5 INCHES OF SNOW AND THE  
FALLING SNOW HAS ENDED BUT VISIBILITIES REMAIN 1 TO 2 MILES.  
OVER THE DEEPER SNOWPACK IN SOUTHWEST MN AND NORTHWEST IA THESE  
VISIBILITIES IN THE STRONG WIND AND BLOWING SNOW WILL REMAIN  
FAIRLY LOW. WHILE THERE MAY BE A BRIEF IMPROVEMENT THIS  
AFTERNOON, WRAP AROUND SNOW AND A SLIGHT INCREASE IN WINDS THIS  
EVENING WILL LIKELY DRIVE ADDITIONAL BLIZZARD CONDITIONS.  
ADDITIONAL SNOW AMOUNTS WILL BE ON THE LIGHTER SIDE AFTER THIS  
MORNING.  
 

 
   
DISCUSSION
 
 
ISSUED AT 406 AM CST SUN DEC 28 2025  
 
FOG PERSIST MAINLY ALONG AND EAST OF I-29 EARLY THIS MORNING. WITH  
THE FRONT PUSHING THROUGH AND ASSOCIATED PRECIPITATION, HAVE BEGUN  
TO REMOVE COUNTIES ALONG I-29 AND JUST EAST OF I-29, MAINLY IN  
SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA. WILL LET THE REST OF THE ADVISORY RISE UNTIL 6  
AM. WHILE THIS WILL BE THE LAST TIME WE SEE FOG, ATTENTION QUICKLY  
TURNS TO PRECIPITATION MOVING THROUGH THE AREA THIS MORNING. THE  
FORECAST REMAINS ON TRACK WITH PRECIPITATION BEGINNING ON THE FRONT  
END AS A MIX OF RAIN/FREEZING RAIN/SNOW BEFORE QUICKLY TRANSITIONING  
TO ALL SNOW THERMAL PROFILES COOL. WINDS ARE ALSO COMING UP AS WELL  
WITH A FEW SITES ALREADY SEEING 40 MPH GUSTS. AT THE SAME TIME,  
RADAR SHOWS A BAND OF MAINLY SNOW ORIENTED ALONG AND SOUTHWEST OF A  
MARSHALL, MN TO SIOUX FALLS, SOUTH DAKOTA TO YANKTON, SOUTH DAKOTA  
LINE. EXPECT TO SEE THIS BAND FURTHER BLOSSOM ON RADAR OVER THE NEXT  
FEW HOURS AS IT PUSHES EASTWARDS. THIS BAND REMAINS ON TRACK TO PUSH  
THROUGH THE AREA THROUGH THE REST OF THE MORNING HOURS. THE HIGHEST  
SNOWFALL RATES WILL COME DURING THIS PERIOD OF TIME WITH RATES UP TO  
ABOUT A HALF AN INCH AN HOUR EXPECTED. THE FALLING SNOW AND STRONG  
WINDS WILL MAKE FOR REDUCED VISIBILITIES DOWN TO ABOUT ABOUT A HALF  
A MILE WHILE SNOW IS FALLING. RATES WILL BE COMING DOWN THROUGH THE  
SECOND HALF OF THE MORNING AS THE BEST FORCING FOR ASCENT WILL BE  
EAST OF THE AREA. LIGHTER SNOWFALL WILL PERSIST THOUGH ON DECLINE AS  
WELL THROUGH THE REST OF THE MORNING AND EARLY AFTERNOON HOURS.  
 
