102  
FXUS61 KPBZ 150901  
AFDPBZ  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE PITTSBURGH PA  
501 AM EDT WED JUL 15 2026  
   
WHAT HAS CHANGED  
 
ADDED SMOKE TO THE GRIDS FOR LATE THIS AFTERNOON AND INTO  
TONIGHT TO INCLUDE THURSDAY.  
 
 
   
KEY MESSAGES  
 
1) TEMPERATURES AND HEAT INDICES MAXIMIZE FOR MOST WEDNESDAY  
WITH MAJOR HEAT RISK LIKELY.  
 
2) WILDFIRE SMOKE ALOFT RETURNS TO THE AREA FOR THE BEGINNING OF  
THE FORECAST PERIOD.  
 
3) STORM CHANCES, ALONG WITH SEVERE AND FLOODING RISKS, RETURN  
INTO THE WEEKEND.  
 
 
   
DISCUSSION  
 
KEY MESSAGE 1...  
THE RIDGE WILL BE IN PLACE OVER THE EASTERN CONUS TODAY, BUT  
WILL BEGIN TO SHIFT BACK WEST. THIS WILL KEEP DRY CONDITIONS IN  
PLACE. WITH NORTHWEST FLOW ALOFT BEGINNING TO TAKE SHAPE, THIS  
WILL KEEP THE HIGHER DEW POINTS OUT OF THE REGION. THUS THE HEAT  
RISK FOR TODAY WILL BE MARGINAL HEAT ADVISORY VALUES. VALUES OF  
100 TO 102 ARE STILL EXPECTED BUT JUST CONFINED TO THE URBAN  
AREAS OF THE FORECAST AREA. THE NORTHWEST FLOW WILL BEGIN TO  
USHER IN SMOKE TO THE REGION BY THE AFTERNOON AND INTO THE  
EVENING.  
 
THURSDAY, SMOKE CONCENTRATIONS MAY BE HIGHER, CHALLENGING  
CONTINUED TEMPERATURES ABOVE 90F, SAVE REGIONS SOUTH OF US-22  
WHERE MAJOR HEAT RISK MAY LINGER. THIS WILL ALSO CORRELATE TO  
THE BEGINNING OF THE RIDGE BREAKDOWN.  
 
KEY MESSAGE 2...  
THE AFOREMENTIONED SMOKE THAT HRRR IS PICKING UP ON IS MOSTLY  
FROM WILDFIRES ORIGINATING IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO AND NORTHERN  
MINNESOTA. EXACT CONCENTRATIONS OF SMOKE WILL DEPEND ON THE  
EXACT INTENSITY OF UPSTREAM FIRES. MODELS SHOW PROLIFIC SMOKE  
RELEASE GIVEN THE CONTINUED HOT/DRY CONDITIONS.  
 
AN INITIAL PUSH OF SMOKE TODAY IS EXPECTED TO REMAIN MOSTLY  
ALOFT AND RESULT IN A MILKY/HAZY APPEARANCE OVERHEAD. THE MAIN  
WAVE OF SMOKE TODAY IS FORECAST TO PASS TO THE SOUTH TOMORROW,  
BEFORE WRAPPING BACK INTO THE MORE DENSE SMOKE ADVECTING DOWN  
FROM ONTARIO WEDNESDAY NIGHT. THIS ROUND OF SMOKE MAY BRING  
SOME MORE NEAR SURFACE SMOKE THAT COULD POSE IMPACTS TO NEAR  
SURFACE AIR- QUALITY INTO LATE WEDNESDAY AND EARLY THURSDAY.  
CONTINUED INSTANCES OF SMOKE APPEAR LIKELY INTO THE WEEKEND WITH  
LITTLE CHANGE IN MID- LEVEL WIND DIRECTION.  
 
