612  
FXUS63 KIWX 051705  
AFDIWX  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTHERN INDIANA  
105 PM EDT SUN OCT 5 2025  
   
KEY MESSAGES
 
 
- WARM, DRY, AND BREEZY CONDITIONS WILL LEAD TO AN ELEVATED FIRE  
DANGER TODAY.  
 
- RAIN IS EXPECTED MONDAY NIGHT THROUGH LATE TUESDAY WITH  
AMOUNTS UP TO A HALF-INCH POSSIBLE.  
 
- MUCH COOLER WEATHER RETURNS FOR THE MIDDLE OF THE WEEK WITH  
LOWS DIPPING INTO THE UPPER 30S.  
 

 
   
UPDATE
 
 
ISSUED AT 1135 AM EDT SUN OCT 5 2025  
 
FIRE WEATHER CONCERNS CONTINUE TO BE THE NEAR TERM FORECAST  
ISSUE. PREVIOUS FORECAST REMAINS IN GOOD SHAPE WITH PREVIOUS  
SPS MESSAGING STILL VALID FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE AFTERNOON.  
THE COMBINATION OF DIURNAL MIXING AND NORTHWARD ADVECTION OF  
SLIGHTLY DRIER LOW LEVEL AIR FROM THE OHIO VALLEY SHOULD RESULT  
IN DOWNWARD DEW POINT TREND OVER THE NEXT FEW HOURS. THE 12Z  
MORNING RAOB FROM KILN INDICATES A CONTINUED DOWNWARD TREND OF  
925MB DEW POINTS (+8 DEG C). MIXING UPSTREAM LOW LEVEL AIRMASS  
TO THE SURFACE WOULD STILL SEEM TO SUPPORT MINIMUM AFTERNOON DEW  
POINTS IN THE UPPER 40S TO LOWER 50S, WITH PERHAPS SLIGHTLY  
LOWER DEW POINTS ACROSS FAR NORTHEAST IN/NORTHWEST OHIO WHERE  
NEAR SFC SOIL MOISTURE IS AT A MINIMUM. THE COMBINATION OF RH'S  
FROM 25 TO 35 PERCENT (LOCALLY 20 PERCENT POSSIBLE) AND GUSTY  
SOUTHWEST WINDS TO 15-20 MPH (HIGHEST GUSTS TO 25 MPH ACROSS THE  
NORTHWEST) WILL LEAD TO ELEVATED FIRE DANGER THIS AFTERNOON  
WITH A POTENTIAL OF THE SPREAD OF FIELD FIRES. THIS STILL  
APPEARS TO BE A SHORT-TERM THREAT FOR THIS AFTERNOON AS LOW  
LEVEL MOISTURE ADVECTION WILL OVERSPREAD THE REGION FROM SOUTH  
TO NORTH TONIGHT INTO MONDAY.  
 

 
   
DISCUSSION
 
 
ISSUED AT 245 AM EDT SUN OCT 5 2025  
 
ELEVATED FIRE DANGER CONTINUES TO BE THE PRIMARY CONCERN IN TODAY'S  
FORECAST. UPPER LOW PREVIOUSLY OVER THE SOUTHWEST CONUS IS NOW  
RAPIDLY LIFTING TOWARD ONTARIO WITH AN ASSOCIATED 995MB SURFACE LOW  
AND TRAILING COLD FRONT. THIS COLD FRONT WILL TAKE CONSIDERABLE TIME  
TO REACH OUR AREA GIVEN HIGHLY MERIDIONAL FLOW AND PARENT FORCING ON  
A FAST TRACK TO THE ARCTIC. HOWEVER, THE IMPORTANT RESULT LOCALLY  
WILL BE A TIGHTENING OF LOW LEVEL GRADIENT AS 1027MB SURFACE HIGH  
REMAINS ANCHORED OVER THE MID-ATLANTIC. BOUNDARY LAYER FLOW OF AROUND  
20 KTS STILL ANTICIPATED, SUPPORTING GUSTS OF 20-25MPH AT THE  
SURFACE. THERMAL PROFILES AND MIXING HEIGHTS ARE A TOUCH LOWER THAN  
YESTERDAY SO HIGHS WILL BE A DEGREE OR TWO COOLER. HOWEVER, THE  
OVERALL PROFILE IS ALSO DRIER AS MINOR THETA-E PLUME EVIDENCED BY  
YESTERDAY'S ROBUST CU FIELD EXITS THE REGION. TODAY WILL FEATURE  
MORE SUN AND LOWER DEWPOINTS. SOME UPPER 40S DEWPOINTS ARE POSSIBLE  
TODAY, PARTICULARLY IN DROUGHT-STRICKEN PORTIONS OF OUR E/SE,  
YIELDING RH VALUES RIGHT AROUND 25 PERCENT. THIS IN COMBINATION  
WITH THE WIND AND RECENT DRY CONDITIONS RAISES CONCERN FOR FIRES  
TO SPREAD QUICKLY, ESPECIALLY FIELD FIRES WITH HARVEST  
ACTIVITIES IN FULL SWING. RED FLAG WARNING CRITERIA REQUIRES  
SUSTAINED WINDS OF AT LEAST 20 MPH WITH RH AT OR BELOW 25  
PERCENT FOR 3 HOURS, ALONG WITH 10-HOUR FUEL MOISTURE 8% OR  
LESS. WE WILL LIKELY NOT HIT THE WIND OR 10-HOUR FUEL CRITERIA  
AND EVEN THE RH CRITERIA WILL BE TOUGH. ALSO, THE AREAS WITH THE  
STRONGEST WINDS (NW) ARE THE AREAS LEAST IMPACTED BY THE RECENT  
DRY SPELL. HOWEVER, HISTORICALLY THIS IS A COMMON PATTERN FOR  
THE DEVELOPMENT AND RAPID SPREAD OF FIELD FIRES DURING HARVEST  
SEASON. WILL THEREFORE ISSUE AN SPS AND CONTINUE TO HIGHLIGHT  
THE THREAT IN THE HWO AND SOCIAL MEDIA MESSAGING.  
 