WHILE SNOW WILL END FOR MOST BY ABOUT NOON TO A LITTLE AFTER NOON,  
SOME LIGHT SNOW LOOKS TO PERSIST ACROSS PARTS OF SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA  
THROUGH THE REST OF THE AFTERNOON TIMEFRAME. A NON-DIURNAL TREND IN  
TEMPERATURES IS EXPECTED TODAY WITH TEMPERATURES LARGELY FALLING  
THROUGHOUT THE DAY TODAY. THIS WILL RESULT IN HIGH TEMPERATURES  
OCCURRING THIS MORNING BEFORE FALLING THROUGHOUT THE DAY. HAVE HIGHS  
IN THE TEENS TO UP TO ABOUT FREEZING FROM WEST TO EAST BUT AGAIN,  
THESE TEMPERATURES WILL BE OCCURRING IN THE MORNING. COME THE  
AFTERNOON TIMEFRAME, TEMPERATURES WILL BE IN THE TEENS AND LOW 20S  
BEFORE COOLING TO LARGELY THE SINGLE DIGITS BY THE EVENING. WINDS  
WILL REMAIN STRONG THROUGHOUT THE DAY WITH GUSTS UP TO 40-50 MPH.  
ISOLATED HIGHER GUSTS UP TO ABOUT 55 MPH IS ALSO EXPECTED. WHILE  
PATCHY TO AREAS OF BLOWING SNOW IS EXPECTED FOR THE AFTERNOON HOURS,  
MAINLY ACROSS SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA, ANOTHER ROUND OF LIGHT SNOW WILL  
BE WRAPPED BACK INTO THE AREA THIS EVENING AND NIGHT. THIS ROUND OF  
SNOW WILL STILL GENERALLY BE FOCUSED ACROSS SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA AND  
INTO ADJACENT AREAS OF SOUTHEAST SOUTH DAKOTA AND NORTHWEST IOWA.  
WITH THE UPPER LOW JUST PUSHING SOUTHEAST OF THE FORECAST AREA, WARM  
AIR ADVECTION (WAA) WILL ACTUALLY STRENGTHEN BEHIND THE DEPARTING  
LOW. THIS WAA WILL WARM THERMAL PROFILES BACK TO THE DENDRITIC  
GROWTH ZONE (DGZ) WHILE KEEPING THEM SATURATED. HOWEVER, THE WAA  
WILL BE THE ONLY FORCING MECHANISM DRIVING THIS SECOND ROUND OF  
SNOW. WHILE SNOW RATIOS TYPICALLY WILL BE ON THE HIGHER SIDE WITH  
SUCH COLD TEMPERATURES IN PLACE, DO THINK THAT RATIOS WILL BE TAKEN  
DOWN A BIT AS THE STRONG WINDS FRACTURE THE FALLING SNOW FLAKES.  
THIS WILL HOWEVER, RESULT IN ANOTHER ROUND OF BLOWING SNOW SINCE  
WINDS WILL REMAIN STRONG THROUGH THE NIGHT. THINK THAT VISIBILITIES  
WILL GET DOWN TO ABOUT A HALF A MILE AT THE WORST DURING THIS PERIOD  
OF TIME WHICH, WILL HAVE SOME IMPACTS ON TRAVEL. LIGHT SNOWFALL IS  
ALSO EXPECTED FOR THIS TIMEFRAME AS WELL BEFORE ANY CHANCE FOR  
PRECIPITATION WILL COME TO AN END DURING THE VERY EARLY MORNING  
HOURS ON MONDAY. TOTAL SNOWFALL AMOUNTS HAVE TRENDED UPWARDS A BIT,  
NOW UP TO ABOUT 2-4 INCHES IN SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA WITH ISOLATED  
HIGHER AMOUNTS UP TO ABOUT 5 INCHES POSSIBLE. MOST OTHER LOCATIONS  
WILL SEE BETWEEN 1-2 INCHES OF SNOW EAST OF THE JAMES RIVER. AREAS  
ALONG AND WEST OF THE JAMES WILL SEE LOWER SNOWFALL TOTALS GENERALLY  
NEAR AND BELOW AN INCH. A LIGHT GLAZE OF ICE IS ALSO POSSIBLE DUE TO  
THE FONT END MIXED PRECIPITATION. FOR HEADLINES, HAVE LEFT HEADLINES  
IN EFFECT, EXCEPT FOR THE DENSE FOG ADVISORY. GIVEN THE LATEST DATA,  
THINK A WIND ADVISORY AND WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY ARE APPROPRIATE.  
HAVE KEPT HEADLINES CLEARING FORM WEST TO EAST BEGINNING AT 9 PM  
THIS EVENING BEFORE ALL HEADLINES EXPIRE BY 6 AM MONDAY MORNING.  
 
WHILE SNOW AND ASSOCIATED WIND AND WINTER HEADLINES WILL BE EXPIRING  
BY MONDAY MORNING, THE COLD TEMPERATURES WILL RESULT IN LOWS FALLING  
TO THE SINGLE DIGITS. WIND STRONGER WINDS PERSISTING THROUGH THE  
NIGHT, WIND CHILLS ARE EXPECTED TO FALL -10F TO -20F, COLDEST ACROSS  
SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA AND ADJACENT AREAS OF SOUTHEAST SOUTH DAKOTA AND  
NORTHWEST IOWA.  
 
MONDAY WILL BE A COLD DAY AS HIGH TEMPERATURES BARELY REBOUND TO THE  
TEENS TO LOW 20S ACROSS SOUTH CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA. WINDS WILL BE  
WEAKENING THROUGHOUT THE DAY AS THE SURFACE PRESSURE GRADIENT  
LOOSENS AS THE SUNDAY SYSTEM CONTINUES TO PUSH OFF TO THE EAST. SOME  
PATCHY BLOWING SNOW REMAINS POSSIBLE ACROSS THE AREA WHILE WINDS  
REMAIN ELEVATED.  
 
