657  
FXUS63 KGLD 041344  
AFDGLD  
 
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION  
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GOODLAND KS  
744 AM MDT SAT OCT 4 2025  
   
KEY MESSAGES  
 
- STRONG SOUTHERLY WINDS WILL CREATE HAZARDOUS TRAVEL CONDITIONS  
THIS AFTERNOON, ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES ON WEST-  
TO-EAST ROUTES, SUCH AS I-70, WHERE CROSS WINDS WILL BE  
STRONGEST. LOCALIZED REDUCTIONS IN VISIBILITY ASSOCIATED WITH  
BLOWING DUST MAY EXACERBATE TRAVEL DIFFICULTIES.  
 
- STRONG SOUTHERLY WINDS COULD RESULT IN FIRE GROWTH THIS  
AFTERNOON, SHOULD ANY FIRES DEVELOP. OUTDOOR BURNING IS NOT  
ADVISED.  
 
- THUNDERSTORMS ARE ANTICIPATED TO DEVELOP ALONG AND AHEAD OF AN  
APPROACHING COLD FRONT IN NORTHEAST COLORADO LATE THIS  
AFTERNOON AND EVENING. A FEW SEVERE STORMS CAPABLE OF  
PRODUCING WIND GUSTS IN EXCESS OF 65 MPH ARE POSSIBLE, MAINLY  
BETWEEN ~4-9 PM MDT.  
 
 
   
UPDATE  
 
ISSUED AT 1245 AM MDT SAT OCT 4 2025  
 
NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGE TO FORECAST REASONING/EXPECTATIONS TODAY  
AND TONIGHT. REFER TO KEY MESSAGES (ABOVE) FOR A CONCISE  
OVERVIEW OF EXPECTED HAZARDS.  
 
 
   
SHORT TERM /THROUGH SUNDAY/  
 
ISSUED AT 154 PM MDT FRI OCT 3 2025  
 
THE AREA IS STARTING TO FEEL THE EFFECTS OF THE TROUGHING  
ACROSS THE WESTERN CONUS AS 850MB AND 700MB JETS ARE STARTING TO  
INCREASE. AS THIS OCCURS WINDS WILL GRADUALLY START INCREASING  
ACROSS THE AREA THIS AFTERNOON WITH GUSTS OF 20-35 MPH CURRENTLY  
FORECAST. THE WINDIEST CONDITIONS ARE CURRENTLY FORECAST ACROSS  
EASTERN PORTIONS OF THE FORECAST AREA DUE TO THE JET BEING  
STRONGEST. THE SOUTHERLY WINDS ARE ALSO HELPING WARM THE  
TEMPERATURES AS WELL WITH MANY LOCALES IN THE MID TO UPPER 80S  
ACROSS THE FORECAST AREA. WESTERN PORTIONS ARE FORECAST TO SEE  
DEWPOINTS FALL AS WELL AS DOWNSLOPING WINDS BECOME MORE  
PREVALENT RESULTING IN THE POTENTIAL FOR SOME LOCALLY CRITICAL  
FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS. WINDS ACROSS THIS AREA ARE HOWEVER  
FORECAST TO BE AROUND 20-25 MPH HELPING LIMIT OVERALL FIRE  
WEATHER CONCERNS. OVERNIGHT THE LOW LEVEL JETS ASSOCIATED WITH  
THE TROUGH ARE FORECAST TO CONTINUE TO INCREASE. SOME MINOR  
PRESSURE FALLS ACROSS THE AREA SHOULD CONTINUE TO KEEP WINDS  
MIXED WITH WIND GUSTS AROUND 30-35 MPH CONTINUING THROUGHOUT THE  
NIGHT. THE CONTINUED MIXING AND WINDS CONTINUING ARE FORECAST  
TO KEEP OVERNIGHT LOWS FROM FALLING TO MUCH AS WELL AS MUCH OF  
THE AREA IS CURRENTLY NOT FORECAST TO FALL BELOW 55-60 DEGREES.  
 
