610  
FXHW60 PHFO 060209  
AFDHFO  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HONOLULU HI  
409 PM HST SUN OCT 5 2025  
   
SYNOPSIS
 
 
A SURFACE TROUGH WILL APPROACH, AND THEN MOVE OVER, THE WESTERN  
END OF THE STATE TONIGHT THROUGH MONDAY. AS THE FEATURE MOVES  
THROUGH, INCREASED CLOUDS AND SHOWERS ARE EXPECTED OVER THE  
WESTERN ISLANDS. AHEAD OF IT, WINDS WILL WEAKEN AND BECOME MORE  
SOUTHEASTERLY, RESULTING IN A DAYTIME SEA BREEZE AND NIGHTTIME  
LAND BREEZE REGIME THROUGH AT LEAST WEDNESDAY NIGHT. MODERATE  
TRADE WINDS WILL RETURN NEAR THE END OF THE WEEK.  
 

 
   
DISCUSSION
 
 
REGIONAL SATELLITE IMAGERY SHOWS A WELL-DEFINED BAND OF SHOWERS  
ASSOCIATED WITH A TROUGH NORTH OF THE MAIN HAWAIIAN ISLANDS, JUST  
INSIDE THE NORTHERN OFFSHORE WATERS THIS AFTERNOON. IN ADDITION TO  
THIS SURFACE TROUGH, A DISTINCT UPPER LOW IS LOCATED NEAR 30N  
150W AS OF 0100 UTC, WHERE TOWERING CUMULUS AND HEAVIER SHOWERS  
ARE OBSERVED ROUGHLY 550 TO 800 MILES NORTHEAST OF HONOLULU.  
CLOSER TO THE ISLANDS, A LATE MORNING ASCAT PASS AND SURFACE  
OBSERVATIONS FROM AROUND THE STATE THROUGHOUT THE DAY REVEAL  
MODERATE TRADE WINDS THAT ARE SLIGHTLY MORE NORTHEASTERLY OVER THE  
WESTERN END OF THE STATE IN CLOSER PROXIMITY TO THE SURFACE  
TROUGH, AND MORE EASTERLY OVER THE EASTERN END OF THE STATE  
FARTHER AWAY FROM THE FEATURE. RELATIVELY FEW SHOWERS AND LOW  
CLOUDS ARE MOVING INTO THE ISLANDS ON THE MODERATE TRADES AT THIS  
TIME, THOUGH AFTERNOON SEA-BREEZE INDUCED CLOUD BUILDUPS AND A FEW  
SHOWERS HAVE DEVELOPED OVER THE BIG ISLAND AGAIN TODAY.  
 
AS STRONG HIGH PRESSURE BUILDS BEHIND A COLD FRONT MOVING QUICKLY  
EASTWARD ACROSS THE NORTH PACIFIC WELL NORTH OF THE REGION, THE  
SURFACE TROUGH NEAR THE MAIN HAWAIIAN ISLANDS WILL BE DISPLACED  
SOUTHWARD NEAR AND THEN OVER WESTERN ISLANDS. THE BAND OF CLOUDS  
AND SHOWERS DISCUSSED EARLIER ASSOCIATED WITH THIS FEATURE IS  
EXPECTED TO APPROACH KAUAI TONIGHT, REACHING AND PASSING OVER THE  
GARDEN ISLE MONDAY MORNING. AS IT WEAKENS, IT COULD ALSO REACH  
OAHU BY THE EARLY AFTERNOON HOURS ON MONDAY. WITH THIS AFTERNOON'S  
FORECAST UPDATES, SHOWER CHANCES HAVE BEEN ADJUSTED UPWARD FOR  
THE WESTERN END OF THE STATE THROUGH MONDAY, THOUGH IT IS NOTABLE  
THAT NEITHER THE HREF (HIGH RESOLUTION ENSEMBLE FORECAST SYSTEM)  
PROBABILITIES NOR THE NBM PQPF (PROBABILISTIC QUANTITATIVE  
PRECIPITATION FORECASTS) GET TOO CARRIED AWAY WITH RAINFALL  
ACCUMULATIONS, LIKELY DUE TO THE BAND'S QUICK MOVEMENT OVER THE  
ISLANDS AND WEAKENING NATURE.  
 
AS THE TROUGH APPROACHES THE WESTERN ISLANDS, THE BACKGROUND  
MODERATE TRADE WIND FLOW WILL WEAKEN TO BECOME LIGHT OUT AHEAD OF  
IT. THIS WILL MARK A RETURN OF DAYTIME SEA BREEZES AND OVERNIGHT  
LAND BREEZES, PARTICULARLY FOR THE EASTERN ISLANDS ON MONDAY, THEN  
STATEWIDE FROM MONDAY NIGHT THROUGH AT LEAST WEDNESDAY NIGHT AS  
THE LIGHT BACKGROUND WINDS BECOME MORE SOUTHEASTERLY. WITH THIS  
PATTERN, INCREASED LEEWARD AND INTERIOR SHOWER ACTIVITY CAN BE  
EXPECTED FROM LATE MORNING THROUGH EARLY EVENING EACH DAY,  
FOLLOWED BY CLEARING AND LIMITED SHOWERS EACH NIGHT.  
 