WAA RETURNS ALOFT FOR TUESDAY, PUSHING HIGH TEMPERATURES BACK TO THE  
30S TO LOW 40S. THESE WARMER TEMPERATURES WILL BE SHORT LIVED THOUGH  
AS A WEAKER COLD FRONT ADVANCES THROUGH THE NORTHERN PLAINS TUESDAY  
NIGHT. THIS WILL PUSH HIGH TEMPERATURES BACK TO NEAR SEASONABLE FOR  
THE REST OF THE WEEK IN THE 20S TO 30S EACH DAY. A FEW SPOTS IN  
SOUTH CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA MAY SEE HIGHS REACH UP TO ABOUT 40F. LOWS  
WILL ALSO BE NEAR SEASONABLE DOWN TO THE SINGLE DIGITS, TEENS, AND  
20S. A WEAK WAVE COULD BRING THE CHANCE FOR SNOW BUT DETAILS ARE TOO  
UNCERTAIN THIS FAR OUT, THAT SAID, THE FORECAST WILL BE MOSTLY DRY  
FOR THE UPCOMING WEEK.  
 

 
   
AVIATION /12Z TAFS THROUGH 12Z MONDAY/
 
 
ISSUED AT 600 AM CST SUN DEC 28 2025  
 
SNOW HAS BEGUN TO FALL THIS MORNING. A BAND OF SNOW IS CURRENTLY  
PRESENT ON RADAR SPANNING APPROXIMATELY FROM KMML TO KFSD TO KYKN.  
THIS BAND WILL PROGRESS EASTWARDS THROUGH THE REST OF THE MORNING  
HOURS. CEILINGS REMAIN BETWEEN MVFR/IFR/LIFR ALONG WITH VISIBILITIES  
SPANNING THE ENTIRE FLIGHT CATEGORY SPECTRUM. THOUGH ONLY A FEW  
SITES ARE REPORTING VFR VISIBILITIES AND SHOULD GO DOWN OVER THE  
NEXT HOUR OR SO. FALLING SNOW WILL PERSIST THROUGH THE MORNING HOURS  
BEFORE PUSHING EAST/NORTHEAST OF THE AREA. SOME LIGHT SNOW MAY  
PERSIST THROUGH THE AFTERNOON HOURS ACROSS PARTS OF SOUTHWEST  
MINNESOTA BUT BLOWING SNOW WITH SOME REDUCTIONS IN VISIBILITY WILL  
PERSIST THROUGH THE AFTERNOON HOURS DUE TO STRONG NORTHWEST WINDS  
GUSTING UP TO ABOUT 30-45 KNOTS. CEILINGS LOOK TO REMAIN AT MVFR  
LEVELS THROUGH THE AFTERNOON AS WELL.  
 
A SECOND ROUND OF LIGHT SNOW LOOKS TO MOVE IN FROM THE NORTH THIS  
EVENING AND NIGHT. THIS SHOULD MAINLY AFFECT LOCATIONS PRIMARILY IN  
SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA THOUGH IT COULD AFFECT A FEW LOCATIONS IN  
SOUTHEAST SOUTH DAKOTA. HAVE KEPT OUT OF KFSD'S TAF BUT TRENDS WILL  
BE MONITORED. FURTHER REDUCTIONS IN VISIBILITY DOWN TO IFR/LIFR  
LEVELS ARE POSSIBLE IN THIS SECOND ROUND OF SNOW. THE GOOD NEWS IS  
THAT THIS SECOND ROUND WILL NOT LAST LONG AND WILL PUSH EAST OF THE  
AREA BY AROUND 09Z. THIS WILL LEAVE MVFR CEILINGS ALONG WITH SOME  
BLOWING SNOW DUE TO THE STRONG NORTHWEST WINDS TO END THE TAF  
PERIOD.  
 

 
   
FSD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES
 
 
SD...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY UNTIL 6 AM CST MONDAY FOR SDZ040-055-  
056-061-062-066-067-069>071.  
WIND ADVISORY UNTIL MIDNIGHT CST TONIGHT FOR SDZ040-055-056-  
061-062-066-067-069>071.  
WIND ADVISORY UNTIL 9 PM CST THIS EVENING FOR SDZ038-039-050-  
052>054-057>060-063>065-068.  
WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY UNTIL 9 PM CST THIS EVENING FOR SDZ039-  
054.  
MN...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY UNTIL 6 AM CST MONDAY FOR MNZ098.  
WIND ADVISORY UNTIL MIDNIGHT CST TONIGHT FOR MNZ071-072-080-  
081-089-090-097-098.  
BLIZZARD WARNING UNTIL 6 AM CST MONDAY FOR MNZ071-072-080-081-  
089-090-097.  
IA...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY UNTIL 6 AM CST MONDAY FOR IAZ001-012-  
020>022-031-032.  
WIND ADVISORY UNTIL MIDNIGHT CST TONIGHT FOR IAZ001>003-  
012>014-020>022-031-032.  
BLIZZARD WARNING UNTIL 6 AM CST MONDAY FOR IAZ002-003-013-014.  
NE...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY UNTIL 6 AM CST MONDAY FOR NEZ013-014.  
WIND ADVISORY UNTIL MIDNIGHT CST TONIGHT FOR NEZ013-014.  
 

 
 

 
 
UPDATE...08  
DISCUSSION...MEYERS  
AVIATION...MEYERS  
 
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