SATURDAY, CONTINUES TO HAVE THE MAKINGS OF A POTENTIAL MULTI  
HAZARD DAY AS THE TROUGH CONTINUES TO GET CLOSER TO THE AREA.  
CONFIDENCE IS HIGH TO VERY HIGH IN WIND GUSTS OF 35-45 MPH  
OCCURRING ACROSS MOST IF NOT ALL OF THE FORECAST AREA AS THE  
850MB AND 700MB JETS REMAIN ACROSS THE AREA. GFS CONTINUES TO BE  
THE MOST AGGRESSIVE WITH THE STRENGTH OF THE WINDS WITH A SOLID  
42-48 KNOT WINDS THROUGHOUT THE MIXING LAYER. OTHER GUIDANCE IS  
IN THE 35-40 KNOT RANGE THROUGHOUT THE MIXING LAYER. GFS  
TYPICALLY DOES DO THE BEST IN WINDIER SCENARIOS SO HAVE TAILORED  
THE FORECAST TOWARDS THAT SO THE POTENTIAL IS THERE FOR 50-55  
MPH WINDS AND WOULD NOT BE SURPRISED IF SOME ISOLATED 60 MPH  
WIND GUSTS WERE TO OCCUR.  
 
WITH THE WIND, BLOWING DUST WILL BE A CONCERN AS WELL AS WE  
HAVE HAD MULTIPLE WARM AND BREEZY DAYS AND LITTLE RAINFALL OVER  
THE PAST WEEK. NASASPORT CONTINUES TO SHOW DRYING OF THE 0-10CM  
SOIL MOISTURE FALLING INTO THE MID TEENS TO LOW 20S ACROSS MOST  
OF THE AREA. AT THIS TIME NOT ANTICIPATING WIDESPREAD BLOWING  
DUST CONCERNS AS THE WINDS MAY NOT BE STRONG ENOUGH TO GET  
NUMEROUS PLUMES OF BLOWING DUST GOING AND ANY THAT DO GET GOING  
SHOULD RISE INTO THE ATMOSPHERE GIVEN HIGH MIXING HEIGHTS AND NO  
CAPPING LEVEL PRESENT VIA THE 2- 2.5CM LAPSE RATES. STILL CAN'T  
RULE OUT SOME LOCALIZED BROWNOUT CONDITIONS NEAR SOURCE REGIONS  
BUT CURRENT THINKING IS THAT MORE OF A HAZE WILL BE PRESENT.  
THIS HAZE ALSO MAY AFFECT AIR QUALITY AS WELL.  
 
ELEVATED FIRE WEATHER WILL ALSO BE A CONCERN AS WELL GIVEN THE  
WINDS. I DID BRING DOWN DEW POINTS TO SOME OF THE LOWER GUIDANCE  
AS FORECAST SOUNDINGS SHOW DRIER AIR JUST ABOVE THE SURFACE  
THAT SHOULD BE EASILY MIXED DOWN. WITH THIS AND BEING ON THE  
WARMER SIDE OF GUIDANCE AM STILL STRUGGLING TO GET HUMIDITY  
VALUES LOWER THAN THE UPPER TEENS TO LOW 20S. I DID TAKE INTO  
CONSIDERATION THE FORECASTED WINDS TO PERHAPS EQUAL OUT NOT  
QUITE BEING TO THE 15% THRESHOLD FOR RED FLAG WARNINGS BUT FUEL  
PARTNERS STATED THAT WITH FUELS STILL BEING SO MARGINAL FIRES  
STILL MAY NOT RAPIDLY SPREAD SO OPTED TO HOLD OFF ON ANY FIRE  
PRODUCTS.  
 
NEXT PART OF THE DAY WILL BE A COLD FRONT MOVING TOWARDS THE  
AREA WHICH IS FORECAST TO LEAD TO SOME SHOWERS AND STORM  
POTENTIAL. THE COLD FRONT WILL ALSO LEAD TO A WIND SHIFT WHICH  
WOULD MAKE THE RESPONSE TO ANY FIRE MORE DIFFICULT. SHOWERS AND  
STORMS WITH THE COLD FRONT ARE FORECAST TO MOVE INTO EASTERN  
COLORADO AROUND 6-7PM MT. CONTINUE TO THINK THAT DAMAGING WINDS  
UP TO 65 MPH WILL BE THE MAIN THREAT WITH ANY STORM GIVEN THE  
WIND FIELD IN PLACE AND STEEP LAPSE RATES. THERE IS POTENTIAL  
HOWEVER WHICH DOES HAVE A HISTORY OF HAPPENING THAT CONVECTIVE  
WINDS SOMETIMES DO NOT MATERIALIZE GIVEN THE STRONG SYNOPTIC  
WINDS AND WINDS ACTUALLY WEAKENING WITH THE STORMS. SOME HAIL  
THREAT MAY MATERIALIZE AS WELL IF WE CAN GET A LONG LIVED,  
STRONG UPDRAFT AS WIND SHEAR WILL BE VERY STRONG WHICH WOULD  
KEEP FROZEN DROPLETS ALOFT LONGER ESPECIALLY GIVEN A SHALLOW  
FREEZING LEVEL AROUND 12,000 FEET. HOWEVER DO HAVE CONCERNS THAT  
THE STRENGTH OF THE WIND SHEAR WILL SHEAR APART UPDRAFTS BEFORE  
LARGE HAIL CAN BECOME A CONCERN GIVEN MEAGER MUCAPE OF AROUND  
500 J/KG. THE OTHER ASPECT OF THE STORMS IS THAT IF ANY OUTFLOW  
CAN EMANATE THEN BLOWING DUST MAY AGAIN BE A CONCERN POTENTIALLY  
IN THE FORM OF HABOOB. ANY SEVERE THREAT SHOULD BE ENDED NO  
LATER THAN 12AM MT. WINDS WILL GRADUALLY DIMINISH THROUGH THE  
NIGHT AS WE LOSE INFLUENCE OF THE COLD FRONT.  
 