KEY MESSAGE 3...  
THE RIDGE BREAKDOWN WILL OCCUR DURING THE FRIDAY AND INTO  
SATURDAY PERIOD. WITH THE UPPER RIDGE SHIFTING WEST, THIS WILL  
PUT THE NORTHEAST IN A TROUGHING PATTERN. WITH NORTHWEST FLOW  
ALOFT AND SOME SURFACE MOISTURE ADVECTED INTO THE REGION, A  
SEVERE AND FLOOD THREAT WILL BE IN PLACE. WPC AT THIS TIME HAS  
PUT THE FRIDAY AND SATURDAY PERIOD  
 
MACHINE LEARNING CARRIES GENERALLY A 5% TO 15% CHANCE OF SEVERE  
WEATHER WITHIN 25 MILES OF A POINT WHEN AND WHERE THE THREAT  
MAXIMIZES FOR NOW. WITH LREF 50TH PERCENTILE DCAPE NEAR 600 TO  
900, A MARGINAL DOWNBURST THREAT IS POSSIBLE, BUT WITH MEAN  
500MB FLOW OF 30KTS TO 50KTS, ORGANIZED CONVECTION IS CERTAINLY  
POSSIBLE. CURVED LOW HODOGRAPHS WILL ALSO ALLUDE TO THE  
POTENTIAL FOR DISCRETE OR EMBEDDED TORNADO THREATS. ENSEMBLES  
CONTINUE TO HINT ON THIS POTENTIAL.  
 
ANOTHER THING THAT WILL NEED TO BE MONITORED, MAYBE EVEN MORE  
SO, IS HYDROLOGICAL CONCERNS. LREF 50TH PERCENTILE PWATS WILL BE  
>90TH PERCENTILE, AND CONVECTION MAY BE BOUNDARY PARALLEL AS IT  
MOVES FROM THE NORTHWEST TO SOUTHEAST. MODEL SOUNDINGS SHOW  
LONG, SKINNY CAPE. THERE ARE SOME PARTICULARLY HIGH-QPF ANALOGS  
IN SIMILAR PATTERNS, AND NBM 90TH PERCENTILE TO MAX QPF SHOWS  
2-5" IS CERTAINLY POSSIBLE SOMEWHERE.  
 
 
   
AVIATION /08Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/  
 
HIGH PRESSURE WILL REMAIN IN PLACE ACROSS THE FORECAST AREA.  
THIS WILL KEEP DRY CONDITIONS IN PLACE FOR ANOTHER TAF PERIOD.  
EXPECT SOME HAZE TO DEVELOP TODAY ALONG WITH SOME SMOKE BUT  
MAINLY NORTH OF I-70. WINDS ARE EXPECTED TO BE OUT OF THE  
SOUTHWEST UP TO 10 KNOTS THROUGH THE DAY. SOME CU IS EXPECTED AT  
ABOUT 6 KFT WITH SOME PASSING CIRRUS WITH TRACES OF SMOKE IN IT.  
OVERALL, VFR FORECAST IS EXPECTED WITH THE EXCEPTION OF AN  
INSTANCE OF FOG IN THE MORNING.  
 
OUTLOOK... HIGH PRESSURE FAVORS VFR THROUGH AT LEAST THURSDAY,  
WITH ONLY LOW PROBABILITIES FOR RIVER VALLEY FOG NEAR DAWN. DUE  
TO A DENSE AREA OF SMOKE FROM WILDFIRES IN NORTHERN MINNESOTA  
AND WESTERN ONTARIO, IT IS POSSIBLE FOR MVFR VISIBILITY  
RESTRICTIONS ON THURSDAY. CONFIDENCE IN THESE IMPACTS IS  
INCREASING AS UPSTREAM AIRPORTS TODAY FEATURE HAZE AND SMOKE VIS  
REDUCTIONS.  
 
 
   
PBZ WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES  
 
PA...HEAT ADVISORY FROM NOON TODAY TO 8 PM EDT THIS EVENING FOR  
PAZ007-008-013>015-020>022-029-031-073-075-077.  
OH...HEAT ADVISORY FROM NOON TODAY TO 8 PM EDT THIS EVENING FOR  
OHZ039>041-048>050-057>059-068-069.  
WV...HEAT ADVISORY FROM NOON TODAY TO 8 PM EDT THIS EVENING FOR  
WVZ001>004-012-021-509.  
 
 
 
 
 
DISCUSSION...MILCAREK/SHALLENBERGER  
AVIATION...SHALLENBERGER  
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