LOW LEVEL MOISTURE ADVECTION FINALLY BEGINS IN EARNEST ON MONDAY AS  
COLD FRONT SLOWLY APPROACHES. MORE CLOUD COVER AND LESS MIXING IS  
EXPECTED, YIELDING ANOTHER DEGREE OR TWO DROP IN HIGHS AND AN  
INCREASE IN AFTERNOON DEWPOINTS/RH VALUES. FIRE WEATHER IS NOT  
EXPECTED TO BE A SIGNIFICANT CONCERN ON MONDAY. STILL SUSPECT MOST  
OF THE DAY WILL BE DRY AS SURFACE COLD FRONT DOESN'T ARRIVE UNTIL  
ALMOST 06Z. HOWEVER, A FEW SHOWERS WILL BE POSSIBLE IN THE 21-00Z  
TIMEFRAME, PARTICULARLY IN OUR FAR NW. RAIN CHANCES CONTINUE INTO  
LATE TUE AS ELEVATED PORTIONS OF THE FRONT SLOWLY PASS WITH A  
SECONDARY SHORTWAVE CROSSING LATE TUE. THERE'S STILL SOME CONCERN OF  
A MISMATCH BETWEEN BETTER JET DYNAMICS/FGEN FORCING JUST TO OUR  
NORTH AND BETTER MOISTURE/INSTABILITY TO OUR SOUTH. NOCTURNAL  
PASSAGE OF THE SURFACE FRONT DOESN'T HELP OUR RAIN CHANCES EITHER.  
HOWEVER, MODELS IN REASONABLE AGREEMENT THERE WILL BE AT LEAST  
NUMEROUS SHOWERS AROUND AND HAVE THEREFORE MAINTAINED HIGH POP'S  
WITH QPF AMOUNTS GENERALLY 0.25-0.5 INCHES (HIGHER FAR SE).  
THIS WON'T PUT A SIGNIFICANT DENT IN THE DROUGHT BUT HELPFUL  
NONETHELESS. A FEW EMBEDDED THUNDERSTORMS ARE POSSIBLE AT TIMES  
BUT OVERALL INSTABILITY IS VERY MEAGER AND SEVERE STORMS ARE NOT  
EXPECTED.  
 
SHARP COOL-DOWN STILL EXPECTED MIDWEEK WITH LOWS TOUCHING THE 30S  
WED NIGHT. DOESN'T LOOK QUITE COLD ENOUGH FOR A SIGNIFICANT FROST  
THREAT BUT THERE IS STILL SOME SPREAD IN THE GUIDANCE SO WILL KEEP  
AN EYE ON IT. FORECAST CONFIDENCE DROPS SIGNIFICANTLY HEADING INTO  
NEXT WEEKEND AS MODELS CONTINUE TO SHOW WIDE VARIATIONS IN OVERALL  
PATTERN.  
 

 
   
AVIATION /18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z MONDAY/
 
 
ISSUED AT 1259 PM EDT SUN OCT 5 2025  
 
TIGHTENING GRADIENT BETWEEN HIGH PRESSURE CENTERED OVER WEST  
VIRGINIA AND A DEEPENING LOW OVER EXTREME SOUTHWEST ONTARIO,  
ALONG WITH AFTERNOON MIXING, HAS PERMITTED WIND GUSTS NEAR 20KTS  
TO BLOSSOM ACROSS THE REGION'S METAR SITES. WIND GUSTS TODAY  
WILL FOLLOW A PREDICTABLE DIURNAL TREND. THE LOW AND ASSOCIATED  
COLD FRONT APPROACHES THE IA/IL LINE LATE IN THE FORECAST PERIOD  
BRINING INCREASING CLOUDS. THE MOISTURE PROFILE REMAINS  
SHALLOW, THUS, ANY CHANCE FOR RAIN HOLDS OFF UNTIL BEYOND THIS  
TAF PERIOD.  
 

 
   
IWX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES
 
 
IN...NONE.  
OH...NONE.  
MI...NONE.  
MARINE...NONE.  
 

 
 

 
 
UPDATE...MARSILI  
DISCUSSION...AGD  
AVIATION...BROWN  
 
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