 
   
LONG TERM /SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH FRIDAY/  
 
ISSUED AT 154 PM MDT FRI OCT 3 2025  
 
COLD AIR ADVECTION IS FORECAST TO CONTINUE THROUGH THE DAY  
SUNDAY IN WAKE OF THE COLD FRONT. BREEZY WINDS ARE FORECAST TO  
CONTINUE AS WELL BUT NOT TO THE EXTENT OF SUNDAY AS THE 850 AND  
700MB JETS ARE FORECAST TO WEAKEN AS WE LOSE SYNOPTIC INFLUENCE;  
WIND GUSTS OF 25- 30 MPH ARE STILL POSSIBLE HOWEVER. HIGH  
TEMPERATURES ARE CURRENTLY FORECAST IN THE LOW 70S TO LOW 80S  
ACROSS THE AREA BUT MAY BE A LITTLE BIT COOLER IF THE FRONT  
MOVES THROUGH QUICKER. A QUICK MOVING SHORTWAVE DURING THE  
EVENING AND OVERNIGHT HOURS ACROSS NORTHERN PORTIONS OF THE AREA  
MAY LEAD TO SOME SHOWERS AND STORMS BUT SEVERE WEATHER IS NOT  
ANTICIPATED WITH THAT ACTIVITY. A SEVERE THREAT ACROSS EASTERN  
PORTIONS OF THE AREA MAY ALSO DEVELOP BUT WILL BE HIGHLY  
DEPENDENT OF THE POSITIONING OF THE COLD FRONT.  
 
THROUGH THE REMAINDER OF THE WEEK MAINLY ZONAL FLOW IS FORECAST  
TO ENSUE CONTINUING MORE NORMAL TEMPERATURES FOR OCTOBER  
STANDARDS. A FEW SURFACE HIGHS ARE ALSO FORECAST TO NUDGE INTO  
THE AREA TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY MORNINGS WHICH MAY YIELD SOME  
STRONG RADIATIONAL COOLING POTENTIAL WHICH MAY LEAD TO SOME  
FROST CONCERNS. TOWARDS THE LATTER PORTION OF THE WEEK STARTING  
TO SEE SOME SIGNALS FOR A SIMILAR PATTERN TO WHAT IS ONGOING  
RIGHT NOW WHICH MAY LEAD TO ANOTHER RISK FOR WARMER TEMPERATURES  
AND WINDY CONDITIONS TOWARDS THE LATTER PART OF THE WEEK AND  
INTO THE WEEKEND BUT STILL REMAINS A BIT TO FAR OUT TO NAIL DOWN  
DETAILS AT THIS TIME.  
 
 
   
