036  
FXUS63 KIWX 312339  
AFDIWX  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTHERN INDIANA  
739 PM EDT FRI JUL 31 2026  
   
KEY MESSAGES  
 
- CHANCE OF SHOWERS AND STORMS INCREASE FROM WEST TO EAST  
TONIGHT INTO SATURDAY MORNING (60-90%). SOME AREAS MAY  
EXPERIENCE A LULL IN RAIN CHANCES SATURDAY MORNING INTO EARLY  
AFTERNOON, BUT SCATTERED TO NUMEROUS SHOWERS WITH SOME  
THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED SATURDAY AFTERNOON INTO AT LEAST  
SUNDAY MORNING. WIDESPREAD SEVERE STORMS ARE NOT EXPECTED, BUT  
AN ISOLATED STRONG TO SEVERE STORM IS POSSIBLE SATURDAY  
AFTERNOON AND EARLY EVENING WITH ISOLATED WIND GUSTS OF 50 TO  
60 MPH POSSIBLE, ESPECIALLY SOUTH OF US ROUTE 24.  
 
- HEAVY RAIN IS POSSIBLE SATURDAY INTO SUNDAY MORNING.  
CONFIDENCE REMAINS LOW REGRADING PLACEMENT OF HIGHEST RAINFALL  
AMOUNTS WITH GREATEST CHANCES OF STORM TOTAL RAINFALL AMOUNTS  
IN EXCESS OF 2 INCHES (~ 50%) ALONG AND SOUTH OF US ROUTE 30  
ACROSS NORTHERN INDIANA. LOCALIZED RAINFALL AMOUNTS IN EXCESS  
OF 4 INCHES ARE POSSIBLE WHERE ANY PERSISTENT THUNDERSTORM  
ACTIVITY CAN DEVELOP. THE GREATEST FLOOD RISK IS EXPECTED  
SATURDAY NIGHT INTO EARLY SUNDAY.  
 
- THERE IS A MODERATE SWIM RISK FOR LAKE MICHIGAN BEACHES ALONG  
THE SOUTHERN BERRIEN COUNTY, MI AND LA PORTE COUNTY, IN LATE  
SATURDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING. BREAKING WAVES AND CURRENTS  
ARE EXPECTED.  
 
- THERE IS A HIGH SWIM RISK FOR BEACHES ALONG BOTH LA PORTE  
COUNTY, IN AND ALL OF BERRIEN COUNTY, MI SHORELINES ON SUNDAY.  
LIFE- THREATENING WAVES AND CURRENTS ARE EXPECTED. THOSE  
PLANNING TO VISIT THE BEACH SHOULD STAY OUT OF THE WATER.  
 
 
   
DISCUSSION  
 
ISSUED AT 309 PM EDT FRI JUL 31 2026  
 
POTENTIAL OF HEAVY RAINFALL WITH GREATEST CONCERN SATURDAY  
NIGHT/EARLY SUNDAY....  
 
THE PRIMARY FORECAST CONCERN FOR THIS FORECAST WILL BE POTENTIAL OF  
HEAVY RAINFALL, WITH GREATEST IMPACTS POSSIBLE SATURDAY NIGHT INTO  
SUNDAY AM.  
 
SOME ELEVATED MOISTURE RETURN IS APPROACHING THE IN/IL STATELINE  
THIS AFTERNOON DOWNSTREAM OF A STRONGER UPPER LEVEL SHORT WAVE  
TRACKING ACROSS CENTRAL IOWA. SOME FAIRLY DRY MID LEVEL AIR  
PRECEDING THIS ZONE OF MOISTURE ADVECTION SHOULD LIMIT RAINFALL  
THROUGH LATE THIS AFTERNOON WITH THIS INITIAL ELEVATED FORCING. A  
MORE ROBUST LOW LEVEL THETA-E RIDGE WILL BUILD IN FROM NORTHEAST  
ILLINOIS AFTER 03Z THIS EVENING. SOME QUESTION AS TO HOW STRONGLY  
FORCED THE SETUP WILL BE LATE THIS EVENING, WITH POTENTIAL OF  
MORE WIDESPREAD SHOWERS AND EMBEDDED THUNDERSTORMS PASSABLY  
HOLDING OFF UNTIL LATE OVERNIGHT HOURS AS UPPER JET STREAK  
NOSES INTO SOUTHERN GREAT LAKES WITH DEEPER MOISTURE PROFILES IN  
PLACE. SOME TRIMMING OF POPS MAY BE NEEDED THIS EVENING ACROSS  
CENTRAL/EASTERN PORTIONS OF THE AREA AS INITIAL MID LEVEL  
MOISTURE ADVECTION FORCING OUTRUNS BETTER UPPER SUPPORT. DID  
DELAY THUNDER MENTION A BIT THIS EVENING WITH LAPSE RATES  
LOOKING MEAGER AS MID LEVEL MOISTENING OCCURS, WITH GREATER  
THUNDER POTENTIAL LIKELY HOLDING OFF UNTIL AFTER 06Z.  
 