MODERATE TRADES MAY BEGIN TO FILL BACK INTO THE REGION BY THURSDAY  
OR FRIDAY AS STRONG HIGH PRESSURE BUILDS FAR TO THE NORTHEAST OF  
THE REGION AND THEN MOVES SOUTHWARD NEAR THE END OF THE WEEK.  
THERE IS SOME UNCERTAINTY IN THIS, HOWEVER, AS THERE ARE SOME  
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GLOBAL MODELS REGARDING ANOTHER SURFACE TROUGH  
THAT COULD DEVELOP NORTH OF THE ISLANDS MID- TO LATE-WEEK.  
 

 
   
AVIATION
 
 
LIGHT TO LOCALLY MODERATE TRADES BRINGING PERIODS OF MVFR COND IN  
ISOL SHRA ACROSS WINDWARD AND MAUKA LOCATIONS. WINDS WILL  
DIMINISH INTO A LAND/SEA BREEZE PATTERN INCREASING CLDS AND SHRA  
ACROSS LEEWARD AND INTERIORS OF THE ISLANDS. MVFR POSSIBLE IN ANY  
SHRA, OTHERWISE VFR PREVAILS.  
 
NO AIRMETS IN EFFECT.  
 

 
   
MARINE
 
 
THE CURRENT MODERATE, MEDIUM-PERIOD NORTH-NORTHWEST (330 DEGREE)  
SWELL FILLED IN OVERNIGHT WELL ABOVE MODEL-PREDICTED VALUES AND IS  
CURRENTLY STILL RUNNING AROUND 8 FEET AT 12 SECONDS. THEREFORE,  
WILL EXTEND THE HIGH SURF ADVISORY (HSA) THROUGH MIDNIGHT TONIGHT  
(HST). THE SWELL SHOULD DROP BELOW ADVISORY LEVEL LATER TONIGHT,  
THEN CONTINUE TO FADE OVER THE NEXT FEW DAYS. THE SMALL CRAFT  
ADVISORY HAS ALSO BEEN EXTENDED UNTIL MIDNIGHT TONIGHT FOR 10  
FOOT SEAS IN AREAS EXPOSED TO THIS SWELL. A SMALL MEDIUM TO LONG-  
PERIOD SWELL FROM THE NORTHWEST (320 DEG) IS EXPECTED TO FILL IN  
MONDAY, PEAK TUESDAY AND DECLINE THROUGH THE MIDDLE OF NEXT WEEK.  
 
THE CURRENT SMALL, LONG-PERIOD SOUTHWEST (210 DEG) SWELL WILL  
CONTINUE TO SLOWLY DECLINE INTO EARLY NEXT WEEK. A SMALL, LONG-  
PERIOD SOUTHWEST SWELL MAY ARRIVE LATE TODAY, AND BUILD INTO EARLY  
NEXT WEEK BEFORE SUBSIDING. ANOTHER SMALL LONG-PERIOD SOUTHWEST  
(200 DEG) SWELL IS POSSIBLE BY THE LATER HALF OF NEXT WEEK. SURF  
ALONG EAST-FACING SHORES WILL REMAIN BELOW AVERAGE OVER THE NEXT  
SEVERAL DAYS, EVEN WITH THE SLIGHT BOOST TODAY WITH THE BRIEF  
UPTICK IN TRADES.  
 
HIGH PRESSURE THE NORTHEAST WILL CONTINUE TO BRING MODERATE EAST-  
NORTHEAST TRADES TO THE REGION TONIGHT. A TROUGH IS EXPECTED TO  
DEVELOP NORTHEAST OF THE STATE OVER THE NEXT COUPLE OF DAYS, AND  
THEN MOVE TO THE SOUTHEAST, AND WILL WEAKEN WINDS TO LIGHT AND  
VARIABLE THROUGH THE FIRST HALF OF NEXT WEEK.  
 

 
   
FIRE WEATHER
 
 
LIGHT WINDS AND INCREASED SHOWERS WILL MITIGATE ANY FIRE WEATHER  
CONCERNS THROUGH THE WEEK.  
 

 
   
HFO WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES
 
 
HIGH SURF ADVISORY UNTIL MIDNIGHT HST TONIGHT FOR NORTH AND WEST  
FACING SHORES OF NIIHAU, KAUAI, OAHU, MOLOKAI, AND NORTH FACING  
SHORES OF MAUI..  
 
SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY UNTIL MIDNIGHT HST TONIGHT FOR KAUAI  
NORTHWEST WATERS-KAUAI WINDWARD WATERS-KAUAI LEEWARD WATERS-  
KAUAI CHANNEL-OAHU WINDWARD WATERS-KAIWI CHANNEL-MAUI COUNTY  
WINDWARD WATERS.  
 

 
 

 
 
DISCUSSION...VAUGHAN  
AVIATION...WALSH  
MARINE...TS  
FIRE WEATHER...VAUGHAN  
 
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