AVIATION /06Z TAFS THROUGH 06Z SUNDAY/  
 
ISSUED AT 1115 PM MDT FRI OCT 3 2025  
 
GLD: ASIDE FROM THE POSSIBILITY OF DIFFUSE HAZE (6-9SM VIS)  
ASSOC/W BLOWING DUST DURING THE AFTERNOON, AND A POTENTIAL FOR  
SUB-VFR CONDITIONS ASSOC/W HIGH-BASED SHOWERS AND STORMS DURING  
THE EVENING (~01-05Z SUN).. VFR CONDITIONS WILL OTHERWISE  
PREVAIL. BREEZY (15-25 KNOT) SOUTH WINDS.. AND LLWS ASSOCIATED  
WITH A 50-55 KNOT SOUTHERLY LOW-LEVEL JET AT ~1000-1500 FT AGL  
(PER KGLD VELOCITY DATA AT 0500 UTC).. WILL PREVAIL THROUGH  
SUNRISE. S-SSW WINDS WILL INCREASE TO 20-30 KNOTS WITHIN A FEW  
HOURS AFTER SUNRISE, FURTHER INCREASING TO 30-40 KNOTS BY ~18Z  
AND PERSISTING THROUGH THE AFTERNOON. SOUTH WINDS WILL DECREASE  
TO ~20-30 KNOTS AFTER SUNSET.. FURTHER DECREASING TO 10-20  
KNOTS AND SHIFTING TO THE W-NW (OR BECOMING VARIABLE) NEAR THE  
END OF THE TAF PERIOD (~06Z SUNDAY).  
 
MCK: VFR CONDITIONS ARE ANTICIPATED TO PREVAIL THROUGH THE TAF  
PERIOD. BREEZY (15-25 KNOT) SOUTH WINDS.. AND LLWS ASSOCIATED  
WITH A 50-55 KNOT SOUTHERLY LOW-LEVEL JET AT ~1000-1500 FT AGL  
(PER KGLD VELOCITY DATA AT 0500 UTC).. WILL PREVAIL THROUGH  
SUNRISE. S-SSW WINDS WILL INCREASE TO 25-30 KNOTS WITHIN A FEW  
HOURS AFTER SUNRISE, FURTHER INCREASING TO 30-40 KNOTS BY ~18Z  
AND PERSISTING THROUGH THE AFTERNOON. SOUTH WINDS WILL DECREASE  
TO ~25-30 KNOTS AFTER SUNSET.. FURTHER DECREASING TO 10-20  
KNOTS AND SHIFTING TO THE NW (OR BECOMING VARIABLE) NEAR THE END  
OF THE TAF PERIOD (~06Z SUNDAY).  
 
 
   
FIRE WEATHER  
 
ISSUED AT 740 AM MDT SAT OCT 4 2025  
 
GUSTY TO STRONG SOUTHERLY WINDS ARE FORECAST TO BE IN PLACE ACROSS  
THE AREA TODAY WITH WIND GUSTS AROUND 50-55 MPH. HIGH MIXING HEIGHTS  
ARE IN PLACE WHICH LEADS ME TO BELIEVE THAT SOME DRIER AIR THAN WHAT  
GUIDANCE SHOWS WILL MIX DOWN TO THE SURFACE RESULTING IN HUMIDITY  
VALUES IN THE MID TO UPPER TEENS. CURRENT FORECAST IS ON THE HIGHER  
END OF TEMPERATURES AND LOWER END OF DEW POINTS AND STILL STRUGGLING  
TO GET WIDESPREAD HUMIDITY VALUES FALLING BELOW CRITERIA. PER FUEL  
PARTNERS FUELS REMAIN MARGINAL AND GIVEN THE OVERALL AGGRESSIVE  
NATURE OF CURRENT FORECAST AND STILL STRUGGLING TO GET WIDESPREAD  
HUMIDITY VALUES TO CRITERIA LET ALONE THREE HOURS WILL FOREGO A RED  
FLAG WARNING. IF FUELS WERE FULLY CURED A RED FLAG WARNING WOULD MORE  
THAN LIKELY BE IN EFFECT GIVEN THE WIND. SHOWERS ANDS STORMS ARE FORECAST  
TO DEVELOP ALONG A COLD FRONT WHICH MAY SUPPORT SOME DRY  
LIGHTNING POTENTIAL BUT CONFIDENCE IN LIGHTING COVERAGE IS A BIT  
LOWER DUE TO MEAGER AMOUNTS OF ELEVATED CAPE IN PLACE. THESE  
STORMS MAY ALSO BE CAPABLE OF WIND GUSTS AROUND 65 MPH ALONG  
WITH THE POTENTIAL FOR OUTFLOWS RESULTING IN BLOWING DUST (WALL  
OF DUST POSSIBLE BUT LESS THAN 5% CHANCE OF OCCURRING.  
 
 
   
GLD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES  
 
KS...NONE.  
CO...NONE.  
NE...NONE.  
 
 
 
 
 
UPDATE...VINCENT  
SHORT TERM...TRIGG  
LONG TERM...TRIGG  
AVIATION...VINCENT  
FIRE WEATHER...TRIGG  
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