SATURDAY THROUGH EARLY SUNDAY AFTERNOON STILL APPEARS TO BE MOST  
POTENTIALLY IMPACTFUL PERIOD OF THIS FORECAST WITH HEAVY RAINFALL  
POTENTIAL THE FIRST ORDER CONCERN FOLLOWED BY SOME MARGINAL SEVERE  
THREAT SOUTH OF US 24. GUIDANCE HAS EXHIBITED SOME DRAMATIC SHIFTS  
OVER PAST FEW DAYS IN THE HANDLING OF MASS FIELDS WITH THIS SYSTEM  
WHICH APPEARS TO BE IN LARGE PART IN DIFFICULTY HANDLING THE  
LOCATION AND STRENGTH OF THE ASSOCIATED DIABATIC PV ANOMALY ACROSS  
THE MID MS VALLEY. OVERALL TREND IN 12Z GUIDANCE (ALTHOUGH STILL  
WITH LARGE VARIANCE) HAS BEEN TOWARD AN INITIALLY WEAKER LOW/MID  
LEVEL DIABATIC PV ANOMALY AND PREFERENCE TO MORE OF A SOUTHWARD  
SUPPRESSION OF LOW LEVEL REFLECTION INTO WEST CENTRAL INDIANA BY  
MIDDAY SATURDAY. SOME INDICATIONS OF A WEAK MID LEVEL DRY SLOT  
FEATURE PUNCHING INTO THE AREA SATURDAY MORNING COULD PROVIDE A  
LULL IN GREATER SHOWER COVERAGE, BUT STRONGER UPPER SUPPORT/DPVA  
AND NORTHWARD MIGRATION OF 500-1200 J/KG MLCAPE AXIS SHOULD  
ALLOW FOR CONVECTIVE REDEVELOPMENT IN THE AFTERNOON. THE  
DOWNSTREAM LOW LEVEL JET INTO EAST CENTRAL INDIANA MAY BE A BIT  
MORE SUBDUED AS A RESULT OF THE INITIALLY MORE SUPPRESSED  
EVOLUTION TONIGHT WHICH COULD YIELD A BIT LOWER OF A SEVERE  
THREAT FROM EARLIER INDICATIONS SATURDAY AFTERNOON. NO  
SIGNIFICANT CHANGES NOTED IN SPC DAY 2 OUTLOOK WITH MARGINAL  
RISK (MAINLY WIND) ACROSS FAR SOUTHEAST AREAS. SOME LOCALLY  
HEAVY RAINFALL IS POSSIBLE SATURDAY AFTERNOON WITH GREATEST  
POTENTIAL ACROSS THE SOUTH/SOUTHEAST WHERE GREATER INSTABILITY  
SHOULD RESIDE AND WHERE SOME ENHANCED LOW LEVEL CONVERGENCE  
FROM LOW LEVEL JET COULD BE SITUATED.  
 
THE BIGGEST POTENTIAL IMPACT WITH THE SYSTEM FOR THIS WEEKEND IS  
BEGINNING TO FOCUS MORE ON HYDROLOGY. PWAT'S OF 1.75 TO 2.00 INCHES  
ARE EXPECTED TO WRAP AROUND MID LEVEL HEIGHT MINIMUM INTO THE LOCAL  
AREA SATURDAY INTO SATURDAY NIGHT. THE TRACK OF THE MID/UPPER HEIGHT  
MINIMUM ACROSS CENTRAL INDIANA AND SHARPENING OF LOW LEVEL TROUGH  
AXIS SHOULD ALLOW A DEFORMATION-FORCED REGION TO FORM SATURDAY  
NIGHT INTO EARLY SUNDAY AM. VERY STRONG LOW LEVEL MOISTURE  
CONVERGENCE IS POSSIBLE FROM THE COMBINATION OF THE WEAK  
SOUTHERLY FLOW ACROSS THE SOUTH AND MORE ROBUST EASTERLY FLOW  
ACROSS THE SOUTHERN GREAT LAKES TO MAXIMIZE PRECIP EFFICIENCY.  
WARM CLOUD DEPTHS ARE ALSO EXPECTED TO BE IN EXCESS OF 12K FEET.  
SOME HIGHER RES GUIDANCE DEPICTS AN AXES OF VERY HEAVY RAINFALL  
SATURDAY NIGHT AN STORM TOTAL RAINFALL AMOUNTS IN EXCESS OF 5  
INCHES IN AREA OF STRONGEST DEFORMATION FORCING. SOME  
CONSIDERATION WAS GIVEN THIS AFTERNOON TO ISSUING A FLOOD WATCH  
FOR SATURDAY NIGHT INTO SUNDAY AM. UPON COLLABORATION, HAVE  
OPTED TO HOLD OFF ON FLOOD WATCH WITH THIS ISSUANCE GIVEN  
RELATIVELY DRY ANTECEDENT CONDITIONS AND VERY HIGH RUN TO RUN  
VOLATILITY IN RECENT GUIDANCE WITH KEY LOW LEVEL MASS FEATURES  
WHICH WILL AFFECT STRENGTH/POSITION OF DEFORMATION FORCING.  
SATURDAY NIGHT/SUNDAY AM DOES INCREASINGLY LOOK LIKE A PERIOD TO  
WATCH FOR HYDRO CONCERNS HOWEVER.  
 
FORECAST CONFIDENCE IS BELOW NORMAL FOR EARLY NEXT WEEK WITH  
GUIDANCE STRUGGLING IN HOW TO HANDLE RESIDUALS OF THE MID/UPPER  
LEVEL SYSTEM ACROSS OHIO VALLEY IN WEAK STEERING FLOW/BLOCKING  
PATTERN. DID ACCEPT BLENDED GUIDANCE TREND OF MAINTAINING POPS INTO  
MIDDLE OF THE WEEK BUT THIS WILL BE SUBJECT TO CHANGE GIVEN TO LOW  
PREDICTABILITY OF THIS PATTERN. A DAMPENED UPSTREAM RIDGE BY THE  
MIDDLE OF NEXT WEEK VIA A SERIES OF PACIFIC WAVES WILL ALLOW  
POTENTIAL OF SOME RENEWED THETA-E ADVECTION IN WAKE OF  
DECAYING/DEPARTING UPPER LOW WITH ADDITIONAL CHANCES OF STORMS  
WED/THU AND TREND BACK TO SEASONABLE TEMPERATURES.  
 
 
   
AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z SUNDAY/  
 
ISSUED AT 739 PM EDT FRI JUL 31 2026  
 
INITIAL, ELEVATED THETA-E SURGE ASSOCIATED WITH APPROACHING  
TROUGH IS CURRENTLY MOVING OVER THE AREA. HOWEVER, LOW LEVELS  
REMAIN QUITE DRY AND THIS WILL LIMIT IMPACTS OVERNIGHT.  
ANTICIPATE JUST SOME SCT SPRINKLES WITH VFR CEILINGS. BETTER LOW  
LEVEL MOISTURE ARRIVES LATE SAT MORNING WITH A TRANSITION TO  
MVFR CEILINGS AND MORE WIDESPREAD RAIN SHOWERS EXPECTED. AN  
ISOLATED THUNDERSTORM IS ALSO POSSIBLE BUT CONFIDENCE IS VERY  
LOW. MAINTAINED A PROB30 MENTION AT KSBN BUT THAT COULD BE  
REMOVED ONCE 00Z GUIDANCE IS ANALYZED. SLIGHTLY BETTER CHANCE  
FOR STORMS WILL BE SAT AFTERNOON BUT EVEN THEN INSTABILITY IS  
NOT GREAT AND COVERAGE WILL REMAIN ON THE LOW SIDE.  
 
 
   
IWX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES  
 
IN...NONE.  
OH...NONE.  
MI...NONE.  
MARINE...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY FROM 2 PM SATURDAY TO 5 AM EDT MONDAY FOR  
LMZ043-046.  
 
 
 
 
 
DISCUSSION...MARSILI  
AVIATION...AGD  
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